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Neuron-to-astrocyte proteostatic stress signaling in response to tau pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 505-506页

作者： kevin Llewelyn Batenburg wiep Scheper Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Human GeneticsAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Functional Genomics Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Maintenance of protein homeostasis or“proteostasis”is essential for the functioning and viability of *** is in particular the case for cells like neurons that cannot self-renew and acquire unique functional properties during their *** proteostatic stress responses are in place to protect cells from damage in case of proteostatic *** integrated stress response(ISR)is one of the key proteostatic stress responses in the cell(Costa-Mattioli and walter,2020).The ISR is the downstream convergence point for the four stress-induced eIF2αkinases(EIF2AK1-4)that control stress-regulated protein translation via phosphorylation of the translation factor eIF2α.ISR activation results in a transient reduction of global translation while it concomitantly enhances the translation of specific mRNAs,including that encoding the activating transcription factor 4(ATF4).Together,the translational control mediated by the ISR results in a temporary reduction of the overall protein load and the selectively increased expression of proteins that contribute to restoration of the proteostatic balance.

关键词： translation stress Together

Source of metals related to gold occurrences in Cameroon, Central African Belt

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 308-324页

作者： kevin Igor Azeuda Ndonfack Jinlin Zhang Yuling Xie NSamiratou Yaya Emmanuel Archelaus Afanga Basua JCHX Mining Management Co. LtdBeijing 101500People’s Republic of China Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesBeijing 100037People’s Republic of China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Department of Earth Science University of BamendaBamendaRepublic of Cameroon

Suites of granitic and metamorphic rocks form a perfect geological environment in which to investigate the source of metals related to gold *** the East Province of Cameroon,the source of metals-related gold(grade~4.6 g/t)that occurs within metamorphic and granitic rocks remains *** host rocks were subjected to XRF and ICP-MS whole-rock geochemistry and BSE/EDS mineral analyses to investigate the source(s)of metals related to gold in the ***,chalcopyrite-pyrite and magnetite-ilmenite are the main sulfi des and oxides of granites,*** low-grade metamorphic rocks are sulfi de-rich consisting of arsenopyrite,chalcopyrite,pyrite,and sphalerite,and oxides include magnetite,ilmenite,hematite,and ***,Ni,Co,Sb,Sc,and Zn concentrations depleted in high-grade metamorphic rocks and granites compared to low-grade metamorphic *** well,Bi,Cd,Co,Cu,Ni,Sb,V,w,and Zn concentrations decrease with increasing temperatures from low-grade rocks to high-grade rocks and *** suite of depleted elements in high-grade rocks and granites is almost identical to those enriched in gold *** conclude that metals(Bi,Cd,Co,Cu,Ni,Sb,and Zn)related to gold mineralization in the East Province of Cameroon likely originated from metal-rich low-grade metamorphic rocks during prograde metamorphic processes prior to partial melting.

关键词： East Province of Cameroon Metamorphic rocks Granites Oxide–sulﬁdes Metal and gold Geochemistry

Potential transformation of organic matter by microbes in cryoconite,Tibetan Plateau

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1978-1989页

作者： Bixi GUO Yongqin LIU kevin Xu ZHONG Quan SHI Chen HE Qiang ZHENG Ruanhong CAI State key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for the Pan-Third Pole Environment Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Earth Oceanand Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada State key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing Petroleum Molecules Engineering Center(PMEC)China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science Collage of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Fujian key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Microorganisms play an essential role in the glacier carbon cycle;how they transform organic matter in mountain glacial cryoconite remains to be ***,we applied ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)and deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene,to investigate the temporal microbial transformation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)of the Tibetan Plateau *** the 60-day incubation,we found that DOM in cryoconite underwent a three-stage transformation,with decreasing bioavailability over *** microbial community did not change much in the first week while degrading DOM molecules that were associated with higher H/C_(wa)and lower O/C_(wa).During days 15-30,DOM composition remained stable while microbial diversity *** day 60,the DOM was microbially converted into a higher state of recalcitrance,with higher values of aromatic index,O/C_(wa),and lower H/C_(wa),which contained molecules containing more *** among various microbial taxa,like Cyanobacteria,Bacteroidota,Gammaproteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Actinobacteriota,drove the DOM transformation in *** study sheds light on the in-situ transformation of DOM composition meditated by microbial populations in cryoconite at a temporal scale,providing new insights into understanding the microbial roles in the glacier organic carbon transformation.

关键词： Cryoconite Dissolved organic matter Biodegradation Microbial community Temporal variation

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Rational Design and Construction of a CdS QDs/InVO4 Atomic-Layer（110）/（110） Facet S-Scheme Heterojunction for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of C2H4

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第3期7卷 215-222页

作者： Yuanpeng Dong Peizhu Ji Xinyue Xu Rong Li Yin wang kevin Peter Homewood Xiaohong Xia Yun Gao Xuxing Chen Ministry of Education key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials School of Materials Science&Engineering Hubei University Hubei key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Hubei University of Arts and Science State key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter Chinese Academy of Sciences United water (Xianning) Company Limited

Exploring high efficiency S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts with strong redox ability for removing volatile organic compounds from the air is of great interest and ***,how to predict and regulate the transport of photogenerated carriers in heterojunctions is a great ***,density functional theory calculations were first used to successfully predict the formation of a CdS quantum dots/InVO4atomic-layer （110）/（110） facet S-scheme ***,a CdS quantum dots/InVO4atomic-layer was synthesized by in-situ loading of CdS quantum dots with （110） facets onto the（110） facets of *** a result of the deliberately constructed built-in electric field between the adjoining facets,we obtain a remarkably enhanced photocatalytic degradation rate for *** rate is 13.8 times that of pure CdS and 13.2 times that of pure ***-situ irradiated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence measurements were carried *** experiments validate that the built-in electric field enhanced the dissociation of photoexcited excitons and the separation of free charge carriers,and results in the formation of S-scheme charge transfer *** reaction mechanism of the photocatalytic C2H4oxidation is investigated by in-situ electron paramagnetic *** work provides a mechanistic insight into the construction and optimization of semiconductor heterojunction photocatalysts for application to environmental remediation.

关键词： CdS QDs InVO4 atomic-layer photocatalysis S-scheme volatile organic compounds

Indications of pro-inflammatory cytokines in laparoscopic and open liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 257-264页

作者： kevin Tak-Pan Ng Li Pang Jia-Qi wang wong Hoi She Simon Hing-Yin Tsang Chung Mau Lo Kwan Man Tan To Cheung Department of Surgery HKU-SZH&School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina State key Laboratory of Liver Research The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Our clinical practice of laparoscopic liver resection(LLR)had achieved better short-term and long-term benefits for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)over open liver resection(OLR),but the underlying mechanisms are not *** study was to find out whether systemic inflammation plays an important ***:A total of 103 patients with early-stage HCC under liver resection were enrolled(LLR group,n=53;OLR group,n=50).The expression of 9 inflammatory cytokines in patients at preoperation,postoperative day 1(POD1)and POD7 was quantified by Luminex Multiplex *** relationships of the cytokines and the postoperative outcomes were compared between LLR and ***:Seven of the circulating cytokines were found to be significantly upregulated on POD1 after LLR or OLR compared to their preoperative *** to OLR,the POD1 levels of granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-8,and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)in the LLR group were significantly *** POD1 levels of these cytokines were significantly correlated with longer operative time and higher volume of blood loss during *** levels of these cytokines were positively associated with postoperative liver injury,and the length of hospital ***,a high level of IL-6 at POD1 was a risk factor for HCC recurrence and poor disease-free survival after liver ***:Significantly lower level of GM-CSF,IL-6,IL-8,and MCP-1 after liver resection represented a milder systemic inflammation which might be an important mechanism to offer better short-term and long-term outcomes in LLR over OLR.

关键词： Laparoscopic liver resection Open liver resection Hepatocellular carcinoma Postoperative cytokines Inflammatory responses

Genetic analyses of ancient tea trees provide insights into the breeding history and dissemination of Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis ***)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第2期46卷 229-237页

作者： Miao-Miao Li Muditha K.Meegahakumbura Moses C.wambulwa kevin S.Burgess Michael Möller Zong-Fang Shen De-Zhu Li Lian-Ming Gao CAS key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China Germplasm Bank of wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming650201China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201YunnanChina Department of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla90000Sri Lanka Department of Life Sciences School of Science and ComputingSouth Eastern Kenya University170-90200KituiKenya Department of Biology Columbus State UniversityUniversity System of GeorgiaColumbusGA31907-5645USA Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 20A Inverleith RowEdinburghEH35LRScotlandUK Lijiang Forest Biodiversity National Observation and Research Station Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesLijiang674100YunnanChina

Chinese Assam tea(Camellia sinensis ***)is an important tea crop with a long history of cultivation in Yunnan,*** its potential value as a genetic resource,its genetic diversity and domestication/breeding history remain *** address this issue,we genotyped 469 ancient tea plant trees representing 26 *** *** populations,plus two of its wild relatives(six and three populations of *** and ***,respectively)using 16 nuclear microsatellite *** showed that Chinese Assam tea has a relatively high,but comparatively lower gene diversity(H_(S)=0.638)than the wild relative ***(H_S=0.658).Clustering in STRUCTURE indicated that Chinese Assam tea and its two wild relatives formed distinct genetic groups,with considerable interspecific *** Chinese Assam tea accessions clustered into three gene pools,corresponding well with their geographic ***,New Hybrids analysis indicated that 68.48%of ancient Chinese Assam tea plants from Xishuangbanna were genetic intermediates between the Puer and Lincang gene *** addition,10%of the ancient Chinese Assam tea individuals were found to be hybrids between Chinese Assam tea and *** results suggest that Chinese Assam tea was domesticated separately in three gene pools(Puer,Lincang and Xishuangbanna)in the Mekong River valley and that the hybrids were subsequently selected during the domestication *** the domestication history of Chinese Assam tea in southwestern Yunnan remains complex,our results will help to identify valuable genetic resources that may be useful in future tea breeding programs.

关键词： Tea plant Hybrid origin Genetic diversity Domestication history Camellia sinensis var.assamica Camellia taliensis

Poisoning effect of polyvinyl chloride on the catalytic pyrolysis of mixed plastics over zeolites

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2265-2273页

作者： Jiangchun Yuan wenjie wang weixiao Sun Zhirong Yang Yueqiang Cao wenyao Chen Xiaohu Ge Gang Qian Xiang Feng Xuezhi Duan Xinggui Zhou kevin M.Van Geem Jing Zhang State key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Laboratory for Chemical Technology(LCT) Department of MaterialsTextiles and Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering&ArchitectureGhent UniversityZwijnaarde B-9052Belgium State key Lab of Heavy Oil Processing China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

Nowadays,the chemical recycling is applied for only 1%of total waste plastics,largely due to contaminants in plastic waste and difficulty in product *** the major contaminant,polyvinyl chloride(PVC)often forms corrosive hydrogen chloride(HCl)during the chemical recycling,which may cause severe catalyst deactivation and equipment ***,the investigation on catalytic pyrolysis(the major route for plastics chemical recycling)of the PVC containing mixed plastics has been rarely ***,catalytic co-pyrolysis of PVC and polyethylene(PE)was studied over an aromatization catalyst,Pt/ZSM-5,since the basic building block aromatics are desired products from plastics chemical *** poisoning effect of PVC vapor on the catalyst stability was explored by collective efforts of thorough product analysis and catalyst *** was found that the HCl evolving from PVC has an autocatalytic effect that promotes the scission of dehydrochlorinated PVC,resulting in the high yield of benzene and acetylene from *** the other hand,the presence of PVC suppressed the aromatics formation from PE,largely due to the poisoning effect of PVC-derived HCl on the Pt/*** deactivation is irreversible as evidenced by the decreased zeolite crystallinity and the loss of strong acid sites that are key to the aromatization,possibly due to the removal of framework Al upon the interaction with *** modification with octadecylphosphonic acid only slightly alleviated the PVC poisoning *** insights on the PVC poisoning of zeolite catalysts provided in this work may guide the process design of chemical recycling of PVC containing waste plastics.

关键词： polyvinyl chloride polyethylene zeolite aromatics deactivation

Luteolin， a common flavone in vegetables， acts as a hormetin possessing neurotrophic function: signaling mediated by inducing mitochondrial stress

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Food Science and Human wellness 2024年

作者： Alex Xiong Gao Tracy Chenxi Xia Maggie Suisui Guo Gary Kawing Yuen kevin Qiyun wu Tina Tingxia Dong Karl wah-Keung Tsim Shenzhen key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources， HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine， The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

This study aims to uncover the hormetic process of luteolin， a common dietary flavone， in neuronal cells through its role in inducing mitochondrial stress. In rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells， luteolin at low concentrations caused a mild and reversible loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP)， while high concentrations of luteolin triggered intense and sustained depolarization of MMP. The MMP disturbance was shown to have a close association with the trophic and/or toxic effects triggered by luteolin; because the common mitochondrial uncouplers shared similar bi-phase dose-response on cell viability， as that of luteolin. Along with the induced MMP pertubation， luteolin triggered the development of autophagy and mitophagy， as determined by mCherry-GFP-LC3B tandem protein， and by the co-localization of mitochondrial/lysosomal staining. Subsequent application of autophagy inhibitors in the cultures blocked the luteolin-induced neurotrophic activities and sensitized the cells to be less resistant to luteolin-mediated cytotoxicity. Other flavonoids also displayed similar properties in the cultures， indicating that these compounds act as hormetic pharmacological inducers that stimulate cells to become more resilient and adapt to threats. This study provides a unifying mechanistic explanation for the neuro-beneficial effects of luteolin and other flavonoids.

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CD8+T cell metabolic flexibility elicited by CD28-ARS2 axisdriven alternative splicing of PKM supports antitumor immunity

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第3期21卷 260-274页

作者： G.Aaron Holling Colin A.Chavel Anand P.Sharda Mackenzie M.Lieberman Caitlin M.James Shivana M.Lightman Jason H.Tong Guanxi Qiao Tiffany R.Emmons Thejaswini Giridharan Shengqi Hou Andrew M.Intlekofer Richard M.Higashi Teresa w.M.Fan Andrew N.Lane kevin H.Eng Brahm H.Segal Elizabeth A.Repasky Kelvin P.Lee Scott H.Olejniczak Department of Immunology Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Department of Medicine Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY 10065USA Center for Environmental Systems Biochemistry Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology and Markey Cancer CenterLexingtonKY 40536USA Department of Cancer Genetics and Genomics Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNY 14263USA Present address:University of Colorado Boulder BoulderCO 80309USA Present address:Dana Farber Cancer Institute BostonMA 02215USA Present address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA 02139USA Present address:Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202USA

Metabolic flexibility has emerged as a critical determinant of CD8+T-cell antitumor activity,yet the mechanisms driving the metabolic flexibility of T cells have not been *** this study,we investigated the influence of the nuclear cap-binding complex(CBC)adaptor protein ARS2 on mature T *** doing so,we discovered a novel signaling axis that endows activated CD8+T cells with flexibility of glucose ***2 upregulation driven by CD28 signaling reinforced splicing factor recruitment to pre-mRNAs and affected approximately one-third of T-cell activation-induced alternative splicing *** these effects,the CD28-ARS2 axis suppressed the expression of the M1 isoform of pyruvate kinase in favor of PKM2,a key determinant of CD8+T-cell glucose utilization,interferon gamma production,and antitumor effector ***,PKM alternative splicing occurred independently of CD28-driven PI3K pathway activation,revealing a novel means by which costimulation reprograms glucose metabolism in CD8+T cells.

关键词： Immunometabolism mRNA splicing CD8 T cells ARS2 PKM2