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Cu-Based Materials for Enhanced C_(2+) Product Selectivity in Photo-/Electro-Catalytic CO_(2) Reduction: Challenges and Prospects

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 25-66页

作者： baker Rhimi Min Zhou Zaoxue Yan Xiaoyan Cai Zhifeng Jiang Institute for Energy Research School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringJiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116People’s Republic of China

Carbon dioxide conversion into valuable products using photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is an effective approach to mitigate global environmental issues and the energy shortages. Among the materials utilized for catalytic reduction of CO_(2), Cu-based materials are highly advantageous owing to their widespread availability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, Cu-based materials demonstrate interesting abilities in the adsorption and activation of carbon dioxide, allowing the formation of C_(2+) compounds through C–C coupling process. Herein, the basic principles of photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reactions(PCO_(2)RR) and electrocatalytic CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECO_(2)RR) and the pathways for the generation C_(2+) products are introduced. This review categorizes Cu-based materials into different groups including Cu metal, Cu oxides, Cu alloys, and Cu SACs, Cu heterojunctions based on their catalytic applications. The relationship between the Cu surfaces and their efficiency in both PCO_(2)RR and ECO_(2)RR is emphasized. Through a review of recent studies on PCO_(2)RR and ECO_(2)RR using Cu-based catalysts, the focus is on understanding the underlying reasons for the enhanced selectivity toward C_(2+) products. Finally, the opportunities and challenges associated with Cu-based materials in the CO_(2) catalytic reduction applications are presented, along with research directions that can guide for the design of highly active and selective Cu-based materials for CO_(2) reduction processes in the future.

关键词： Photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction Cu-based materials Electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction

First experience in laparoscopic surgery in low and middle income countries: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第2期16卷 546-553页

作者： Rebekka Troller Jasmine Bawa Olivia baker James Ashcroft Department of Surgery Medway Maritime HospitalGillingham ME75NYKentUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University Hospital CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic surgery has reduced morbidity and mortality rates,shorter post-operative recovery periods and lower complication rates than open *** is routine practice in high-income countries and is becoming increasingly common in countries with limited ***,introducing laparoscopic surgery in low-and-middle-income countries(LMIC)can be expensive and requires resour-ces,equipment,and *** To report the challenges and benefits of introducing laparoscopic surgery in LMIC as well as to identify solutions to these challenges for countries with limited finances and *** MEDLINE,EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched for studies reporting first experience in laparoscopic surgery in *** studies were published between 1996 and 2022 with full text available in *** criteria were studies considering only open surgery,ear,nose,and throat,endoscopy,arthro-scopy,hysteroscopy,cystoscopy,transplant,or bariatric *** Ten studies out of 3409 screened papers,from eight LMIC were eligible for inclusion in the final analysis,totaling 2497 *** reported challenges were related to costs of equipment and training programmes,equipment pro-blems such as faulty equipment,and access to surgical ***-related challenges were reliance on foreign trainers and lack of locally trained surgeons and theatre *** benefits of introducing laparoscopic surgery were economic and clinical,including a reduction in hospital stay,complications,and morbidi-ty/*** introduction of laparoscopic surgery also provided training opportunities for junior *** Despite financial and technical challenges,many studies emphasise the overall benefit of introducing laparoscopic surgery in LMICs such as reduced hospital stay and the related lower cost for *** many of the clinical centres in LMICs have proposed practical solutions to the challenges reported,more support is critical

关键词： Laparoscopic surgery Low and middle income country First experience Training in laparoscopic surgery

Loss to Specialized Cardiology Follow-Up in Adults Living with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2024年第1期19卷 49-63页

作者： Cheryl Dickson Danielle Osborn David baker Judith Fethney David S.Celermajer Rachael Cordina Department of Cardiology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydneyAustralia Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery The University of SydneySydneyAustralia Sydney Medical School The University of SydneySydneyAustralia

Background:Much has been written about the loss to follow-up in the transition between pediatric and adult Congenital Heart Disease(CHD)care *** less is understood about the loss to follow-up(LTF)after a successful *** is critical too,as patients lost to specialised care are more likely to experience mor-bidity and premature ***:To understand the prevalence and reasons for loss to follow-up(LTF)at a large Australian Adult Congenital Heart Disease(ACHD)***:Patients with moderate or highly complex CHD and gaps in care of>3 years(deﬁned as LTF)were identiﬁed from a comprehensive ACHD *** telephone interviews examined current care and barriers to clinic ***:Overall,407(22%)of ACHD patients(n=1842)were *** mean age at LTF was 31(SD 11.5)years and 54%were male;311(76%)were *** to adults seen regularly,lost patients were younger,with a greater socio-economic disadvantage,and had less complex CHD(p<0.05 for all).We interviewed 59 patients(14%).The top 3 responses for care absences were“feeling well”(61%),losing track of time(36%),and not needing fol-low-up care(25%).Conclusions:A large proportion of the ACHD population becomes lost to specialised cardiac care,even after a successful *** Australian study reports younger age,moderate complexity defects,and socio-economic disadvantage as predictive of loss to *** study highlights the need for novel approaches to patient-centered service delivery even beyond the age of transition and resources to maintain patient engagement within the ACHD service.

关键词： Loss to follow-up follow-up adult congenital heart disease lapse in care gaps in care care gaps care continuity ACHD predictors

Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke Kathryn J.Allen Raphael Trouve Thiet V.Nguyen Patrick J.baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances have influenced the development of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncover the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s over *** site showed evidence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no evide nce of high-severity disturbance at any time over the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-severity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positive association between cyclone occurrence and growth release events and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** variations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observed across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand development *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also provides new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effective forest conservation and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

Enhanced wear resistance,antibacterial performance,and biocompatibility using nanotubes containing nano-Ag and bioceramics in vitro

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 670-686页

作者： Qingge Wang Jia Liu Hong Wu Jingbo Liu Yaojia Ren Luxin Liang Xinxin Yan Ian baker Shifeng Liu V.V.Uglov Chengliang Yang Liqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Guangxi Key Laboratory for Preclinical and Translational Research on Bone and Joint Degenerative DiseasesGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials in Bone and Joint Degenerative DiseasesGuangxi Key Laboratory for Biomedical Material ResearchBaise 533000China Department of Orthopedics The Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410011China Department of Orthopedics Renmin HospitalWuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China Thayer School of Engineering Dartmouth CollegeHanoverNH 03755-8000USA School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Belarusian State University 220030 MinskBelarus State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

A good Ti-based joint implant should prevent stress shielding and achieve good bioactivity and anti-infection *** meet these requirements,the low-elastic-modulus alloy—Ti–35Nb–2Ta–3Zr—was used as the substrate,and functional coatings that contained bioceramics and Ag ions were prepared for coating on TiO_(2)nanotubes(diameter:(80±20)nm and(150±40)nm)using anodization,deposition,and spin-coating *** effects of the bioceramics(nano-β-tricalcium phosphate,microhydroxyapatite(micro-HA),and meso-CaSiO_(3))and Ag nanoparticles(size:(50±20)nm)on the antibacterial activity and the tribocorrosion,corrosion,and early in vitro osteogenic behaviors of the nanotubes were *** tribocorrosion and corrosion results showed that the wear rate and corrosive rate were highly dependent on the features of the nanotube ***-HA showed great wear resistance with a wear rate of(1.26±0.06)×10^(−3)mm^(3)/(N·m)due to adhesive and ***-CaSiO_(3)showed enhanced cell adhesion,proliferation,and alkaline phosphatase *** coatings that contained nano-Ag exhibited good antibacterial activity with an antibacterial rate of≥89.5%against Escherichia *** findings indicate that hybrid coatings may have the potential to accelerate osteogenesis.

关键词： βTi alloy Surface modification Wear resistance Corrosion resistance Osteogenic behavior Antibacterial activity

Multiplicity dependence of the freezeout parameters in high energy hadron-hadron collisions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 124-133页

作者： Muhammad Ajaz Majid Shehzad Muhammad Waqas Haifa I.Alrebdi Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad Antalov Jagnandan Shawn Jagnandan Murad Badshah Jalal Hasan baker Abdul Mosawir Quraishi Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan School of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Physics and StatisticsFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Guyana101110 GeorgetownGuyananSouth America Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim UniversityUnaizahSaudi Arabia

We examined the transverse momentum(pT)spectra of various identified particles,encompassing both light-flavored and strange hadrons(π++π−,K++K−,p+p¯,ϕ,K0s,Λ+Λ¯,Ξ−+Ξ¯+,andΩ−+Ω¯+),across different multiplicity classes in proton-proton collisions(p-p)at a center-of-mass energy of s√=7 *** the Tsallis and Hagedorn models,parameters relevant to the bulk properties of nuclear matter were *** models exhibit good agreement with experimental *** our analyses,we observed a consistent decrease in the effective temperature(T)for the Tsallis model and the kinetic or thermal freeze-out temperature(T0)for the Hagedorn model,as we transitioned from higher multiplicity(class-I)to lower multiplicity(class-X).This trend is attributed to the diminished energy transfer in higher multiplicity ***,we observed that the transverse flow velocity(βT)experiences a decline from class-I to *** normalization constant,which represents the multiplicity of produced particles,was observed to decrease as we moved toward higher multiplicity *** the effective and kinetic freeze-out temperatures,as well as the transverse flow velocity,show a mild dependency on multiplicity for lighter particles,this dependency becomes more pronounced for heavier *** multiplicity parameter for heavier particles was observed to be smaller than that of lighter particles,indicating a greater abundance of lighter hadrons compared to heavier *** particle species were observed to undergo decoupling from the fireball at distinct temperatures:lighter particles exhibit lower temperatures,while heavier ones show higher temperatures,thereby supporting the concept of multiple freeze-out ***,we identified a positive correlation between the kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity,a scenario where particles experience stronger collective motion at a higher freeze-out *** reason for this positive correlation is th

关键词： multiplicity dependence collective properties thermal energy

COVID-19 vaccination produces exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells regardless of infection history

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 99-107页

作者： Kyle A.Smith Tiffany M.Zúñiga Forrest L.baker Helena Batatinha Charles R.Pedlar Shane C.Burgess Michael P.Gustafson Emmanuel Katsanis Richard J.Simpson School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA Department of Pediatrics The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Faculty of Sport Allied Health and Performance ScienceSt.Mary's UniversityTwickenham TW14SXUK Institute of Sport Exercise and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 7HUUK Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85721USA The University of Arizona Cancer Center The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85719USA Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic ArizonaPhoenixAZ 85054USA Department of Immunobiology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Medicine The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA Department of Pathology The University of ArizonaTucsonAZ 85724USA

Background:The mobilization and redistribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies(nAbs)during exercise is purported to increase immune surveillance and protect against severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).We sought to determine if COVID-19 vaccination would elicit exercise-responsive SARS-CoV-2 T-cells and transiently alter nAb ***:Eighteen healthy participants completed a 20-min bout of graded cycling exercise before and/or after receiving a COVID-19 *** major leukocyte subtypes were enumerated before,during,and after exercise by flow cytometry,and immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 were determined using whole blood peptide stimulation assays,T-cell receptor(TCR)-βsequencing,and SARS-CoV-2 nAb ***:COVID-19 vaccination had no effect on the mobilization or egress of major leukocyte subsets in response to intensity-controlled graded ***,non-infected participants had a significantly reduced mobilization of CD4+and CD8+naive T-cells,as well as CD4+central memory T-cells,after vaccination(synthetic immunity group);this was not seen after vaccination in those with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection(hybrid immunity group).Acute exercise after vaccination robustly mobilized SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells to blood in an intensity-dependent *** groups mobilized T-cells that reacted to spike protein;however,only the hybrid immunity group mobilized T-cells that reacted to membrane and nucleocapsid *** increased significantly during exercise only in the hybrid immunity ***:These data indicate that acute exercise mobilizes SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells that recognize spike protein and increases the redistribution of nAbs in individuals with hybrid immunity.

关键词： Anti-viral COVID-19 Exercise immunology SARS-CoV-2 T-Cells Vaccine

High-quality assembled and annotated genomes of Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana reveal chromosome evolution and changes in defense arsenals

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Molecular Plant 2024年第3期17卷 423-437页

作者： Jubin Wang Qingling Zhang Jeffrey Tung Xi Zhang Dan Liu Yingtian Deng Zhendong Tian Huilan Chen Taotao Wang Weixiao Yin Bo Lij Zhibing Lai Savithramma P.Dinesh-Kumar Barbara baker Feng Li National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Fruit and Vegetable Horticultural Crops College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Plant Gene Expression Center Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94706USA College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China Department of Plant Biology and The Genome Center College of Biological SciencesUniversity of CalforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi Province Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchang 330299China institute of Vegetables and Flowers Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanchang 330200Chin Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Nicotiana tabacum and Nicotiana benthamiana are widely used models in plant biology ***,genomic studies of these species have *** we report the chromosome-level reference genome assemblies for *** and *** with an estimated 99.5%and 99.8%completeness,*** transcription start and termination site sequencing methods were developed and used for accurate gene annotation in *** analyses revealed evidence for the parental origins and chromosome structural changes,leading to hybrid genome formation of each ***,theantiviral silencinggenesRDR1,RDR6,DCL2,DCL3,andAGO2were lost from one or both subgenomes in ***,while both homeologs were kept in ***,the *** genome encodes fewer immune receptors and signaling components than that of *** find-ings uncover possible reasons underlying the hypersusceptible nature of *** developed the user-friendly Nicomics(http:/***/Nicomics/)web server to facilitate better use of Nicotiana genomic resources as well as gene structure and expression analyses.

关键词： Nicotiana tabacum Nicotiana benthamiana genomics evolution disease resistance NLR

A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.Beeren G.Dos Santos P.J.Dijkstra C.Mota J.Bauer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis N.Neves S.Camarero-Espinosa M.B.baker L.Moroni Department of Complex Tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3B’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PCL5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PCL75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PCL *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMSCs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of BMP receptor II(BMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing Blending Surface functionalization Surface density Click chemistry Human