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Partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition in keloid scars: regulation of keloid keratinocyte gene expression by transforming growth factor-β1

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 199-215页

作者： Jennifer M.Hahn kevin l.mcfarland Kelly A.Combs Dorothy M.Supp Research Department Shriners Hospitals for Children-CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Research Department Shriners Hospitals for Children-CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA

Background:Keloids are an extreme form of abnormal scarring that result from a pathological fibroproliferative wound healing *** molecular mechanisms driving keloid pathology remain incompletely understood,hindering development of targeted,effective *** studies in our laboratory demonstrated that keloid keratinocytes exhibit adhesion abnormalities and display a transcriptional signature reminiscent of cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),suggesting a role for EMT in keloid *** the current study,we further define the EMT-like phenotype of keloid scars and investigate regulation of EMT-related genes in ***:Primary keratinocytes from keloid scar and normal skin were cultured in the presence or absence of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)+/-inhibitors of TGF-β1 and downstream signaling *** expression was measured using quantitative polymerase chain *** was analyzed using an in vitro wound healing *** in keloid scar and normal skin sections were localized by *** analyses utilized SigmaPlot(SyStat Software,San Jose,CA)or SAS?(SAS Institute,Cary,NC).Results:In keloid and normal keratinocytes,TGF-β1 regulated expression of EMT-related genes,including hyaluronan synthase 2,vimentin,cadherin-11,wingless-type MMTV integration site family,member 5A,frizzled 7,ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19,and *** of canonical TGF-β1 signaling in keloid keratinocytes significantly inhibited expression of these genes,and TGF-β1 stimulation of normal keratinocytes increased their *** inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)signaling pathway or the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway attenuated TGF-β1-induced expression of subsets of these *** of keloid keratinocytes,previously shown to be increased compared with normal keratinocytes,was significantly reduced by inhibition of TGF-β1 or E

关键词： Keloid Keratinocyte Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Wound healing Scar Fibrosis

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Model Change Active learning in Graph-Based Semi-supervised learning

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1270-1298页

作者： kevin S.Miller Andrea l.Bertozzi Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles520 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA

Active learning in semi-supervised classification involves introducing additional labels for unlabelled data to improve the accuracy of the underlying classifier.A challenge is to identify which points to label to best improve performance while limiting the number of new labels."Model Change"active learning quantifies the resulting change incurred in the classifier by introducing the additional label(s).We pair this idea with graph-based semi-supervised learning(SSl)methods,that use the spectrum of the graph laplacian matrix,which can be truncated to avoid prohibitively large computational and storage *** consider a family of convex loss functions for which the acquisition function can be efficiently approximated using the laplace approximation of the posterior *** show a variety of multiclass examples that illustrate improved performance over prior state-of-art.

关键词： Active learning Graph-based methods Semi-supervised learning(SSl) Graph laplacian

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Batch Active learning for Multispectral and Hyperspectral Image Segmentation Using Similarity Graphs

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1013-1033页

作者： Bohan Chen kevin Miller Andrea l.Bertozzi Jon Schwenk Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaLos Angeles520 Portola PlazaLosAngeles90095CAUSA Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences University of Texas at Austin201 E 24th StAustin 78712TXUSA los Alamos National laboratory Los AlamosNM 87545USA

Graph learning,when used as a semi-supervised learning(SSl)method,performs well for classification tasks with a low label *** provide a graph-based batch active learning pipeline for pixel/patch neighborhood multi-or hyperspectral image *** batch active learning approach selects a collection of unlabeled pixels that satisfy a graph local maximum constraint for the active learning acquisition function that determines the relative importance of each pixel to the *** work builds on recent advances in the design of novel active learning acquisition functions(e.g.,the Model Change approach in arXiv:2110.07739)while adding important further developments including patch-neighborhood image analysis and batch active learning methods to further increase the accuracy and greatly increase the computational efficiency of these *** addition to improvements in the accuracy,our approach can greatly reduce the number of labeled pixels needed to achieve the same level of the accuracy based on randomly selected labeled pixels.

关键词： Image segmentation Graph learning Batch active learning Hyperspectral image

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Weight regain after intragastric balloon for pre-surgical weight loss

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S Jones Krzysztof J Wikiel Edward l Jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many also with obesity-related *** can place patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative *** intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well *** To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successful elective surgery after intragastric balloon placement,and weight management after balloon *** This study is a retrospective review of patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective *** outcomes including weight loss,duration of balloon placement,successful elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were *** criteria included those with balloon in place at time of *** Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective *** patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible for balloon *** surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip *** average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were *** average duration of intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 *** average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of 30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight ***-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom relief with weight loss ***-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after balloon *** pat

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

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Disparate outcomes in Hispanic patients with metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease/steatohepatitis and type 2 diabetes: large cohort study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 886-897页

作者： Joseph Matthew Gosnell George Golovko Esteban Arroyave Akshata Moghe Michael l Kueht Omar AbdulSaldarriaga kevin H McKinney Heather l Stevenson Monique R Ferguson Department of Pathology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Pharmacology&Toxicology University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Medicine University of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Surgery University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Center for Tropical Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX 77555United States

BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASlD)and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)are a growing health burden across a significant portion of the global patient ***,these conditions seem to have disparate rates and outcomes between different ethnic *** combination of MASlD/MASH and type 2 diabetes increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and Hispanic patients experience the greatest burden,particularly those in South *** To compare outcomes between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients in the United States,while further focusing on the Hispanic population within Southeast Texas to determine whether the documented disparity in outcomes is a function of geographical circumstance or if there is a more widespread reason that all clinicians must account for in prognostic *** This cohort analysis was conducted with data obtained from TriNetX,llC(“TriNetX”),a global federated health research network that provides access to deidentified medical records from healthcare organizations *** cohort networks were used:University of Texas Medical Branch(UTMB)hospital and the United States national database collective to determine whether disparities were related to geographic regions,like Southeast *** This study findings revealed Hispanics/latinos have a statistically significant higher occurrence of HCC,type 2 diabetes mellitus,and liver fibrosis/cirrhosis in both the United States and the UTMB Hispanic/latino *** mortality in Hispanics/latinos was lower within the United States group and not statistically elevated in the UTMB *** This would appear to support that Hispanic patients in Southeast Texas are not uniquely affected compared to the national Hispanic population.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis Hispanic Diabetes mellitus TriNetX Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Steatotic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma

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An Efficient Smoothing and Thresholding Image Segmentation Framework with Weighted Anisotropic-lsotropicTotalVariation

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1369-1405页

作者： kevin Bui Yifei lou Fredrick Park Jack Xin Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaIrvineIrvineCA 92697-3875USA Department of Mathematics University of North CarolinaChapel HillChapel HillNC 27599.USA Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Whittier CollegeWhittierCA 90602USA

In this paper,we design an efficient,multi-stage image segmentation framework that incorporates a weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation(AITV).The segmentation framework generally consists of two stages:smoothing and thresholding,thus referred to as smoothing-and-thresholding(SaT).In the first stage,a smoothed image is obtained by an AITV-regularized Mumford-Shah(MS)model,which can be solved efficiently by the alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMMs)with a closed-form solution of a proximal operator of the l_(1)-αl_(2) *** convergence of the ADMM algorithm is *** the second stage,we threshold the smoothed image by K-means clustering to obtain the final segmentation *** experiments demonstrate that the proposed segmentation framework is versatile for both grayscale and color images,effcient in producing high-quality segmentation results within a few seconds,and robust to input images that are corrupted with noise,blur,or *** compare the AITV method with its original convex TV and nonconvex TVP(Olitative and quantitative advantages of our proposed method.

关键词： Image segmentation Non-convex optimization Mumford-Shah(MS)model Alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMMs) Proximal operator

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Cognitive function among military veterans with STEM occupations

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 308-310页

作者： Justin T.McDaniel kevin N.Hascup Erin R.Hascup Ugochukwu G.Ezigbo Amanda M.Weidhuner Harvey Henson David l.Albright Dale and Deborah Smith Center for Alzheimer's Research and trEatment(CARE) Southern Illinois University School of MedicineSpringfieldIL 62794USA STEM Education Research Center Southern Illinois UniversityCarbondaleIL 62901USA Department of Political Science The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA

Dear Editor,There is limited research on the relationship between science,technology,engineering,and mathematics(STEM)occupational history and cognitive function in later life,especially among military veterans,who may be at greater risk for later-life cognitive *** study examines a nationally representative sample of military veterans to address this gap in knowledge.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Veterans Science technology engineering and mathematics(STEM) Animal fluency test Dementia

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Asbestos Exposure during Gasket Removal from Aircraft Engine

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2024年第2期12卷 59-67页

作者： Charles l. Blake kevin M. Guth Raymond D. Harbison Apex Companies Marietta USA Center for Environmental and Occupational Risk Analysis and Management College of Public Health University of South Florida Tampa USA

We have previously evaluated asbestos exposure associated with various maintenance procedures on light aircraft. The purpose of this study was to evaluate asbestos exposure during engine maintenance on light aircraft. This test was designed to evaluate the potential for asbestos exposure to mechanics and others who remove asbestos-containing engine gaskets from reciprocating style aircraft engines. Utilized in this test was an air cooled, horizontally opposed, aviation gasoline burning engine, assembled during 1986 and operated intermittently up into 2015, having accumulated 1680 hours run time. Nearly 75% of the asbestos-containing gaskets installed during 1986 were still in place at the time of testing. Chrysotile asbestos contents of such gaskets ranged from 55% to 60% by area, for those of sheet style and 5% by area, for the spiral wound metal/asbestos style. Despite the levels of effort required to effect gasket removals, the professional aircraft mechanic was not exposed to airborne asbestos fibers at the lower limits of sampling and analytical detection achieved;all of which were substantially less than the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure limits for asbestos. The results of this testing indicate an absence of gasket related asbestos exposure risk to mechanics who work with light aircraft engines, including those having asbestos-containing gaskets. These results are consistent with the findings of Mlyarek and Van Orden who studied the asbestos exposure risk occasioned during overhaul of larger radial style reciprocating aircraft engines [1].

关键词： Asbestos Exposure Gaskets Aircraft Engine Friction Materials

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Multinuclear MR and MRI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency RF probe

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Magnetic Resonance letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés Ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica kevin J.Sanders Md Al Raihan C.Adam Dyker Gillian R.Goward Bruce *** UNB MRI Centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of Chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of Chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(MR)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(RF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed RF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and liNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)Co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMC)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting MR and MRI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear MR/MRI Variable field magnet lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

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The HIF-1α/PlOD2 axis integrates extracellular matrix organization and cell metabolism leading to aberrant musculoskeletal repair

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 289-301页

作者： Heeseog Kang Amy l.Strong Yuxiao Sun lei Guo Conan Juan Alec C.Bancroft Ji Hae Choi Chase A.Pagani Aysel A.Fernandes Michael Woodard Juhoon lee Sowmya Ramesh Aaron W.James David Hudson kevin N.Dalby lin Xu Robert J.Tower Benjamin levi Center for Organogenesis Regeneration and TraumaDepartment of SurgeryUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Section of Plastic Surgery Department of SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109USA Quantitative Biomedical Research Center Peter O’Donnell Jr.School of Public HealthUniversity of Texas SouthwesternDallasTX 75390USA Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry College of PharmacyUniversity of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD 21218USA

While hypoxic signaling has been shown to play a role in many cellular processes,its role in metabolism-linked extracellular matrix(ECM)organization and downstream processes of cell fate after musculoskeletal injury remains to be ***(HO)is a debilitating condition where abnormal bone formation occurs within extra-skeletal *** andhypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α)activation have been shown to promote ***,the underlying molecular mechanisms bywhich the HIF-1αpathway in mesenchymal progenitor cells(MPCs)contributes to pathologic bone formation remain to ***,we used a proven mouse injury-induced HO model to investigate the role of HIF-1αon aberrant cell ***-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)and spatial transcriptomics analyses of the HO site,we found that collagen ECM organizationis the most highly up-regulated biological process in *** mesenchymal cell-specific deletion of Hif1α(Hoxa11-CreER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl))significantly mitigated HO in ***-seq analysis of these Hoxa11-CreER^(T2);Hif1a^(fl/fl)mice identified the PlOD2/lOXpathway for collagen cross-linking as downstream of the HIF-1αregulation of ***,our scRNA-seq data and mechanisticstudies further uncovered that glucose metabolism in MPCs is most highly impacted by HIF-1α*** a translational aspect,a pan-lOX inhibitor significantly decreased HO.A newly screened compound revealed that the inhibition of PlOD2 activity in MPCssignificantly decreased osteogenic differentiation and glycolytic *** suggests that the HIF-1α/PlOD2/lOX axis linked tometabolism regulates HO-forming MPC *** results suggest that the HIF-1α/PlOD2/lOX pathway represents a promisingstrategy to mitigate HO formation.

关键词： metabolism skeletal aberrant

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