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Potential transformation of organic matter by microbes in cryoconite,Tibetan Plateau

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第6期67卷 1978-1989页

作者： Bixi GUO Yongqin liu kevin Xu ZHONG Quan SHI Chen HE Qiang ZHENG Ruanhong CAI State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for the Pan-Third Pole Environment Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Department of Earth Oceanand Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing Petroleum Molecules Engineering Center(PMEC)China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science Collage of Ocean and Earth SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Microorganisms play an essential role in the glacier carbon cycle;how they transform organic matter in mountain glacial cryoconite remains to be ***,we applied ultra-high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR MS)and deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene,to investigate the temporal microbial transformation of dissolved organic matter(DOM)of the Tibetan Plateau *** the 60-day incubation,we found that DOM in cryoconite underwent a three-stage transformation,with decreasing bioavailability over *** microbial community did not change much in the first week while degrading DOM molecules that were associated with higher H/C_(wa)and lower O/C_(wa).During days 15-30,DOM composition remained stable while microbial diversity *** day 60,the DOM was microbially converted into a higher state of recalcitrance,with higher values of aromatic index,O/C_(wa),and lower H/C_(wa),which contained molecules containing more *** among various microbial taxa,like Cyanobacteria,Bacteroidota,Gammaproteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Actinobacteriota,drove the DOM transformation in *** study sheds light on the in-situ transformation of DOM composition meditated by microbial populations in cryoconite at a temporal scale,providing new insights into understanding the microbial roles in the glacier organic carbon transformation.

关键词： Cryoconite Dissolved organic matter Biodegradation Microbial community Temporal variation

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Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.liu S.j.liu B.Wang W.B.Sun X.j.liu Z.W.Han College of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPSO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 Mj/m^(3)to 10.97 Mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

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Microfacies and diagenetic alteration in a semi-deep to deep lacustrine shale: The Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin, China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第3期21卷 1524-1538页

作者： Bin Bai jing-Yue Hao Ling Fu Yu-Xi liu jian-Peng Wang Lan Wang kevin GTaylor Lin Ma PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing100083China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of ManchesterM139PLUK College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun130061jilinChina Department of Chemical Engineering University of ManchesterM139PLUK

The mineralogical development and diagenetic sequence of lacustrine shales in the Chang 7 Member of the Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin are detailed studied.A model of their depositional system and a diagenetic diagram are proposed in this *** detailed petrographic,mineralogical,and elemental analyses,four distinct shale types are identified:argillaceous shale,siliceous shale,calcareous shale,and carbonate,clay,and silt-bearing *** main diagenetic process in argillaceous shale is the transformation of illite to smectite,negatively impacting shale *** shale undergoes carbonate cementation and quartz dissolution,contributing to increased porosity,particularly in *** shale experiences diagenesis characterised by carbonate formation and dissolution,with a prevalence of *** carbonate,clay,and silt-bearing shale,the dissolution of K-feldspar contributes to illitization of *** shale,characterised by more clay minerals and lower mesopore volume,is identified as a potential hydrocarbon *** shale,with the highest pore volume and abundant inter-mineral pores,emerges as a promising shale oil *** findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of shale properties,aiding in the prediction of shale oil exploration potential in the studied area.

关键词： Ordos Basin Yanchang Formation Chang 7 Member Diagenesis Microfacies

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Thermo-kinetic characteristics on stabilizing hetero-phase interface of metal matrix composites by crystal plasticity finite element method

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.B.Zhang S.j.Song F.liu State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Analytical&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using dislocation-based constitutive modeling in three-dimension crystal plasticity finite element(3D CPFE)simulations,co-deformation and instability of hetero-phase interface in different material systems were herein studied for polycrystalline metal matrix composites(MMCs).Local stress and strain fields in two types of 3layer MMCs such as fcc/fcc Cu-Ag and fcc/bcc Cu-Nb have been predicted under simple compressive ***,more severe strain-induced interface instability can be observed in the fcc/bcc systems than in the fcc/fcc systems upon refining to metallic nanolayered composites(MNCs).By detailed analysis of stress and strain localization,it has been demonstrated that the interface instability is always accompanied by high-stress concentration,i.e.,thermodynamic characteristics,or high strain prevention i.e.,kinetic characteristics,at the hetero-phase *** then follows that the thermodynamic driving forceG and the kinetic energy barrier Q during dislocation and shear banding can be adopted to classify the deformation modes,following the so-called thermo-kinetic *** by inserting a high density of high-energy interfaces into the Cu-Nb composites,such thermo-kinetic integration at the hetero-phase interface allows a successful establishment of MMCs with the high△G-high Q deformation mode,which ensures high hardening and uniform strain distri-bution,thus efficiently suppressing the shear band,stabilizing the hetero-phase interface,and obtaining an exceptional combination in strength and *** hetero-phase interface chosen by a couple of thermodynamics and kinetics can be defined as breaking the thermo-kinetic correlation and has been proposed for artificially designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodynamics and kinetics Physics-based constitutive modeling Hetero-phase interface Crystal plasticity finite element

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Reduction of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord following repetitive blast-induced traumatic brain injury in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1548-1552页

作者： Shigeharu Tsuda Mustafa Golam jiamei Hou kevin K.W.Wang Floyd j.Thompson Prodip Bose Brain Rehabilitation Research Center Malcom Randall VA Medical CenterNorth Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health SystemGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Anesthesiology College of MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Emergency Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neuroscience University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA Department of Neurology University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

Traumatic brain inju ry-induced unfavorable outcomes in human patients have independently been associated with dysregulated levels of monoamines,especially epinephrine,although few preclinical studies have examined the epinephrine level in the central nervous system after traumatic brain *** has been shown to regulate the activities of spinal motoneurons as well as increase the heart rate,blood pressure,and blood flow to the hindlimb ***,the purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of repeated blast-induced traumatic brain injury on the epinephrine levels in seve ral function-s pecific central nervous system regions in *** three repeated blast injuries at 3-day intervals,the hippocampus,motor cortex,locus coeruleus,vestibular nuclei,and lumbar spinal cord were harvested at post-injury day eight and processed for epinephrine assays using a high-sensitive electrochemical detector cou pled with high-performance liquid *** results showed that the epinephrine levels were significantly decreased in the lumbar spinal cord tissues of blast-induced traumatic brain injury animals compared to the levels detected in age-and sex-matched sham *** other function-specific central nervous system regions,although the epinephrine levels were slightly altered following blast-induced tra u matic brain injury,they were not statistically *** results suggest that blast injury-induced significant downregulation of epinephrine in the lumbar spinal cord could negatively impact the motor and cardiovascular *** is the first repo rt to show altered epinephrine levels in the spinal cord following repetitive mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury.

关键词： balance blood flow cardiovascular system central nervous system epinephrine ischemic damage lumbar spinal cord muscle tone repeated blast spasticity traumatic brain injury

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Universal insertion of molecules in ionic compounds under pressure

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National Science Review 2024年第1期11卷 120-128页

作者： Feng Peng Yanming Ma Chris j.Pickard Hanyu liu Maosheng Miao College of Physics and Electronic Information Luoyang Normal University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California State University Northridge State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials & Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software of Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University International Center of Future Science Jilin University Department of Materials Science & Metallurgy University of Cambridge Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Department of Earth Science University of California Santa Barbara

Using first-principles calculations and crystal structure search methods, we found that many covalently bonded molecules such as H2, N2, CO2, NH3, H2O and CH4may react with NaC l, a prototype ionic solid,and form stable compounds under pressure while retaining their molecular structure. These molecules,despite whether they are homonuclear or heteronuclear, polar or non-polar, small or large, do not show strong chemical interactions with surrounding Na and Cl ions. In contrast, the most stable molecule among all examples, N2, is found to transform into cyclo-N5-anions while reacting with NaC l under high pressures. It provides a new route to synthesize pentazolates, which are promising green energy materials with high energy density. Our work demonstrates a unique and universal hybridization propensity of covalently bonded molecules and solid compounds under pressure. This surprising miscibility suggests possible mixing regions between the molecular and rock layers in the interiors of large planets.

关键词： molecule-solid hybrid materials high-pressure crystal structure prediction density functional theory planet interior

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The variation of DOM during long distance water transport by the China South to North Water Diversion Scheme and impact on drinking water treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 85-100页

作者： Hankun Yang Yujuan Li Hongyu liu Nigel j.D.Graham Xue Wu jiawei Hou Mengjie liu Wenyu Wang Wenzheng Yu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and TechnologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China School of Environment and Municipal Engineering Qingdao Technological UniversityQingdao266033China Colleges of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150006China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane Processes School of Environment Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

In this study,samples were taken from three locations,upstream to downstream,along the central route project of the China South to North Water Diversion(SNWD)scheme in summer and *** were used to reveal the variations of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the water transfer process,and the effects of these variations on drinking water treatment and disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPs-FP).The results showed that polysaccharides accumulate in summer and reduce in winter with flow distance,which has an important effect on the overall properties of DOM,as well as on the performance of coagulation,ultrafiltration,and the formation of *** substances,and their hydrophilic content,also increased in summer and decreased in winter with flow *** contrast,the concentration of small organic substances(MW≤1000 Da)increased in both summer and winter with flow distance,which affected both nanofiltration(NF)membrane fouling and *** results provide a useful case study of spatial and temporal changes in raw water DOM during long distance water transfer and their impact on the treatment and quality of drinking water from the SNWD.

关键词： Long-distance water transfer The China South to North Water Diversion Scheme Coagulation Membrane filtration Disinfection by-products

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Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU liu ROBERT j.KASPER NATALIE j.S.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

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Weight regain after intragastric balloon for pre-surgical weight loss

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第7期16卷 2040-2046页

作者： Danielle Abbitt kevin Choy Alexandra Kovar Teresa S jones Krzysztof j Wikiel Edward L jones Department of Surgery University of ColoradoAuroraCO 80045United States Department of Surgery Rocky Mountain Regional Veteran Affairs Medical CenterAuroraCO 80045United States

BACKGROUND Over one-third of Americans carry the diagnosis of obesity,many also with obesity-related *** can place patients at increased risk of operative and postoperative *** intragastric balloon has been shown to aid in minor weight loss,however its weight recidivism in patients requiring short interval weight loss has not been well *** To evaluate weight loss,ability to undergo successful elective surgery after intragastric balloon placement,and weight management after balloon *** This study is a retrospective review of patients in a single academic institution undergoing intragastric balloon placement from 2019-2023 to aid in weight loss prior to undergoing elective *** outcomes including weight loss,duration of balloon placement,successful elective surgery,weight regain postballoon and post-procedure complications were *** criteria included those with balloon in place at time of *** Thirty-three patients completed intragastric balloon therapy from 2019-2023 as a bridge to elective *** patients were required to participate in a 12-month weight management program to be eligible for balloon *** surgeries included incisional hernia repair,umbilical hernia repair,inguinal hernia repair,and knee and hip *** average age at placement was 53 years±11 years,majority(91%)were *** average duration of intragastric balloon therapy was 186 days±41 *** average weight loss was 14.0 kg±7.4 kg and with an average percent excess body weight loss of 30.0%(7.9%-73.6%).Over half of the patients(52.0%)achieved the goal of 30-50 lbs(14-22 kg)weight ***-one patients(64%)underwent their intended elective surgery,2 patients(6%)deferred surgery due to symptom relief with weight loss ***-one of the patients(64%)have documented weights in 3 months after balloon removal,in these patients the majority(76%)gained weight after balloon *** pat

关键词： Intragastric balloon Weight loss Obesity Bariatric Body mass index

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Full-spectrum Bi@SrTiO_(3) for bi-directional promotion effects on photocatalytic redox reaction:Insight into intermediates and mechanism

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 917-929,I0004页

作者： Bin liu Nanhao Zhou jun liu Xinglei Wang Peter K.j.Robertson Xiaoyuan Chen Chao Chen jianmin Luo Chuanyi Wang School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China Chengdu Customs Technology Center Chengdu610041China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining835000China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastStranmillis RoadBelfastBT95AGUnited Kingdom Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence(GIII) Guangzhou511400China

The development of full-spectrum photocatalysts active in the near-infrared(NIR)region has gained increasing attention for deleterious pollutant *** integration of plasmonic metals with semico nductors is an effective way to widen the light re sponse range of photocatalysts due to the strong light absorption and fast plasmonic energy transfer of the localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).In this work,the full-spectrum responsive Bi@SrTiO_(3) was prepared via facile solvothermal chemical *** optimal Bi@SrTiO_(3) achieves exceptional photocatalytic Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and tetracycline degradation,realizing bi-directional promotion effects on redox *** to density functional theory(DFT)simulations,the extraordinary photocatalytic performance is attributed to the tunable builtin electric field(IEF)of the Ohmic *** favorable adaptability in real water and high stability of BSTO-25 were proved by experime ntal *** the po ssible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed based on theoretical calculation and experimental ***,the non-toxicity of the BSTO-25 was evaluated by *** cultivation,which further proves the feasibility of treating wastewater with *** work provides a new perspective on constructing full-spectrum-driven photocatalysts for applications dealing with environmental remediation.

关键词： Full-spectrum photocatalysts Localized surface plasmon resonance Ohmic contact Cr(Ⅵ)reduction Antibiotic degradation Rare earths

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