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Local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret Kebele, Basona Worena district, Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 381-393页

作者： solomon Ayele Tadesse solomon Mulu Tafere Department of Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture and Natural Resource SciencesDebre Berhan UniversityP.O.Box 445Debre BerhanEthiopia Department of Forestry College of AgricultureWollo UniversityP.O.Box 1145DessieEthiopia

Introduction:Growing Eucalyptus at a farm level in the form of woodlot has become popular among rural households in *** example,rural households mainly establish Eucalyptus woodlot as a component of livelihood improvement and diversification to meet household wood demand and generating cash ***,there is lack of information on the growth parmeters of Eucalyptus woodlot and the factors influencing the household decision on their establishment at the individual farmland *** objective of this study was to examine local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret *** hypothesized that local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret Kebele is affected by socioeconomic and cognitive ***:A structured questionnaire comprising closed-and open-ended questions was developed and administered to a total of n=94 households to collect information on local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus *** households were randomly selected through a lottery system based on their house identification *** statistics,binary logit,and multiple linear regression were used to analyze and interpret the ***:The results revealed that about 92%of the respondents noted that growing Eucalyptus woodlot had positive impacts on the socioeconomic situation of the community considering that it contributes to economic benefits through the sale of wood products,such as poles,construction materials,and ***,only 8%of the respondents noted that the negative impacts of Eucalyptus woodlot were attributed to the decline in crop and forage production due to its allelopatic effect,and the reduction in ground water *** of the respondents(about 68%)preferred to grow Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret ***,most of the respon

关键词： Adverse impacts Binary logit regression Cognitive variables Eucalyptus Fuelwood Local communities Multiple linear regression Rural households Socioeconomic variables Woodlot

Seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 Exposure among “High-Risk” Populations (Healthcare Workers, People Who Attend Markets, and School Children) in Zanzibar

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 34-55页

作者： Ame Masemo solomon Mwakasungula Khamis Kheir Erick Mgina Nahya Khamis Irabi Kassim Bihila Bakar Khamis Salim Sarah Mswata Kibwana Omar Theckla Kazimoto Linzy Elton Honorati Masanja Mayassa Ally Zanzibar Health Research Institute Binguni Zanzibar Ifakara Health Institute Bagamoyo Tanzania National Institute for Medical Research Muhimbili Centre Dar es Salaam Tanzania Binguni Public Health Laboratory Binguni Zanzibar Department of Microbiology Mnazi Mmoja Hospital Stone Town Zanzibar Centre for Clinical Microbiology Royal Free Hospital Campus University College London London UK

In Zanzibar, from the start of the pandemic in March 2020 to the time of sampling in December 2020, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence data was limited. We conducted a seroprevalence study to evaluate the magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 exposure among healthcare workers, school children, and people who attended general markets in Zanzibar. The objectives of the study were to analyse the total antibodies from selected higher-risk population groups in order to determine magnitude in SARS CoV-2 exposure. Blood samples were collected from eligible and consented participants (adults and children), and their serum was analyzed for total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 using ELISA. A questionnaire was used to collect participants’ demographic and clinical data. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across all age groups was 33%, and a higher seroprevalence was observed in the 40 - 49 years’ age group relative to other ages as well as in those who attended markets. A runny nose (18.8% of participants) was the most frequently reported SARS-CoV-2 infection-related symptom. Multivariable analysis showed significantly higher odds of infection in people living in urban districts. The findings provide insight into SARS-CoV-2 infection among school children, health workers, and people who attended markets in Zanzibar in the early stages of the pandemic. Exposure in these groups might have been influenced by infection and prevention strategies taken by the government, as well as shopping behavior, school overcrowding, and population density in urban settings. The study had methodological limitations, including cross-sectional design. Further, well-designed, longitudinal studies are recommended to understand exposure and transmission at a population level.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence Zanzibar ELISA COVID-19

Molecular phylogeny of the genus Corchorus(Grewioideae,Malvaceae s.l.) based on nuclear rDNA ITS sequences

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The Crop Journal 2018年第5期6卷 552-563页

作者： solomon Benor Department of Biotechnology College of Biological and Chemical Engineering Addis Ababa Science and Technology University

A molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Corchorus(Grewioideae,Malvaceae s.l.)is presented,based on sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region for 144 accessions representing 47 *** other genera from the subfamily Grewioideae,namely Pseudocorchorus,Triumfetta,Sparrmannia,Entelea,and Grewia,were included as *** monophyly of the genus was well supported by all phylogenetic analyses(maximum likelihood,Bayesian approaches,and parsimony),and Corchorus was divided into four major *** majority of African species formed a statistically highly supported and distinct clade separated from the other pantropically distributed *** endemic species from Australia,New Caledonia,and tropical America were nested within this distinct clade,indicating dispersal from Africa to the rest of the *** on the taxa included in this study,the two cultivated species(*** and ***)shared a common ancestry with wild species of ***,***,***,***-olitorius,***,***,***,and ***,previously considered an accepted genus,was nested within the genus Corchorus and shared a common ancestry especially with *** and *** on morphological and anatomical similarity as well as the results of the present molecular findings,inclusion of the six Pseudocorchorus species into Corchorus is proposed,with Pseudocorchorus as a synonym of *** the included outgroup taxa,Triumfetta is the closest sister to Corchorus,while the common ancestor of Corchorus/Pseudocorchorus,Triumfetta,Sparrmannia,and Entelea is Grewia.A further phylogenetic study with more taxa mainly from Australia,together with additional molecular markers and morphological investigation,would help to test the hypothesis on the biogeography and growth form evolution of the genus Corchorus.

关键词： Corchorus Jute Malvaceae s.l. Phylogeny Pseudocorchorus

The brain-derived neurotrophic factor in neuronal plasticity and neuroregeneration: new pharmacological concepts for old and new drugs

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第6期13卷 983-984页

作者： solomon Habtemariam Herbal Analysis Services UK & Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories University of Greenwich

Neurotrophins：Neurotrophins are peptides or proteins that are known to regulate neuronal viability,development,and function Beyond synaptic plasticity,neurotrophins protect neurons from apoptosis and also promote neu... 详细信息

关键词： The brain-derived neurotrophic factor in neuronal plasticity and neuroregeneration new pharmacological concepts for old and new drugs

Impacts of CO2 and H2S on the risk of hydrate formation during pipeline transport of natural gas

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第3期13卷 616-627页

作者： solomon A. Aromada Bjorn Kvamme Department of Physics and Technology University of Bergen5007 BergenNorway Strategic Carbon LLC Vestre Holbergsallmenningen 175011 BergenNorway

Evaluation of maximum content of water in natural gas before water condenses out at a given temperature and pressure is the initial step in hydrate risk analysis during pipeline transport of natural gas, The impacts of CO2 and ELS in natural gas on the maximum mole-fractions of water that can be tolerated during pipeline transport without the risk of hydrate nucleation has been studied using our novel thermodynamic scheme. Troll gas from the North Sea is used as a reference ease, it contains very negligible amount of CO2 and no H2S. Varying mole-fractions of CO2 and INS were introduced into the Troll gas, and the effects these inorganic impurities on the water tolerance of the system were evaluated. It is observed that CO2 does not cause any distinguishable impact on water tolerance of the system, but H2S does. Water tolerance decreases with increase in concentration of H2S. The impact of ethane on the system was also investigated. The maximum mole-fraction of water permitted in the gas to ensure prevention of hydrate formation also decreases with increase in the concentration of C2H6 like H2S. H2S has the most impact, it tolerates the least amount of water among the components studied.

关键词： hydrate hydrogen Sulphide CO2 dewpoint pipeline

A Comparative study on generalized Manev potential and Newtonian potential in perturbed restricted four-body problem

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Applied Mathematics(A Journal of Chinese Universities) 2023年第1期38卷 44-57页

作者： Jagadish Singh Omale solomon Okpanachi Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Department of Engineering and Space Systems National Space Research and Development Agency(NASRDA)Obasanjo Space CentreAbujaNigeria

The motion of a test particle within the context of the restricted four-body problem(R4BP)driven by a new kind of potential,called the generalized Manev potential,with perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces is considered in this *** system possesses eight libration points which were distributed on its plane of motion in different manner from those of the usual Newtonian *** the case of the perturbed R4BP under Newtonian potential,where two of these librations are stable,all of them are unstable in linear sense under Manev *** found that a gradual perturbation in the centrifugal force causes the trajectories of motion to drift inward but the Coriolis force was proven to have no effect on the location of the libration points of the *** first order Lyapunov characteristic exponents,the dynamical behavior of the system is found *** experimented with a high velocity stellar system(82 ***)to establish the applicability of the model in astrophysics.

关键词： generalized Manev potential Coriolis force centrifugal force stability chaotic 82 G.Eridani

Potential hybrid feedstock for biodiesel production in the tropics

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Frontiers in Energy 2016年第3期10卷 329-336页

作者： solomon GIWA Oludaisi ADEKOMAYA Collins NWAOKOCHA Department of Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering College of Engineering and Environmental Studies Olabisi Onabanjo UniversityIbogun Campus Ifo 234039 Nigeria

Recently, mixture of different oils at various proportions have been used as feedstock for biodiesel production. The primary aim is to improve fuel properties which are strongly influenced by the fatty acid composition of the individual oil that makes up the feedstock mix. The tropics are renowned for abundant oil-bearing crops of which palm kernel oil （PKO） from palm seed and groundnut oil （GNO） are prominent. This present paper investigated biodiesel production from hybrid oil （HO） of PKO （medium carbon chain and highly saturated oil） and GNO （long carbon chain and highly unsaturated oil） at 50/ 50 （v/v） blending. The principal fatty acids （FAs） in the HO are oleic （35.62%） and lauric acids （24.23%） with 47.80% of saturated FA and 52.26% of unsaturated FA contents. The chemical conversion of the oil to methyl ester （ME） gave 86.56% yield. Fuel properties of hybrid oil methyl ester （the HOME） were determined in accordance with standard test methods and were found to comply with both ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards. The oxidative stability, cetane number and kinematic viscosity （KV） of HOME were observed to be improved when compared with those of GNO methyl ester from single parent oil, which could be accredited to the improved FA composition of the HO. The KV （3.69 minE/s） of HOME obtained in this paper was remarkably low compared with those reported in literature for most biodiesels. This value suggests better flow, atomization, spray and combustion of this fuel. Conclusively, the binary blend of oils can be a viable option to improve the fuel properties ofbiodiesel feedstock coupled with reduced cost.

关键词： groundnut oil palm kernel oil methyl ester,fuel properties tropics fatty acid composition

Woody plant diversity,structure and regeneration in the Ambo State Forest,South Gondar Zone,Northwest Ethiopia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第1期28卷 133-144页

作者： solomon Melaku Melese Belayneh Ayele Department of Forestry College of AgricultureWolloUniversityP.O.Box 1145DessieEthiopia Department of Natural Resources Management Bahir DarUniversityP.O.Box 1551Bahir DarEthiopia

For this study in the Ambo State Forest on woody plant diversity, structure and regeneration, 70 quadrats, each 25 m by 25 m, were selected using a systematic random sampling technique and intervals of 100 m along a transect line. For assessing seedlings and saplings, two 2 × 10 m sub quadrats were set upon opposite sides of each main quadrat. Data on species diversity, abundance, structure, basal area, density, frequency and regeneration status were collected and analyzed using standard procedures and programs. Of 58 woody plant species identified, 69 % were trees, 16 % were shrubs, 12 % were tree/shrubs and 4 % were climbers. Fabaceae was the most speciesrich family comprising 17 species. The Shannon-Weiner diversity index was 2.73, and evenness was 0.67. The population structure in the cumulative diameter class frequency distribution revealed an interrupted and inverted J-shape with a very high decrease in higher diameter class. Acacia lahai （49 %） was the most important woody species with the highest importance value index. To maintain balanced structure, enhanced regeneration and protecting the forest from selective cutting are recommended.

关键词： Ambo Forest Diversity Structure -Importance value index Regeneration status

Perceptions and attitudes of local people towards participatory forest management in Tarmaber District of North Shewa Administrative Zone, Ethiopia: the case of Wof-Washa Forests

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 168-183页

作者： solomon Ayele Tadesse Demel Teketay Department of Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture and Natural Resource SciencesDebre Berhan UniversityP.O.Box 445Debre BerhanEthiopia Department of Crop Science and Production Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesPrivate Bag 0027GaboroneBotswana

Introduction:Since the last few decades,the government of Ethiopia has introduced and adopted participatory forest management(PFM)in different regions of the ***,there is a lack of research dealing with perceptions and attitudes of local people towards PFM in Wof-Washa Forests(WWF).The aim of this study was to evaluate the perceptions and attitudes of local people towards PFM implemented in *** hypothesized that the perceptions and attitudes of local people towards PFM differ with socio-economic variables,such as sex,age,level of education,family size,occupation type,annual income,length of duration of local residence,livestock,and land ***:A structured questionnaire comprised of close-and open-ended questions was developed and administered to a total of n=64 households to collect information on the perceptions and attitudes of local people towards PFM in *** statistics and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze and interpret the ***:The results revealed that socio-economic variables had significant effects on the perceptions towards“the prevalence of the problems with the existing PFM system”(39%variance explained),“the concept of PFM”(30%variance explained),and“the presence of PFM practice”(11%variance explained).Majority of the respondents accepted the PFM program introduced in WWF in order to protect and manage the *** study also revealed that socio-economic variables had significant effects on the attitudes towards“managing forests via participatory approach”(16%variance explained),“having the responsibility to protect the WWF”(40%variance explained),and“accepting the PFM practice”(54%variance explained).However,the findings suggested that there were some respondents who were yet unsure to fully accept the concept and practice of ***:Creating public awareness about PFM is crucial to alleviate the problems of deforestation and reduce the unsustainable use of the *** socio-economic var

关键词： Deforestation Respondents Socio-economic variables Structured questionnaire Wof-Washa Forests