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Wheelchair Seating: Peak Pressure Distribution in Young versus Elderly Healthy Controls

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2019年第2期7卷 25-34页

作者： Marina Timm kersti samuelsson Center of Assistive Devices County Council Sk&#246 vde Sweden Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link&#246 ping University Link&#246 ping Sweden

Background: People may use a wheelchair when they need assistance with mobility. Some users have to remain seated in their wheelchair for most of their awake time and for a lot of activities. The need for a well fitted and supportive wheelchair is important and, for those who use the wheelchair for many hours, peak pressure distribution is of interest to prevent pressure ulcers and discomfort. Aim: To describe how high local peak pressures may be distributed over risk areas for pressure ulcers in different wheelchair settings. Methods: Two groups of healthy adults were recruited (40 elderly and 30 younger individuals). Two standard models of manual wheelchairs were used together with two types of wheelchair cushions. Results: The elderly group had a higher peak pressure over the ischial tuberosity and increased posterior pelvic rotation in the shaped seat cushion. Both groups had higher peak pressure over the trochanter in the shaped seat cushion. Peak pressure was also higher over the coccyx for the elderly in the shaped seat cushion compared with the plain cushion;this was lower for the younger group. Discussion: The results indicate that age might influence the important physical prerequisites when fitting a wheelchair to an individual.

关键词： Age Interface Pressure Pressure Ulcers Prevention

Vocational Rehabilitation after Acquired Brain Injury: A Swedish Study of Benefits and Costs

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2014年第3期2卷 133-145页

作者： kersti samuelsson Maria Tropp Anna Lundqvist Clinical Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Department of Medicine and Health Sciences Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden

Purpose: To examine the benefits from a vocational rehabilitation program for patients suffering from Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) in terms of quality of life, and overall health. In addition, to examine the direct societal costs of healthcare interventions related to vocational rehabilitation and indirect societal costs related to production loss. Method: Identified interventions in 45 patients with ABI who were discharged from a vocational rehabilitation program between 2010 and 2011 were documented, classified and translated into costs. Expenses associated with production loss were calculated by comparing sick leave production loss at first contact with the team, with sick leave production loss at discharge. Health related QoL and overall health, was measured at first contact and at discharge by using the EQ5D. Results: For vocational rehabilitation interventions, mean costs were €6303/individual/month. At first contact with the team, mean production loss was estimated to be €4409/individual/month compared;at discharge to be €2446. QoL ratings increased from first contact to discharge, although estimated health did not change. At discharge, significant correlations were found between QoL ratings and estimated health and the extent of production loss

关键词： Clinical Evidence Health Economics Return to Work Work Training

Computerized Training of Working Memory for Patients with Acquired Brain Injury

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2015年第2期3卷 46-55页

作者： Lovisa Hellgren kersti samuelsson Anna Lundqvist Bjorn Borsbo Clinical Department of Rehabilitation Medicine County Hospital RyhovJonkopingSweden Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Health SciencesLinkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden

Background: Patients with acquired brain injury often experience impaired working memory (WM), a condition that can make everyday life activities and work difficult. Objectives: This study investigates the effects of computerized WM training on WM skills, cognitive tests, activity performance and estimated health and whether the effects of computerized WM training can be attributed to sex or time since injury. Methods: Forty-eight patients with acquired brain injury underwent computerized WM training. Patients were tested by a neuropsychologist and interviewed by an occupational therapist just prior and 20 weeks after completion of training. Results: Patients who participated in computerized WM training significantly improved their WM skills shown in WM index, their neuropsychological test scores, and their self-estimated health scores. They also significantly improved their performance of individually defined WM-related everyday activities and their satisfaction with the performance of these activities. There was a significant difference in terms of WM index, WM-related daily activity performance, and satisfaction with respect to time since injury. Conclusion: Computerized WM training can improve cognitive and everyday performance for patients with acquired brain injury. Patients can improve their cognitive functions a long time after suffering a brain injury or disease. This effect is greater if WM training is used early in the rehabilitation.

关键词： Working Memory Brain Injury Rehabilitation Adults

Mindfulness and Aerobic Exercise as an Intervention for Cognitive Dysfunction Following an Acquired Brain Injury: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2019年第1期7卷 12-24页

作者： Lovisa Hellgren Anna Lundqvist Bjorn Borsbo Richard Levi kersti samuelsson Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Region Jonkoping CountyJonkopingSweden Department of Medical and Health Sciences Linkoping UniversityLinköpingSweden Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden

Background: Cognitive impairments as sequelae of brain injury are common and can negatively affect activities of everyday life, participation and quality of life. Thus, finding ways to reduce cognitive impairments and ameliorate their negative impact on everyday life is an important focus of research. Aim: The aim of this pilot study was to analyse the effects of a combination of guided mindfulness and aerobic exercise on cognitive ability and mental fatigue in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI). Design: Pilot study, with a before-after design. Setting: Outpatient. Population: Twenty-one patients suffering from ABI, former patients of three rehabilitation medicine departments. Methods: The intervention comprised a structured combination of guided mindfulness program and outdoor walking, three times/week for 12 weeks. The outcome measures included assessment of information processing speed, working memory, oxygen uptake and self-reported mental fatigue. Results: The main results showed improvements in cognitive abilities related to information processing speed, perceived mental fatigue and physical capacity. Conclusions: A combination of mindfulness and physical activity can increase information processing speed and ameliorate mental fatigue. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact: The combination of guided mindfulness and physical activity shows promise as a treatment modality in rehabilitation of impaired information processing speed and mental fatigue following ABI.

关键词： Rehabilitation Acquired Brain Injury Mental Fatigue Cognition