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The families distoseptisporaceae ***.,Kirschsteiniotheliaceae,Sporormiaceae and Torulaceae,with new species from freshwater in Yunnan Province,China

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Fungal diversity 2016年第5期80卷 375-409页

作者： HongYan Su kevin d.hy.e Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Hiran A.Ariyawansa ZongLong Luo Itthayakorn Promputtha Qing Tian ChuanGen Lin QiuJu Shang YongChang Zhao HongMei Chai XiaoYing Liu Ali H.Bahkali Jayarama d.Bhat eric H.C.McKenzie deQun Zhou Faculty of environmental Sciences&engineering Kunming University of Science&TechnologyKunming 650500YunnanChina College of Agriculture and Biology Dali UniversityDaliYunnan 671003China Center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah LuangUniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand departent of Biology Chiang Mai UniversityChiang MaiThailand Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasmic Resources Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650223People’s Republic of China College of Basic Medicine Dali UniversityDaliYunnan 671000China No.128/1-J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.OGoa Velha 403108India department of Botany Goa UniversityGoa 403206India Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand

during a north–south latitudinal survey of aquatic fungi on submerged wood and herbaceous material in streams in the Asian region,we collected several hyphomycetous *** paper is part of a series where we provide illustrated accounts of these taxa and place them in a natural classification in the *** sequence based phylogenies in recent literature have shown that dendryphion,Sporidesmium and Torula-like species are polyphyletic in the phylum Ascomycota and their taxonomyhas been problematic due to a lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to delimit taxa,as well as the lack of ex-type or reference *** on multi-locus phylogenies together with morphology,we propose the novel family distoseptisporaceae(Sordariomycetes)and three novel genera Neotorula(Pleosporales,dothideomycetes),distoseptispora(Sordariomycetes)and Pseudosporidesmium(Sordariomycetes).In addition,dendryphion aquaticum,***,distoseptispora fluminicola,***,Kirschsteiniothelia submersa,Neotorula aquatica,Sporidesmium aquaticum,*** and *** are introduced as new *** knawiae *** proposed to accommodate Sporidesmium knawiae in *** polyphyletic nature of dendryphion,Sporidesmium and Torula-like species are partially resolved,but further sampling with fresh collections and molecular data of species are needed to obtain a natural classification.

关键词： Asexual fungi dothideomycetes Freshwater fungi hyphomycetes New species Phylogeny Sordariomycetes

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21-Gene Assay to Inform Chemotherapy Benefit in Node-Positive Breast Cancer

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四川生理科学杂志 2021年第10期43卷 1756-1756页

作者： kevin Kalinsky From the Winship Cancer Institute at emory University Atlanta (K.K.) Southwest Oncology Group Statistics and data Management Center (W.e.B. D.L.L. J.M.) and the University of Washington School of Medicine–Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (J.R.G.) — both in Seattle the University of Texas M.d. Anderson Cancer Center Houston (F.M.-B. D.T. G.N.H.) Loyola University Chicago Maywood IL (K.S.A.) the University of Michigan Ann Arbor (D.F.H. A.F.S.) dana–Farber Cancer Institute Boston (N.U.L.) Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL (E.A.P.) Fox Chase Cancer Center Philadelphia (L.J.G.) and the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh (P.R.) — both in Pennsylvania BC Cancer–Vancouver Cancer Centre Vancouver (S.K.L.C.) and Juravinski Cancer Centre at Hamilton Health Sciences Hamilton ON (S.D.-T.) — both in Canada UGCI Medical Oncology Hospital Virgen de la Victoria Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga Malaga (E.A.) Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer–Instituto de Salud Carlos III Universidad Complutense Madrid (M.M.) Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío Seville (M.R.-B.) Institut Català d’Oncologia Barcelona (M.G.-G.) Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia Biomedical Research Institute Investigación del Hospital Clínico de la Comunidad Valenciana Valencia (B.B.) and Centro Oncológico de Galicia A Coruña (M.R.-V.) — all in Spain Institut Gustave Roussy (S.d.) and Institut Curie (J.-Y.P.) Paris Institut Curie–Centre Réné Huguenin Saint-Cloud (E.G.C.B.) and Centre Antoine Lacassagne Nice (J.-M.F.) — all in France Mater Misericordiae University Hospital Dublin (C.M.K.) Instituto Nacional de Cancerología de México Mexico City (C.H.A.-S.) the National Cancer Center Korea Goyang-si (E.-S.L.) and Asa Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine Seoul (K.-H.J.) — both in South Korea exact Sciences Redwood City CA (S.S.) the University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City (P.S.) and Yale University New Haven CT

Background:The recurrence score based on the 21-gene breast-cancer assay has been clinically useful in predicting a chemotherapy benefit in hormone-receptor-positive,human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HeR2)-negative,axillary lymphnode-negative breast *** women with positive lymph-node disease,the role of the recurrence score with respect to predicting a benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy is ***:In a prospective trial,we randomly assigned women with hormone-receptor-positive,HeR2-negative breast cancer,one to three positive axillary lymph nodes,and a recurrence score of 25 or lower(scores range from 0 to 100,with higher scores indicating a worse prognosis)to endocrine therapy only or to chemotherapy plus endocrine(chemoendocrine)*** primary objective was to determine the effect of chemotherapy on invasive disease-free survival and whether the effect was influenced by the recurrence *** end points included distant relapse-free survival.

关键词： chemotherapy Breast Cancer

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Phylogenetic placement of Cryptophiale, Cryptophialoidea,Nawawia, Neonawawia gen. nov. and Phialosporostilbe

Phylogenetic placement of Cryptophiale, Cryptophialoidea,Naw...

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多彩菌物美丽中国——中国菌物学会2019年学术年会

作者： Jing Yang Ning-Guo Liu Jian-Kui Liu kevin d.hy.e e.B.Gareth Jones Zuo-Yi Liu Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang University Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Envinonment Naresuan University department of entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of Agriculture Chiang Mai University

during a survey of freshwater fungi in China and Thailand, seven fresh collections representing four species in Chaetosphaeriaceae are described and illustrated based on morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU and ITS sequence data. Cryptophiale udagawae, Cryptophialoidea fasciculata and Nawawia filiformis were re-collected and are reported with the first sequence data. Two collections of Phialosporostilbe from China and Thailand are identified and introduced as a new species named P. scutiformis with the first sequence data for the genus. A new genus Neonawawia is introduced to accommodate ***. New combinations are proposed for the genera Neonawawia and Phialosporostilbe. descriptions and illustrations of the new taxa and identified species are provided. Reference specimens of Cryptophiale udagawae,Cryptophialoidea fasciculata and Nawawia filiformis are designated in this study. Phylogenetic placements of the genera Cryptophiale, Cryptophialoidea, Nawawia, Neonawawia and Phialosporostilbe are discussed.

关键词： 2 new taxa Asexual fungi Chaetosphaeriaceae Reference specimens Sordariomycetes Taxonomy

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The world’s ten most feared fungi

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Fungal diversity 2018年第6期93卷 161-194页

作者： kevin d.hy.e Abdullah M.S.Al-Hatmi Birgitte Andersen Teun Boekhout Walter Buzina Thomas L.dawson Jr. dan C.eastwood e.B.Gareth Jones Sybren de Hoog Yingqian Kang Joyce e.Longcore eric H.C.McKenzie Jacques F.Meis Laetitia Pinson-Gadais Achala R.Rathnayaka Florence Richard-Forget Marc Stadler Bart Theelen Benjarong Thongbai Clement K.M.Tsui Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of east Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Ministry of Health Directorate General of Health ServicesIbriOman department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark Institute for Biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics(IBed) University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute UtrechtThe Netherlands R&d Institute for hygiene Microbiology and Environmental MedicineMedical University GrazNeue Stiftingtalstrasse 68010 GrazAustria Institute for Medical Biology(IMB) Agency for ScienceTechnologyand Research(A_(*)STAR)SingaporeSingapore departments of drug discovery and Biomedical Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Center for Cell DeathInjury and RegenerationMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSCUSA department of Bioscience Academic Office102First FloorWallace BuildingSwansea UniversitySingleton CampusSwanseaWalesUK Centre of expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital(CWZ) NijmegenThe Netherlands Portsmouth Hampshire PO53DHUK department of Microbiology and the Key Laboratory of Proteomics Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina School of Biology and ecology University of MaineOronoME 04469USA Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research Private Bag 92170AucklandNew Zealand department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious diseases Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital(CWZ)NijmegenThe Netherlands INRA UR1264 MycSA71 av Edouard Bourlaux2003233882 Villenave D’Ornon CedexFrance department Microbial drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection Researchand German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF)Partner Site Hannover-BraunschweigInhoffenstraße 738124 BraunschweingGermany department of Pathology Sidra MedicineDohaQatar department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Weill Corne

An account is provided of the world’s ten most feared *** areas of interest,we have organized the entries in the order of *** put four human pathogens first as this is of concern to most *** is followed by fungi producing mycotoxins that are highly harmful for humans;Aspergillus flavus,the main producer of aflatoxins,was used as an *** due to indoor air fungi may also directly affect our health and we use Stachybotrys chartarum as an *** everyone collects and eats edible ***,fatalities caused by mushroom intoxications often make news headlines and therefore we include one of the most poisonous of all mushrooms,Amanita phalloides,as an *** then move on to the fungi that damage our dwellings causing serious anxiety by rotting our timber structures and *** lacrymans,which causes dry rot is an excellent *** next example serves to represent all plant and forest *** we chose Austropuccinia psidii as it is causing devastating effects in Australia and will probably do likewise in New ***,we chose an important amphibian pathogen which is causing serious declines in the numbers of frogs and other amphibians *** we target the top ten most feared fungi,numerous others are causing serious concern to human health,plant production,forestry,other animals and our factories and *** highlighting ten feared fungi as an example,we aim to promote public awareness of the cost and importance of fungi.

关键词： Aflatoxicosis Batrachochytrium Candida auris Frog decline Poisonous fungi Human pathogens Indoor fungi Forest pathogens Wood decay

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dISCOMYCeTeS: the apothecial representatives of the phylum Ascomycota

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Fungal diversity 2017年第6期87卷 237-298页

作者： A.H.ekanayaka H.A.Ariyawansa K.d.hy.e e.B.G.Jones d.A.daranagama A.J.L.Phillips S.Hongsanan S.C.Jayasiri Qi Zhao Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of east Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology College of Bio-resources and AgricultureNational Taiwan UniversityNo.1Sec.4Roosevelt RoadTaipei 106TaiwanROC department of entomology and Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Faculty of Sciences Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI)University of LisbonCampo Grande1749-016 LisbonPortugal Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural ScienceKunming 650221YunnanPeople’s Republic of China

discomycetes are an artificial grouping of apothecia-producing fungi in the phylum ***-based studies have revealed that the discomycetes can be found among ten classes of *** classification of discomycetes has been a major challenge due to the lack of a clear understanding of the important morphological characters,as well as a lack of reference *** this review,we provide a historical perspective of discomycetes,notes on their morphology(including both asexual and sexual morphs),ecology and importance,an outline of discomycete families and a synoptical cladogram of currently accepted families in Ascomycota showing their systematic *** also calculated evolutionary divergence times for major discomycetous taxa based on phylogenetic relationships using a combined LSU,SSU and RPB2 data set from 175 strains and fossil *** results confirm that discomycetes are found in two major subphyla of the Ascomycota:Taphrinomycotina and *** taxonomic placement of major discomycete taxa is briefly *** most basal group of discomycetes is the class Neolectomycetes,which diverged from other Taphrinomycotina around 417 MYA(216–572),and the most derived group of discomycetes,the class Lecanoromycetes,diverged from eurotiomycetes around 340 MYA(282–414).Further clarifications based on type specimens,designation of epitypes or reference specimens from fresh collections,and multi-gene analyses are needed to determine the taxonomic arrangement of many discomycetes.

关键词： Asci amyloidity Lichenized discomycetes Non-operculate discomycetes Operculate discomycetes

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Assessing Spatial Patterns of Plant Communities at Varying Stages of Succession

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Applied Mathematics 2014年第12期5卷 1842-1851页

作者： kevin Aagaard Gregg Hartvigsen department of Biology SUNY Geneseo Geneseo USA department of ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick USA

There is a well known connection between the structural complexity of vegetative stands and ecosystem properties. developing methods to quantify this structural complexity is an important goal for ecologists. We present an efficient and easily implemented field technique for calculating the shape of forest canopies, and the shape of forest stands as succession occurs, using fractal geometry. Fractal geometry can be used to describe complex, non-euclidean objects that are common in natural systems. We tested the use of this tool in 22 vegetative and forested plots in Western New York State, USA. We found an asymptotic relationship for fractal dimension (d) as a function of basal area (BA;r2= 0.68). In a randomization test to investigate the robustness of d to different tree canopy shapes, we found that d was sensitive to canopy shape switching, suggesting that the method is able to differentiate among similar forests comprised of species having different shaped crowns. We conclude that the shape is conserved in vegetative areas as they progress from one stage of succession to the next (range of mean d: 2.56 to 2.68 across stages). Furthermore, we conclude that the shape filling properties—i.e., distribution of trunks and limbs in a forested area, measured as mean distance—are also conserved across vegetational chronosequences (F = 1.3189, df = 8, 3, p = 0.3341).

关键词： ecological Succession Fractal dimension Vegetational Chronosequence Crown Shape Statistical Modeling

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Phylogenetic relationships and morphological reappraisal of Melanommataceae(Pleosporales)

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Fungal diversity 2015年第5期74卷 267-324页

作者： Qing Tian Jian Kui Liu kevin d.hy.e dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Saranyaphat Boonmee Subashini C.Jayasiri Zong Long Luo Joanne e.Taylor Alan J.L.Phillips darbhe J.Bhat Wen Jing Li Hiran Ariyawansa Kasun M.Thambugala eBGareth Jones Putarak Chomnunti Ali H.Bahkali Jian Chu Xu erio Camporesi Key Laboratory for Plant diversity and Biogeography of east Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China World Agroforestry Centre East and Central AsiaKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Center for Mountain ecosystem Studies Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Center of excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyang 550006GuizhouChina Royal Botanic Garden edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburgh EH35LRUK UCIBIO Faculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade Nova de Lisboa2829-516 CaparicaPortugal Formerly Department of BotanyGoa UniversityGoa-403206India Res:No.128/1–J Azad Housing SocietyCurcaP.O.Goa Velha-403108India department of Botany and Microbiology College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box:2455Riyadh 1145Saudi Arabia A.M.B.Gruppo Micologico Forlivese BAntonio Cicognani Via Roma 18ForlìItaly A.M.B.Circolo Micologico BGiovanni Carini C.P.314 BresciaItaly Societàper gli Studi Naturalistici della Romagna C.P.144 BagnacavalloRAItaly

The family Melanommataceae is widespread in temperate and subtropical regions and species invariably occur on twigs or bark of various woody plants in terrestrial,marine or freshwater *** this paper,the type species of 26 genera of the family are re-described and illustrated.A multi-gene phylogeny based on maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of LSU,SSU,RPB2 and eF-1αsequence data of species of Melanommataceae is *** new genera,Muriformistrickeria,Pseudostrickeria and Thysanolaenae are *** is synonymized under ***,Astrosphaeriella,Beverwykella,Caryosporella,Sporidesmiella and Pseudotrichia are excluded from Melanommataceae based on molecular phylogenetic ***,20 genera are accepted in *** on the phylogenetic data,five new species,Byssosphaeria siamensis,Herpotrichia vaginatispora,Pseudostrickeria muriformis,Pseudostrickeria ononidis and Muriformistrickeria rubi,are introduced.

关键词： Byssosphaeria Herpotrichia Multi-gene Phylogeny Muriformistrickeria New species Pseudostrickeria Taxonomy Thysanolaenae Type

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Severe COVId-19 patients exhibit an ILC2 NKG2d^(+) population in their impaired ILC compartment

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第2期18卷 484-486页

作者： Alejandra Gomez-Cadena Laurie Spehner Marie Kroemer Myriam Ben Khelil kevin Bouiller Grégory Verdeil Sara Trabanelli Christophe Borg Romain Loyon Camilla Jandus department of Pathology and Immunology University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerlandand Ludwig Institute for Cancer ResearchLausanneSwitzerland University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté INSERMEFS BFCUMR1098RIGHT Interactions Greffon-Hôte-Tumeur/Ingénierie Cellulaire et GéniqueF-25000BesançonFrance department of Pharmacy University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance department of Infectious disease University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance UMR-CNRS 6249 Chrono-environment UniversitéBourgogne Franche-ComtéF-25000BesançonFrance department of Oncology UNIL-CHUVUniversity of Lausanne1066EpalingesSwitzerland department of Medical Oncology University Hospital of BesançonF-25000BesançonFrance

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is responsible for the current COVId-19 disease *** some patients,the symptoms are mild,and a fraction of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals develop severe illness with a high fatality rate due to lung damage and acute respiratory distress syndrome.1 Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a recently identified type of effector immune cells that rapidly sense environmental stimuli and participate in early immune responses by promptly secreting large amounts of cytokines.2 The ILC2 subpopulation was shown to mediate Type 2 responses and to recruit eosinophils during viral lung infections upon the release of alarmins(e.g.,IL-33)by damaged epithelial cells.3,4,5 ILC2s were also shown to participate in the termination of inflammatory responses and tissue repair by amphiregulin *** addition,ILC2s are critical in the early phases of allergic lung inflammation,including that induced by the protease allergen papain.6 Based on the essential function of the papain-like protease PLpro in regulating SARS-CoV-27(Fig.1a)and the severe lung damage caused by this virus,we sought to investigate the potential involvement of ILC2s in immune responses to COVId-19.

关键词： impaired patients acute

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Identification and optimization of a potent and highly selective d3 dopamine receptor agonist

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 950-951页

作者： Amy e MORITZ R Benjamin FRee Warren WeINeR Muzna BACHANI Trevor dOYLe Noel SOUTHALL Marc FeRReR Jonathan A JAVITCH Joseph STeINeR Ara ABRAMYAN Lei SHI Jeffrey AUBé kevin FRANKOWSKI david R SIBLeY Molecular Neuropharmacology Section National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20814 University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC27599 Neurotherapeutic development Unit National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20814 National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Rockville MD 20892 Columbia University New York NY 10032 Computational Chemistry and Molecular Biophysics Unit Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health Baltimore MD 21224

OBJeCTIVe dopamine receptors(dRs) are involved in the development and treatment of many neuropsychiatric *** available dopaminergic drugs modulate both dRd2 and dRd3,leading to side effects and uncertainty as to the roles each dR subtype plays *** lab employed high throughput screening paradigms to discover highly selective modulators for the *** The NIH Molecular Libraries Program 400,000 + small molecule library was screened using the discove Rx Path Hunter?β-arrestin assay for compounds that activate the dRd3 without effects on the *** and counter-screens assessed selectivity and mechanisms of *** identified 62 potential agonists,and chose the most promising to perform a structure-activity relationship(SAR) study to increase potency while maintaining *** lead compound identified through this process,ML417,was also characterized using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer(BReT)-based β-arrestin recruitment and G-protein activation assays as well as p-eRK *** neuroprotective properties of this compound were assessed using a SHSY5 Y neuronal cell *** ML417 displays potent,dRd3-selective agonist activity in multiple functional *** and functional GPCR screens(>165 receptors) show ML417 has limited cross-reactivity with other ***417 also displays superior(compared to the reference compound pramipexole),dose-dependent protection against a decrease in neurite length induced by 10 μmol·L^(-1) of the neurotoxin,6-hydroxydopamine,in the SHSY5 Y cell *** We have discovered and characterized ML417,a potent and highly selective dRd3 *** compound will be useful as a research tool,and may prove useful as a therapeutic drug lead.

关键词： dopamine receptor high throughput screening subtype selectivity neuroprotection

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The impact of Hurricane Maria on Puerto Rico’s health system:post-disaster perceptions and experiences of health care providers and administrators

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Global Health Research and Policy 2021年第1期6卷 54-64页

作者： Sheilla L.Rodríguez-Madera Nelson Varas-díaz Mark Padilla kevin Grove Kariela Rivera-Bustelo Jeffrey Ramos Violeta Contreras-Ramirez Sergio Rivera-Rodríguez Ricardo Vargas-Molina Jose Santini department of Global and Sociocultural Studies School of International and Public AffairsFlorida International University11200 SW 8th StreetSIPA#334MiamiFL 33199USA Social Sciences department Medical Sciences CampusUniversity of Puerto Rico(UPR)San JuanPRUSA School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences Ponce Health Science UniversityPoncePRUSA department of Community Health and Health Policy City University of New YorkNew YorkUSA Center for evaluation and Sociomedical Sciences Medical Sciences CampusUPRSan JuanPRUSA Health and Acupuncture for the People Project PRUSA

Background:After its landfall in Puerto Rico in 2017,Hurricane Maria caused the longest blackout in United States history,producing cascading effects on a health care system that had already been weakened by decades of public sector austerity and neoliberal health *** article addresses how health care professionals and administrators experienced the health care system’s collapse and the strategies used by them to meet their communities’health ***:data were collected between September 2018 and February *** observations in health care facilities and semi-structured qualitative interviews with representatives of the health care system were *** paper focuses on data from interviews with health care providers(n=10)and administrators(n=10),and an ethnographic visit to a pop-up community *** analysis consisted of systematic thematic coding of the interview transcripts and ethnographic field ***:Results provide insight on how participants,who witnessed first-hand the collapse of Puerto Rico’s health care system,responded to the crisis after *** prolonged power outage and lack of a disaster management plan were partly responsible for the death of 3,052 individuals who experienced extended interruptions in access to medical *** reported a sense of abandonment by the government and feelings of *** also described the health sector as chaotic and lacking clear guidelines on how to provide services or cope with personal crises while working under extreme *** such circumstances,they developed resilient responses to meet communities’health needs(e.g.,itinerant acupuncture services,re-locating physicians to local pharmacies).Conclusions:Participants’narratives emphasize that the management of Hurricane Maria was fraught with political and economic constraints affecting Puerto *** planning and post-Maria responses of the local and federal governments were determinants of

关键词： Health care system Post-disaster Health care providers Resilience Puerto Rico

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