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Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum Sw.) performance under shade in multi-environment trials

Grass Research 2021年第1期1卷 42-49页

作者： Beatriz Tome Gouveia Paul Raymer Brian M.Schwartz esteban F.Rios kevin e.kenworthy J.Bryan Unruh Charles Fontanier esdras M.Carbajal Jason Kruse Natasha K.Restuccia Susana R.Milla-Lewis Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State UniversityCampus Box 7620RaleighNC 27695USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of GeorgiaGriffin Campus1109 Experiment StreetGriffinGA 30223USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences University of GeorgiaTifton Campus2360 Rainwater RoadTiftonGA 31793USA Agronomy Department University of Florida2005 SW 23rd Street Bldg 350GainesvilleFL 32608USA environmental Horticulture Department University of FloridaWest Florida Research and Education Center4253 Experiment RoadHwy 182JayFL 32565USA Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Oklahoma State UniversityOklahomaOK 74078USA Department of environmental Horticulture University of Florida1541 Fifield HallGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Shade caused by trees or buildings can affect the quality and growth of ***,breeding for shade tolerance is an essential component of most turfgrass improvement *** objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of seashore paspalum(Paspalum vaginatum Sw.)breeding lines under shade in multi-environment *** sources were 20 lines from the University of Georgia seashore paspalum breeding program and two checks,the cultivars'SeaDwarf'and'SeaStar'.Field trials were conducted from 2016 to 2019 under shade structures designed to reduce ambient sunlight at three locations:Citra(FL),Tifton(GA),and Raleigh(NC).The response variables evaluated were percent living ground cover(%GC),dark green color index(DGCI),canopy height(CH)and turfgrass quality(TQ).Data were analyzed by mixed model approaches using ASReml-R,and the t-statistics were used to group the *** genetic variances were observed in the single-location-repeated-measures analysis for CH and DGCI at Citra and Tifton,%GC at Citra,and TQ at *** correlations of the predicted values for entries between locations ranged from low to moderate,with the exception of between Citra and Tifton(0.76)for *** were a few breeding lines with superior performance to the entry average for all traits for which the entry variance was *** conclusion,genetic variability was observed for all traits and superior seashore paspalum breeding lines for multiple traits were identified under shade.

关键词： breeding cultivar measures

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Influence of 3d transition-metal substitution on the oxygen reduction reaction electrocatalysis of ternary nitrides in acid

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Nano Research 2019年第9期12卷 2307-2312页

作者： kevin e. Fritz Yichen Yan Jin Suntivich Department of Material Science and engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew York 14850USA Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science IthacaNew York 14850USA

The development of non-precious,acid-stable,oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts can significantly aid the commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PeMFCs).We report a survey of the ORR electrocatalysis on 3d metal substituted(M=Mn,Fe,Co)molybdenum and tungsten nitrides in acidic *** find that molybdate catalysts are more active than tungstates,with the specific activity depending on the chemistry of the substituted 3d *** both families,more electronegative 3d metals led to higher ORR activity(i.e.,Co>Fe>Mn).We attribute this result to the ability of the more electro negative 3d metal to withdraw electro ns from the Mo-or W-based active sites,effectively oxidizing the metal centers of the *** on our observation,future nitride ORR electrocatalysts can be further optimized by oxidizing the Mo sites further by,for example,addi ng eve n more electro negative dopa nt metals or in corporati ng anion vaca ncies.

关键词： nitrides electrocatalysis fuel cells oxygen reduction

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Subcellular western blotting of single cells

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 405-413页

作者： kevin A.Yamauchi Amy e.Herr Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA The UC Berkeley—UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Although immunoassays are the de facto standard for determining subcellular protein localization in individual cells,antibody probe cross-reactivity and fixation artifacts remain confounding *** enhance selectivity while providing single-cell resolution,we introduce a subcellular western blotting technique capable of separately assaying proteins in the 14 pL cytoplasm and 2 pL nucleus of individual *** confer precision fluidic control,we describe a passive multilayer microdevice that leverages the rapid transport times afforded by *** isolating single cells in microwells,we apply single-cell differential detergent fractionation to lyse and western blot the cytoplasmic lysate,whereas the nucleus remains intact in the ***,we lyse the intact nucleus and western blot the nuclear *** index each protein analysis to the originating subcellular compartment,we utilize bi-directional electrophoresis,a multidimensional separation that assays the lysate from each compartment in a distinct region of the separation ***-cell bi-directional electrophoresis eliminates the need for semi-subjective image segmentation algorithms required in *** subcellular,single-cell western blot is demonstrated for six targets per cell,and successfully localizes spliceosome-associated proteins solubilized from large protein and RNA complexes,even for closely sized proteins(a 7 kDa difference).Measurement of NF-κB translocation dynamics in unfixed cells at 15-min intervals demonstrates reduced technical variance compared with *** chemical cytometry assay directly measures the nucleocytoplasmic protein distribution in individual unfixed cells,thus providing insight into protein signaling in heterogeneous cell populations.

关键词： cytometry microfluidic design proteomics single-cell analysis

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Digestive retention times for Allen’s swamp monkey and L’Hoest’s monkey: data with implications for the evolution of cercopithecine digestive strategy

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第2期7卷 183-191页

作者： kevin P.BLAINe Joanna e.LAMBeRT Department of Anesthesia Stanford University Medical CenterStanfordCaliforniaUSA Department of ecological Anthropology University of Texas at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Primates access energy from plant fiber via bacterial fermentation in either a modified forestomach(‘foregut’),a caecocolic(‘hindgut’)chamber of the large intestine,or *** digestive retention times allow for more complete fermentation;as such,primates that consume an herbivorous diet high in fiber are expected to have both relatively and absolutely longer retention times than those mammals that rely on more readily digestible plant foods,such as *** used particulate markers to measure the digestive retention times of captive Allen’s swamp monkeys[Allenopithecus nigroviridis(Pocock,1907)](n=3)and L’Hoest’s monkey(Cercopithecus lhoesti ***,1899)(n=2).Results indicate mean retention times of 23.2-29.4 h and 23.2-24.0 h for *** and ***,*** from this study,in combination with previously published data on digestive retention times in other primate species,indicate that cercopithecines differ from other primate taxa by having lengthier retention times that can be predicted by body mass *** data are consistent with the hypothesis that relatively lengthy retention times are a primitive trait for Cercopithecinae.

关键词： Cercopithecinae digestive retention time evolution of diet fermentation plant fiber

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Solution pH jump during antibody and Fc-fusion protein thaw leads to increased aggregation

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第5期8卷 302-306页

作者： kevin P.Kent Chad e.Schroeder Chandana Sharma Upstream R&D MilliporeSigma

Freeze-thaw cycles impact the amount of aggregation observed in antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins. Various formulation strategies are used to mitigate the amount of aggregation that occurs upon putting a protein solution through a freeze-thaw cycle. Additionally, low pH solutions cause native antibodies to unfold, which are prone to aggregate upon pH neutralization, There is great interest in the mechanism that causes therapeutic proteins to aggregate since aggregate species can cause unwanted immunogenicity in patients, Herein, an increase in aggregation is reported when the pH is adjusted from pH 3 up to a pH ranging from pH 4 to pH 7 during the thaw process of a frozen antibody solution, Raising the pH during the thaw process caused a significant increase in the percent aggregation observed. Two antibodies and one Fc-fusion protein were evaluated during the pH jump thaw process and similar effects were observed. The results provide a new tool to study the kinetics of therapeutic protein ag- gregation upon pH increase,

关键词： Monoclonal antibodies Freeze-thaw Protein aggregation Protein stability

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Softening of phonon spectra in metallic glasses

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npj Computational Materials 2016年第1期2卷 31-35页

作者： Reza Mahjoub Nicholas e Hamilton kevin J Laws Michael Ferry School of Materials Science and engineering The University of New South WalesSydneyNSWAustralia

The vibrational spectra of a series of MgZnCa amorphous alloys were computed using density functional theory and implementing the small displacement *** atomic structures of the alloys were obtained by ab initio molecular dynamics *** vibrational thermodynamic properties were calculated as a function of temperature and,in particular,the specific heat at low temperature was approximated by temperature cubed based on the Debye *** computed the contribution of Mg vibrations to the specific heat and investigated the softening of Mg phonon spectra,where the maximum allowed vibrational frequency is lowered and highly collective diffusion processes are *** statistical correlation between the reported critical casting thickness of the alloys and softening of Mg phonons was *** calculations were performed for two distinctively different amorphous ZrTiCuAl alloys with large and small reported critical casting thickness,*** findings were consistent with those of the MgZnCa alloys.

关键词： alloys softening casting

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Sex-specific relationships between urbanization,parasitism,and plumage coloration in house finches

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Current Zoology 2021年第3期67卷 237-244页

作者： Brooke e.Sykes Pierce Hutton kevin J.McGraw School of Life Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ85287USA

Historically,studies of condition-dependent signals in animals have been male-centric,but recent work suggests that female ornaments can also communicate individual quality(e.g.,disease state,fecundity).There also has been a surge of interest in how urbanization alters signaling traits,but we know little about if and how cities affect signal expression in female *** measured carotenoid-based plumage coloration and coccidian(Isospora spp.)parasite burden in desert and city populations of house finches Haemorhous mexicanus to examine links between urbanization,health state,and feather pigmentation in males and *** earlier work,we showed that male house finches are less colorful and more parasitized in the city,and we again detected such patterns in this study for males;however,urban females were less colorful,but not more parasitized,than rural ***,contrary to rural populations,we found that urban birds(regardless of sex)with larger patches of carotenoid coloration were also more heavily infected with *** results show that urban environments can disrupt condition-dependent color expression and highlight the need for more studies on how cities affect disease and signaling traits in both male and female animals.

关键词： carotenoid pigmentation female ornaments Haemorhous mexicanus parasites urban ecology

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Development of barium@alginate adsorbents for sulfate removal in lithium refining

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and engineering 2021年第1期15卷 198-207页

作者： Lisa Xu Kaifei Chen George Q.Chen Sandra e.Kentish Gang(kevin)Li Department of Chemical engineering The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3010Australia

The demand for lithium has been steadily growing in recent years due to the boom of electric *** purity lithium is commonly used in the manufacture of battery grade lithium *** residuals originating from acid leaching of lithium ores must be limited to below 20 mg·L^(−1) during *** are methods to remove sulfate such as membrane processing and chemical precipitation using barium ***,membrane separation is unable to achieve the required purity while chemical precipitation often causes secondary contamination with barium and requires extra filtration processes that lead to increased processing *** this study,we developed a polymeric matrix entrapped with barium ions as a novel adsorbent to selectively adsorb sulfate in aqueous *** adsorbent was prepared by dropwise injection method where alginate droplets were crosslinked with barium to form hydrogel *** a typical scenario,the microcapsules had a diameter of 3 mm and contained 5 wt-%*** microcapsules could successfully reduce sulfate concentration in a solution from 100 to 16 mg·L^(−1),exceeding the removal ***,the microcapsules were mechanically unstable in the presence of an excess amount of ***,calcium ions were added as a secondary crosslinking agent to improve the integrity of the *** two-step Ca/Ba@alginate microcapsules showed an exceptional adsorption performance,reducing the sulfate concentration to as low as 0.02 mg·L^(−1).Since the sulfate selective microcapsules can be easily removed from the aqueous system and do not result in secondary barium contamination,these Ca/Ba@alginate adsorbents will find applications in ultra-refining of lithium in industry.

关键词： barium@alginate microcapsules dropwise injection sulfate removal lithium

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Patient comfort and quality in colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第15期19卷 2355-2361页

作者： Vivian e ekkelenkamp kevin Dowler Roland M Valori Paul Dunckley Department of Gastroenterology Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS TrustGloucester GL1 3NNUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical Center3000 CA RotterdamThe Netherlands

AIM: To explore the relationship of patient comfort and experience to commonly used performance indicators for colonoscopy. MeTHODS: All colonoscopies performed in our four endoscopy centres are recorded in two reporting systems that log key performance indicators. From 2008 to 2011, all procedures performed by qualified endoscopists were evaluated; procedures performed by trainees were excluded. The following variables were measured: Caecal intubation rate (CIR), nurse-reported comfort levels (NRCL) on a scale from 1 to 5, polyp detection rate (PDR), patient experience of the procedure (worse than expected, as expected, better than expected), and use of sedation and analgesia. Pearson' s correlation coefficient was used to identify relationships between performance ***: A total of 17027 colonoscopies were performed by 23 independent endoscopists between 2008 and 2011. Caecal intubation rate varied from 79.0% to 97.8%, with 18 out of 23 endoscopists achieving a CIR of > 90%. The percentage of patients experiencing significant discomfort during their procedure (defined as NRCL of 4 or 5) ranged from 3.9% to 19.2% with an average of 7.7%. CIR was negatively correlated with NRCL-45 (r=-0.61, P ent experience (r=-0.54, P e average dose of midazolam (mean 1.9 mg, with a range of 1.1 to 3.5 mg) given by the endoscopist was negatively correlated with CIR (r=-0.59, P ely correlated with PDR (r=0.44, P e numbers of procedures performed by the endoscopists (r=0.64, P e best colonoscopists have a higher CIR, use less sedation, cause less discomfort and find more polyps. Measuring patient comfort is valuable in monitoring performance.

关键词： endoscopy Colonoscopy Quality Comfort Performance

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Geographical location affects size and materials used in the construction of european Pied Flycatcher(Ficedula hypoleuca) nests

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Avian Research 2019年第2期10卷 111-125页

作者： kevin B.Briggs Lucia e.Biddle D.Charles Deeming Joseph Banks Laboratories School of Life SciencesUniversity of Lincoln

Background: Nest construction is a key element of avian reproductive behaviour and the result is often a complex structure that is used for incubation of eggs, which represents an extended phenotype. It is known that nest construction is a plastic behaviour but the extent to which plasticity is observed in a single species with a wide geographical distribution is largely unknown. This study sought to better understand variation in nest size and composition across a very wide geographical area. The hypothesis suggested that location would affect size but not composition of nests of the european Pied Flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca). Methods: Nests and reproductive data were collected from seventeen study sites, spread over 6° of latitude and 3.3° of longitude on the island of Great Britain. Dimensions of nests were measured before they were deconstructed to determine the masses and types materials used in the outer nest and the cup lining. Results: Geographical variation was observed in base thickness of nests but not many other dimensions. Nests varied in composition but were mainly made of leaf, moss, bark, grass, root and fern. Moss was used more to the north and east of the study area compared with more leaf mass towards the south and west. The species of leaf and bark used in the nests varied between geographical locations. Additionally, the use of leaves or bark from a particular tree species did not reflect the incidence of the tree species in the immediate territory. Conclusions: This study showed that nest composition was affected by geographical location over a wide area. Variation between nests at each location was high and so it was concluded that differences in nest composition reflect individual selection of materials but evidence is such that it remains unclear whether this is deliberate to fulfil a specific role in the nest, or simply opportunistic with birds simply picking up materials with the appropriate characteristics as they find them outside the

关键词： Breeding success Ficedula hypoleuca Latitude Longitude Nest composition Nest size Nest structure

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