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Identification and initial characterization of the 3＇ end of gene transcripts encoding putative members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera

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Insect Science 2012年第1期19卷 64-74页

作者： Stephen F. Garczynski kevin w. wanner Thomas R. Unruh USDA-ARS Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory Wapato Washington Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology Montana State University Bozeman Montana USA

Semiochemicals, including pheromones and kairomones, used in pest man- agement programs reduce the need for chemical insecticides, and understanding their interactions w.th their membrane receptors may help make them more effective in the field. Identification of odorant receptors in the Lepidoptera has mainly been achieved us- ing bioinformatics to search DNA sequences generated by genome or expressed sequence tag （EST） sequencing projects. This study reports a rapid method to identify members of the pheromone receptor subfamily in Lepidoptera. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers w.re designed against a conserved amino acid sequence in the carboxyl terminus of know. lepidopteran pheromone receptors, and the primers w.re used in a 3＇ rapid amplifica- tion of complementary DNA （cDNA） ends procedure. Polymerase chain reaction products generated from seven different lepidopteran species w.re TA cloned and sequenced. The cDNA sequences of 25 transcripts w.re determined to encode potential members of the pheromone receptor subfamily. These cDNAs ranged from 238 to 642 bp and encoded 49-54 amino acids of the carboxyl terminus. Analysis of the 3＇ untranslated region reveals that most of the transcripts contain multiple polyadenylation signal sequences, and in the case ofManduca sexta, an alternate polyadenylation signal appears to be used in transcript processing. The 3＇ untranslated region w.s also useful in determining unique receptors en- coded by transcripts having highly similar nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Overall, this technique provides a complementary method of pheromone receptor identification in EST sequencing projects, or can be used as a stand-alone method in conjunction w.th 5＇ rapid amplification of cDNA ends procedures.

关键词： degenerate primer PCR odorant receptor pheromone receptor polyadeny- lation signals 3' untranslated region

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A thermodynamic perspective on electrode poisoning in solid oxide fuel cells

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第6期31卷 1449-1455页

作者： kevin Huang Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaUSA

A critical challenge to the commercialization of clean and high-efficiency solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC)technology is the insuf-ficient stack lifespan caused by a variety of degradation mechanisms,w.ich are associated w.th cell components and chemical *** components related degradation refers to thermal/chemical/electrochemical deterioration of cell materials under operating conditions,w.ereas the latter regards impurities in feedstocks of oxidant(air)and reductant(fuel).This article provides a thermodynamic perspective on the understanding of the impurities-induced degradation mechanisms in *** discussion focuses on using thermodynamic ana-lysis to elucidate poisoning mechanisms in cathodes by impurity species such as Cr,CO_(2),H_(2)O,and SO_(2) and in the anode by species such as S(or H_(2)S),SiO_(2),and P_(2)(or PH_(3)).The author hopes the presented fundamental insights can provide a theoretical foundation for search-ing for better technical solutions to address the critical degradation challenges.

关键词： impurities air fuel reaction activity

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Reduction of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord follow.ng repetitive blast-induced traumatic brain injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1548-1552页

作者： Shigeharu Tsuda Mustafa Golam Jiamei Hou kevin K.w.w.ng Floyd J.Thompson Prodip Bose Brain Rehabilitation Research Center Malcom Randall VA Medical CenterNorth Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health SystemGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Anesthesiology College of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Emergency Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neuroscience University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neurology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Traumatic brain inju ry-induced unfavorable outcomes in human patients have independently been associated w.th dysregulated levels of monoamines,especially epinephrine,although few.preclinical studies have examined the epinephrine level in the central nervous system after traumatic brain *** has been show. to regulate the activities of spinal motoneurons as w.ll as increase the heart rate,blood pressure,and blood flow.to the hindlimb ***,the purpose of the present study w.s to determine the impact of repeated blast-induced traumatic brain injury on the epinephrine levels in seve ral function-s pecific central nervous system regions in *** three repeated blast injuries at 3-day intervals,the hippocampus,motor cortex,locus coeruleus,vestibular nuclei,and lumbar spinal cord w.re harvested at post-injury day eight and processed for epinephrine assays using a high-sensitive electrochemical detector cou pled w.th high-performance liquid *** results show.d that the epinephrine levels w.re significantly decreased in the lumbar spinal cord tissues of blast-induced traumatic brain injury animals compared to the levels detected in age-and sex-matched sham *** other function-specific central nervous system regions,although the epinephrine levels w.re slightly altered follow.ng blast-induced tra u matic brain injury,they w.re not statistically *** results suggest that blast injury-induced significant dow.regulation of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord could negatively impact the motor and cardiovascular *** is the first repo rt to show.altered epinephrine levels in the spinal cord follow.ng repetitive mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury.

关键词： balance blood flow cardiovascular system central nervous system epinephrine ischemic damage lumbar spinal cord muscle tone repeated blast spasticity traumatic brain injury

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Management of a Retained Epidural Catheter in a Pregnant Patient: A Case Report and Review.of Literature

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第8期14卷 175-183页

作者： kevin w. Tang Mingzhuo Pei Aamod George Antoine Anderson Ming Xiong Rutgers New.Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Care Rutgers New Jersey Medical School Newark New Jersey USA

Background: Epidural anesthesia is an effective intervention to treat labor pain and provide analgesia for orthopedic procedures. A rare complication of this technique is epidural catheter retention. Case Presentation: In this case report, w. present an otherw.se healthy 21-year-old G2P0010 w.man at 39 w.eks and 3 days gestation w.ose anesthetic management w.s complicated by a symptomatic retained epidural catheter fragment. Computed tomography (CT) imaging of her spine show.d the fractured catheter w.thin her paraspinal muscles and neurosurgery recommended no surgical intervention at that time. The patient reported resolution of back pain w.ile in the postpartum unit w.ich she continues to endorse tw. w.eks after discharge. Conclusion: Retained epidural catheter is a medical emergency that requires immediate imaging and neurological evaluation. w.ile magnetic resonance imaging is typically regarded as the standard imaging modality for this complication, in epidural sets that contain metallic components, w. suggest using CT to avoid the risk of thermal nerve damage. In cases w.ere the patient does not report any acute complaints, nonsurgical management may be appropriate but close follow.up is required to monitor for catheter migration.

关键词： Epidural Obstetric Anesthesia Neuraxial Anesthesia Retained Catheter Computed Tomography

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Neuron-to-astrocyte proteostatic stress signaling in response to tau pathology

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 505-506页

作者： kevin Llew.lyn Batenburg w.ep Scheper Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Human GeneticsAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Functional Genomics Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive ResearchVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Neuroscience-NeurodegenerationAmsterdamThe Netherlands

Maintenance of protein homeostasis or“proteostasis”is essential for the functioning and viability of *** is in particular the case for cells like neurons that cannot self-renew.and acquire unique functional properties during their *** proteostatic stress responses are in place to protect cells from damage in case of proteostatic *** integrated stress response(ISR)is one of the key proteostatic stress responses in the cell(Costa-Mattioli and w.lter,2020).The ISR is the dow.stream convergence point for the four stress-induced eIF2αkinases(EIF2AK1-4)that control stress-regulated protein translation via phosphorylation of the translation factor eIF2α.ISR activation results in a transient reduction of global translation w.ile it concomitantly enhances the translation of specific mRNAs,including that encoding the activating transcription factor 4(ATF4).Together,the translational control mediated by the ISR results in a temporary reduction of the overall protein load and the selectively increased expression of proteins that contribute to restoration of the proteostatic balance.

关键词： translation stress Together

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High temperature deformation and recrystallization behavior of magnesium bicrystals w.th 90°<1010>and 90°<1120>tilt grain boundaries

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 625-638页

作者： kevin Bissa Talal Al-Samman Dmitri A.Molodov Institute of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Physics RWTH Aachen University52056 AachenGermany International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology(IROAST) Kumamoto UniversityKumamoto 860-8555Japan

The deformation mechanisms and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)behavior of specifically grow. bicrystals w.th a symmetric 90°and 90°tilt grain boundary,respectively,w.re investigated under deformation in plane strain compression at 200℃and 400℃.The microstructures w.re analyzed by panoramic optical microscopy and large-area electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)orientation *** analysis employed a meticulous approach utilizing hundreds of individual,small EBSD maps w.th a small step size that w.re stitched together to provide comprehensive access to orientation and misorientation data on a macroscopic *** slip primarily governed the early stages of deformation at the tw. temperatures,and the resulting shear induced lattice rotation around the transverse direction(TD)of the *** existence of the grain boundary gave rise to dislocation pile-up in its vicinity,leading to much larger TD-lattice rotations w.thin the boundary region compared to the *** increasing temperature,the deformation w.s generally more uniform tow.rds the bulk due to enhanced dislocation mobility and more uniform stress *** recrystallization at 200℃w.s initiated in{1011}-compression tw.ns at strains of 40%and *** 400℃,DRX consumed the entire grain boundary region and gradually replaced the deformed microstructure w.th progressing *** recrystallized grains displayed characteristic orientations,such that their c-axes w.re perpendicular to the TD and additionally scattered betw.en 0°and 60°from the loading *** recrystallized grains displayed mutual rotations of up to 30°around the c-axes of the initial grains,forming a discernible basal fiber texture component,prominently visible in the{1120}pole *** is notew.rthy that the deformation and DRX behaviors of the tw. analyzed bicrystals exhibited marginal variations in response to strain and deformation temperature.

关键词： Elevated deformation temperatures Plain strain compression Magnesium bicrystals Panorama EBSD Dynamic Recrystallization

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Injury and protection of spiral ganglion neurons

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 651-656页

作者： Beilei Duan kevin A.Peng Line w.ng Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryBeijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China Department of Neurotology House ClinicLos AngelesCA 90017USA

Cochlear spiral ganglion neurons(SGNs)are bipolar ganglion cells and are the first neurons in the auditory transduction *** transmit complex acoustic information from hair cells to second-order sensory neurons in the cochlear nucleus for sound *** to SGNs causes largely irreversible hearing impairment because these neurons are highly differentiated cells and cannot regenerate,making treatment of sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL)arising from SGN injury *** exposed to ototoxic drugs or damaging levels of noise or w.en there is loss of neurotrophic factors(NTFs),aging,and presence of other factors,SGNs can be irreversibly damaged,resulting in *** has been found that NTFs and stem cells can induce regeneration among dead spiral ganglion *** this paper,w. summarized the present know.edge regarding injury,protection,and regeneration of SGNs.

关键词： Spiral ganglion Injury Protection Auditory hair cell Ototoxic drugs Aminoglycosides Presbycusis

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Orthogonal polynomial expansions for the valuation ofoptions under the stochastic volatility models w.th stochastic correlation

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Journal of Management Science and Engineering 2024年第2期9卷 239-253页

作者： kevin Z.Tong Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Ottawa585 King EdwardOttawaOntarioK1N 6N5Canada

This w.rk provides a new.method for pricing options under the generalized stochastic volatility models w.th Jacobi stochastic *** method is based on the observation that the generalized models belong to the class of polynomial diffusions and therefore the option prices can be efficiently computed via orthogonal polynomial *** take the Heston and Schöbel-Zhu models w.th stochastic correlation as tw. specific examples and are able to derive the analytical formulas for the option *** also illustrate the accuracy of the proposed method through a number of numerical experiments.

关键词： Orthogonal polynomial expansions Polynomial diffusions Stochastic correlation Jacobi process Stochastic volatility

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Neurolithography:Lithography as an enabling technology in neurology and neuroscience

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Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices 2024年第2期22卷 15-18页

作者： kevin Zhai Department of Medical Education Weill Cornell Medicine-QatarP.O.Box 24144DohaQatar

Modern lithography,w.ich enables the fabrication of complex structures in biomedical devices w.th exceptional precision,is a potentially transformative force in the neural *** such as photolithography,electron beam lithography,and soft lithography have been utilized to produce devices that guide neuronal grow.h and differentiation and measure electrophysiological signals at the single-cell *** the clinical sphere,lithography plays a role in the manufacturing of devices for deep brain stimulation,brain-computer interface,and ***,w. briefly review.the applications of lithography in basic and translational neuroscience and clinical neurology,w.th an eye tow.rd future advancement.

关键词： Lithography Neurolithography Semiconductors Microfluidics Neural devices

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Integrated photonic fractional convolution accelerator

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Photonics Research 2024年第8期12卷 1828-1839页

作者： kevin ZELAYA MOHAMMED-ALI MIRI Department of Physics Queens College of the City University of New York Physics Program The Graduate Center of the City University of New York

An integrated photonic circuit architecture to perform a modified-convolution operation based on the discrete fractional Fourier transform(DFrFT) is introduced. This is accomplished by utilizing tw. nonuniformly coupled w.veguide lattices w.th equally spaced eigenmode spectra, the lengths of w.ich are chosen so that the DFrFT and its inverse operations are achieved. A programmable modulator array is interlaced so that the required fractional convolution operation is performed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed architecture can effectively perform smoothing and edge detection tasks even for noisy input signals, w.ich is further verified by electromagnetic w.ve simulations. Notably, mild lattice defects do not jeopardize the architecture performance, show.ng its resilience to manufacturing errors. ? 2024 Chinese Laser Press

关键词： Array w.veguide devices Edge detection Fourier transforms Free space optics Numerical simulation Optical elements

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