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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

Mixed ion and electron transport theory and application in solid oxide conductors

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第4期29卷 870-875页

作者： kevin huang Department of Mechanical engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 292201USA

Mixed ions and electron conductors(MIECs)are an important family of electrocatalysts for electrochemical devices,such as reversible solid oxide cells,rechargeable metal-air batteries,and oxygen transport *** ionic and electronic transports in these materials play a key role in electrocatalytic *** in-depth fundamental understanding of the transport phenomena is critically needed to develop better *** this brief review,we introduced generic ionic and electronic transport theory based on irreversible thermodynamics and applied it to practical oxide-based materials with oxygen vacancies and electrons/holes as the predominant *** oxide systems,namely CeO_(2)-based and La CrO_(3)-based materials,are selected as case studies to illustrate the utility of the transport theory in predicting oxygen partial pressure distribution across MIECs,electrochemical electronic/ionic leakage currents,and the effects of external load current on the leakage currents.

关键词： irreversible thermodynamics diffusivity charge neutrality electrochemical potential electrostatic potential

Surgical Treatment of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral head Using Minimally Invasive Surgical Drilling and Cancellous Grafting at Brazzaville University hospital

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 122-132页

作者： kevin Parfait Bienvenu Bouhelo-Pam Marius Monka Arnauld Sledje Wilfrid Bilongo Bouyou Regis Perry Massouama Paul Yèlai Ikounga Roger Bertrand Sah Mbou Armand Moyikoua Department of Orthopaedic surgery and Traumatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of the Congo Faculty of health Sciences Marien N’GOUABI University Brazzaville Republic of the Congo

Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONTF) is a debilitating condition. Several treatments have been proposed with controversial results. The aim of our study was to evaluate treatment by surgical drilling coupled with in situ cancellous grafting. Materials and methods: Our study was a case-control study conducted at Brazzaville University hospital from 1st January 2018 to 31 December 2023. It compared two groups of patients with ONTF: non-operated (13 patients, 20 hips) and operated (22 patients, 35 hips). We used the visual digital scale (VDS) for pain assessment, the Merle D’Aubigne-Postel (MDP) scoring system for clinical and functional assessment, and the evolution of necrosis. Results: The group of non-operated patients had a mean age of 35.69 ± 3.4 years, no improvement in pain with an EVN above seven at the last recoil and a mean global MDP score falling from 12.7 before offloading to 10.13 at one year. The group of patients operated on had a mean age of 37.86 ± 7.02 years, a significant reduction in pain (p = 0.00004) and a significantly increased MDP score (p = 0.0034). A comparison of the two groups of patients showed significant stabilization of the necrotic lesions in the operated patients (p = 0.00067), with better satisfaction in the same group. Conclusion: Surgical drilling combined with grafting in the treatment of early-stage ONTF has improved progress in our series. The technique is reproducible and less invasive. It has made it possible to delay unfavorable progression and, consequently, hip replacement surgery.

关键词： hip Osteonecrosis of the Femoral head Conservative Treatment Surgical Drilling Bone Grafting

Treatment of Synovial Cysts in Relation to the Tibial Tunnel of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Grafts by Filling the Tunnel with Acrylic Cement

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 289-298页

作者： Saint Luc Mungina Sedou Charlène Tshitala Mbombo Yannick Toko Kiama kevin Ndangi Ezechiel Nkodia Dieudonné Mwangala Rossyl Kivudi Dominique Saragaglia Luc Mokassa Bakumobatane Department of Surgery University Clinics of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Matete General Reference hospital Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Orthopedic Surgery Osteoarthritis Surgery and Sports Tromatology at the Grenoble Hospital and University Center Grenoble France National Border hygiene Program Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Introduction: Synovial cyst of the tibial tunnel in connection with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a rare but particularly troublesome complication. Medical treatment is often doomed to failure, and surgical treatment usually consists of excising the cyst and filling the tunnel with bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of filling the tunnel with acrylic cement. hypothesis: Filling the tibial bone tunnel with acrylic cement should eliminate communication between the joint cavity and the pre-tibial surface and prevent cyst recurrence. Patients and Methods: This retrospective series is composed of 13 patients, 9 men and 4 women, mean age 48.5 years (31 to 64) operated on between 2011 and 2019 for an intra- and extraosseous synovial cyst consecutive to the tibial tunnel of an ACL graft. Between 1983 and 2016, 12 of the patients had had a bone graft without bone block fixation (DI-DT or Mac Intosh) and one patient, a bone-bone transplant (KJ). The cyst was of variable size, located on the anteromedial aspect of the proximal end of the tibia, and often painful, warranting consultation. At the time of the initial operation, 9 patients had undergone meniscectomies (6 medial, 2 lateral, 1 double). In 7 knees, there were 7 cartilage lesions in the femorotibial and/or patellofemoral compartments (one stage 1 lesion, 2 stage 2 lesions, 4 stage 3 lesions, and no stage 4 lesions). Only 2 knees had neither cartilage nor meniscus lesions. After curettage of the bone tunnel /− removal of the non-resorbed or PEEK interference screw, the tunnel was filled with acrylic cement /− reinforced with a ligament staple to prevent expulsion. All patients underwent regular follow-up consultations until recovery. Results: At a maximum follow-up of 8 years, only 1 cyst recurred, representing a 7.69% failure rate. It was reoperated with another technique, which involved filling the tibial bone tunnel with bone graft taken from a half-bank head. After recovery

关键词： Arthro-Synovial Cyst Tibial Tunnel ACL Graft Filling Acrylic Cement

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地球科学的大数据、数字孪生与水文学

水利信息化 2024年第4期 99-100页

作者： Tiffany C.Vance Thomas huang kevin A.Butler 包鑫如(编译) 不详

地球科学是研究地球物理、化学和生物系统及其相互作用的庞大而复杂的领域。随着基于地球和卫星的传感器数量和分辨率的提高,地球科学数据的体量呈爆炸式增长,这些数据有助于我们探索地球的复杂现象和变化过程,并推动数据分析、可视化... 详细信息

地球科学是研究地球物理、化学和生物系统及其相互作用的庞大而复杂的领域。随着基于地球和卫星的传感器数量和分辨率的提高,地球科学数据的体量呈爆炸式增长,这些数据有助于我们探索地球的复杂现象和变化过程,并推动数据分析、可视化等技术的发展。将地球科学中的大数据定义为对地球系统开展多种观测和模拟而得到的大量、多样且不断积累的复杂数据,这些数据的分析与应用不仅需要大量可用的计算资源,还需要先进的技术和工具。随着大数据和人工智能的应用与发展,用于发现、分析和可视化大数据的技术和工具不断涌现,如Google Earth.engine,Apache Science Data Analytic Platform,The Pangeo Project等,这些平台具有广泛的地理空间数据和计算能力,显著提升了对地球系统的认知水平。

关键词：大数据人工智能地球科学传感器数量复杂数据地理空间数据 Apache 计算能力

可再生能源发展的影响评价:加拿大西部风能影响及缓解措施的分析(上)

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环境影响评价 2024年第4期46卷 I0003-I0008页

作者： Camila Martins Godinho Bram Noble Greg Poelzer kevin hanna 吴成志(译) 姚胜东(译) 萨斯喀彻温大学地理与规划系加拿大萨斯卡通萨斯喀彻温大学环境与可持续发展学院加拿大萨斯卡通不列颠哥伦比亚大学环境评估研究中心加拿大萨斯卡通三捷环境工程咨询(杭州)有限公司

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用,为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而,对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析,探讨分析了风能项目中通... 详细信息

影响评价在全球能源转型中发挥重要作用,为识别与管理可再生能源项目影响提供理论知识。然而,对于影响评价工作在可再生能源开发方面的实际成效一直存在争议。本文基于对加拿大风能发展影响评价应用的内容分析,探讨分析了风能项目中通常评估的环境和社会影响以及提出的缓解方案。结果显示,包括缓解措施在内,生物物理影响与社会影响之间存在着相当大的不平衡。相比于社会影响,影响评价在生物物理影响方面包含更多的解决办法,其影响与缓解办法的比率为1∶4.3,而社会影响方面仅为1∶1.3。大多数缓解办法侧重于最大限度地减少影响,其次是避免影响,而在时间、实施方法和责任方面描述并不清晰。尽管存在共同影响,但跨项目的缓解措施过于模糊或不精确,无法支持评估中的可转移实践,无法提高效率。改进对可再生能源项目影响和缓解方案的理解,并不断在项目中积累经验,是推进影响评价在向可再生能源过渡中发挥作用的基础。

关键词：影响评价缓解层级风能可再生能源能源转型

“无名英雄”:隔代照料对农村育龄女性非农就业的影响

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农业技术经济 2024年第1期 19-37页

作者：王建英李萍何冰陈志钢浙江财经大学经济学院杭州310018 浙江大学中国农村发展研究院杭州310058

本文基于2014年、2016年和2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,采用包括工具变量法在内的多种内生性处理方法,实证研究隔代照料与农村育龄女性非农就业的因果效应。研究发现:提供隔代照料总体上有助于农村育龄女性非农劳动参与率提升28.2... 详细信息

本文基于2014年、2016年和2018年中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,采用包括工具变量法在内的多种内生性处理方法,实证研究隔代照料与农村育龄女性非农就业的因果效应。研究发现:提供隔代照料总体上有助于农村育龄女性非农劳动参与率提升28.2%、平均每周非农劳动时间延长14.52个小时。异质性分析发现,隔代照料对年龄在30~39岁、初中学历的农村育龄女性的影响效应最大;较“离土型”农村育龄女性而言,隔代照料对“离乡型”农村育龄女性非农就业的积极作用更大;隔代照料对农村育龄女性非农就业的影响效应随儿童年龄的增长显著降低,对有0~2岁学龄前儿童的农村育龄女性非农就业的正向影响最显著;隔代照料对东部地区的农村育龄女性非农就业的影响效应最大,西部次之。据此,本文提出鼓励家庭支持体系构建和婴幼儿托育服务发展并行、依据不同女性群体特点完善女性就业保护制度以减轻农村女性幼儿照料负担的政策建议。

关键词：隔代照料农村育龄女性非农就业异质性

Arthroscopic Treatment of Gonarthrosis in a Low-Income Setting

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 75-82页

作者： kevin Parfait Bienvenu Bouhelo-Pam Affleck Romaric Ledier Angalla Norbert Edgard Lamini N’soundhat Marius Monka Arnauld Sledje Wilfrid Bilongo Bouyou Paul Yèlai Ikounga Térence Olivier Etsaka-Ohoya Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo Faculty of health Sciences Marien N’GOUABI University Brazzaville Congo Department of Rhumatology University Hospital of Brazzaville Brazzaville Congo

Background: Knee osteoarthritis is a frequent, debilitating, and degenerative condition. It is the most common operative indication for surgical arthroscopy. hypothesis: Arthroscopy allows painless treatment of knee osteoarthritis and functional recovery. Patients and Methods: Our study was conducted in a private medical center in the city of Brazzaville in Congo, during the period from September 2020 to February 2023. It was prospective and based on patients with mechanical knee pain caused by osteoarthritis. A mobile arthroscopy device was used. The IKDC and KOOS scores allowed the evaluation of the treatment. Results: Our work involved 15 men and 7 women, with an average age of 39.9 years. Knee osteoarthritis was classified as type 2 according to Ahlbäck in 26 cases (70.27%) and type 3 in 11 cases (29.73%). In 7 patients, arthroscopy revealed lesions not visualized on MRI. Joint lavage was performed in all cases, synovial debridement in 17 cases (45.94%), and extraction of cartilaginous foreign bodies in 10 cases (27.03%). 20 patients were very satisfied with the surgery and 2 moderately satisfied. The EVA, subjective IKDC and KOOS scores were acceptable on a long-term follow-up. Discussion: Arthroscopy is a modern surgical technique for the management of intra-articular lesions of the knee. It relieves pain and stabilizes the degenerative process. A mobile arthroscopy device used here was preferred because of the low cost of installation and production.

关键词： Arthroscopy Surgery Imaging Knee

Designing high-TC superconductors with BCS-inspired screening,density functional theory,and deep-learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2331-2342页

作者： Kamal Choudhary kevin Garrity Material Measurement Laboratory GaithersburgMD20899USA National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899USA Theiss Research La JollaCA92037USA

We develop a multi-step workflow for the discovery of conventional superconductors,starting with a Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer inspired pre-screening of 1736 materials with high Debye temperature and electronic density of ***,we perform electron-phonon coupling calculations for 1058 of them to establish a large and systematic database of BCS superconducting *** the McMillan-Allen-Dynes formula,we identify 105 dynamically stable materials with transition temperatures,TC≥5 ***,we analyze trends in our dataset and individual materials including MoN,VC,VTe,KB_(6),Ru_(3)NbC,V_(3)Pt,ScN,LaN_(2),RuO_(2),and *** demonstrate that deep-learning(DL)models can predict superconductor properties faster than direct first-principles ***,we find that by predicting the Eliashberg function as an intermediate quantity,we can improve model performance versus a direct DL prediction of *** apply the trained models on the crystallographic open database and pre-screen candidates for further DFT calculations.

关键词： database BCS faster