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全球尺度过量氮元素输入的土壤功能响应

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2004年第B12期33卷 506-512页

作者： Mark Adams Phil Ineson Dan Binkley Georg Cadisch Naoko Tokuchi Mary Scholes kevin hicks 孙会首（译）西澳大利亚大学自然资源管理中心约克大学全球变化生态学科罗拉多州立大学森林生态学德国斯图加特霍恩海姆大学植物生产力及热带和亚热带农业生态学研究所京都大学野外科学教育和研究中心约翰内斯堡威特沃特斯兰德（Witwatersrand）大学约克大学的斯德哥尔摩环境研究院不详

很少证据显示南半球大陆高度风化、低磷、酸性土壤中氮(N)循环与北美和欧洲有很大的差别。来自南半球的证据表明:不同的土地利用方式中,氮损失的形态和时间模式有相似性;不同大陆林地地表/枯枝落叶层的碳氮比(C:N)对于全球尺度上一系列... 详细信息

很少证据显示南半球大陆高度风化、低磷、酸性土壤中氮(N)循环与北美和欧洲有很大的差别。来自南半球的证据表明:不同的土地利用方式中,氮损失的形态和时间模式有相似性;不同大陆林地地表/枯枝落叶层的碳氮比(C:N)对于全球尺度上一系列过程有强烈的预示性;根据北半球增施氮对"受磷制约"的生态系统影响的归纳很可能不适用于南半球生态系统,当地植物结构上和生理上对低磷土壤的适应使得磷制约概念变得可疑;大大地增加了氮的输入和周转的土地利用变化很可能是南半球生态系统的最大威胁;局部氮施入的增加很可能与北半球观测到的效果相似。

关键词：酸性土壤氮元素功能响应全球过量土地利用方式生态系统土地利用变化枯枝落叶层

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亚洲土壤对酸化的敏感性:现状与展望

AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2008年第4期37卷 281-289页

作者： W. kevin hicks Johan C. I. Kuylenstierna Anne Owen Frank Dentener Hans-Martin Seip Henning Rodhe 马泽清（译）哈艳梅（译）斯德哥尔摩环境研究所欧洲委员会联合研究中心奥斯陆大学不详

一直以来,研究者发现在中国南方及东南亚地区存在土壤酸化超出标准稳定状态的临界载荷的现象,但尚无证据能够说明土壤酸化在中国境外的影响。本研究介绍了一种在硫(S)、氮(N)和钙(Ca)的未来潜在排放情景下,亚洲土壤敏感性对酸沉降的时... 详细信息

一直以来,研究者发现在中国南方及东南亚地区存在土壤酸化超出标准稳定状态的临界载荷的现象,但尚无证据能够说明土壤酸化在中国境外的影响。本研究介绍了一种在硫(S)、氮(N)和钙(Ca)的未来潜在排放情景下,亚洲土壤敏感性对酸沉降的时间效应的计算方法。这种方法通过对亚洲可用性数据的匹配,制作了区域尺度图,估算了在相应的酸沉降条件下,土壤盐基饱和度需要多少时间(年)能达到20%的临界上限。研究结果表明,南亚、东南亚和东亚的土壤类型敏感地区,包括中国南部部分地区,以及缅甸、海南、老挝、泰国、越南和印度西高止山脉等,达到显著酸化的程度可能需要0～50年(尺度),这主要取决于当地的管理水平、生物和非生物的因素等。为了更明确地评估风险,需要贯穿亚洲代表不同植被和土壤类型及管理制度的典型区域的定点观测数据,如土壤化学、沉降(尤其是相应的阳离子沉降)、土壤和生态系统中硫、氮含量、可收获的生物量及风化速率等。本文介绍的国家和区域评估土壤的简单方法,可以对土壤酸化相关的影响时间尺度进行正确评价,有助于下一步研究,通过相关措施可降低酸化的风险。

关键词：土壤敏感性土壤酸化亚洲东南亚地区展望临界载荷中国南方时间效应

Evaluating indicators of human well-being for ecosystem-based management

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第12期3卷 2-19页

作者： Sara Jo Breslow Margaret Allen Danielle Holstein Brit Sojka Raz Barnea Xavier Basurto Courtney Carothers Susan Charnley arah Coulthard Nives Dolsak Jamie Donatuto Carlos Garcia-Quijano Christina C.hicks Arielle Levine Michael B.Masci Karma Norman Melissa Poe Terre Satterfield kevin St.Martin Phillip S.Levin Center for Creative Conservation University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Nicholas School of the Environment Duke UniversityBeaufortNCUSA College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska FairbanksAnchorageAKUSA Pacific Northwest Research Station USDA Forest ServicePortlandORUSA Department of Social Sciences and Languages Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Community Environmental Health Program Swinomish Indian Tribal CommunityLa ConnerWAUSA Department of Sociology and Anthropology The University of Rhode IslandKingstonRI USA Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford UniversityMontereyCAUSA Lancaster Environment Center Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK Department of Geography San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA Moore Center for Science Conservation InternationalArlingtonVAUS Northwest Fisheries Science Center National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationSeattleWAUSA Washington Sea Grant University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Institute for Resources Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Geography RutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJUSA School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA

Introduction:Interrelated social and ecological challenges demand an understanding of how environmental change and management decisions affect human *** paper out-lines a framework for measuring human well-being for ecosystem-based management(EBM).We present a prototype that can be adapted and developed for various scales and *** and managers use indicators to assess status and trends in integrated ecosystem assessments(IEAs).To improve the social science rigor and success of EBM,we developed a systematic and transparent approach for evaluating indicators of human well-being for an ***:Our process is based on a comprehensive conceptualization of human well-being,a scalable analysis of management priorities,and a set of indicator screening criteria tailored to the needs of *** tested our approach by evaluating more than 2000 existing social indicators related to ocean and coastal management of the US West *** focused on two foundational attributes of human well-being:resource access and *** and Discussion:Our results suggest that existing indicators and data are limited in their ability to reflect linkages between environmental change and human well-being,and extremely limited in their ability to assess social equity and *** reveal a critical need for new social indicators tailored to answer environmental questions and new data that are disaggregated by social variables to measure *** both,we stress the importance of collaborating with the people whose well-being is to be ***:Our framework is designed to encourage governments and communities to carefully assess the complex tradeoffs inherent in environmental decision-making.

关键词： Human well-being indicators ecosystem-based management integrated ecosystem assessment resource access self-determination

Refinement of saliva microRNA biomarkers for sports-related concussion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 369-378页

作者： Steven D.hicks Cayce Onks Raymond Y.Kim kevin J.Zhen Jayson Loeffert Andrea C.Loeffert Robert P.Olympia Gregory Fedorchak Samantha DeVita Zofia Gagnon Callan McLoughlin Miguel M.Madeira Scott L.Zuckerman Timothy Lee Matthew Heller Chuck Monteith Thomas R.Campbell Christopher Neville Elise Fengler Michael N.Dretsch Department of Pediatrics College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Family Medicine College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Emergency Medicine College of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033USA Department of Research and Development Quadrant Biosciences Inc.SyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Biology Marist CollegePoughkeepsieNY 12601USA Sports Concussion Center College of MedicineVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37212USA Department of Family Medicine College of Osteopathic MedicineNew York Institute of TechnologyOld WestburyNY 11568USA Department of Athletic Training Colgate UniversityHamiltonNY 13346USA Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Old Dominion UniversityNorfolkVA 23529USA Department of Physical Therapy Education Orthopedicsand NeuroscienceCollege of MedicineSUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Exercise Science Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13210USA Department of Medical Research—West Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchUS Army Joint Base Lewis-McChordHillhurstWA 98433USA

Background:Recognizing sport-related concussion(SRC)is challenging and relies heavily on subjective symptom *** objective,biological marker could improve recognition and understanding of *** is emerging evidence that salivary micro-ribonucleic acids(miRNAs)may serve as biomarkers of concussion;however,it remains unclear whether concussion-related miRNAs are impacted by *** sought to determine whether40 miRNAs previously implicated in concussion pathophysiology were affected by participation in a variety of contact and non-contact *** goal was to refine a miRNA-based tool capable of identifying athletes with SRC without the confounding effects of ***:This case-control study harmonized data from concussed and non-concussed athletes recruited across 10 *** of salivary miRNAs within 455 samples from 314 individuals were measured with RNA ***-subjects testing was used to identify and exclude miRNAs that changed with either(a)a single episode of exercise(166 samples from 83 individuals)or(b)season-long participation in contact sports(212 samples from 106 individuals).The miRNAs that were not impacted by exercise were interrogated for SRC diagnostic utility using logistic regression(172 samples from 75 concussed and 97 non-concussed individuals).Results:Two miRNAs(miR-532-5p and miR-182-5p)decreased(adjusted p0.50;adjusted p0.70)to identify concussion.A

关键词： Biomarker Contact sports Football RNA Traumatic brain injury