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Modern advances in reducing anxiety and pain associated with cystoscopy:Systematic review

World Journal of Translational Medicine 2015年第1期4卷 38-43页

作者： Hossein S Mirheydar Omer A Raheem Fuad F Elkhoury Ramzi Jabaji kerrin l palazzi Nishant Patel Rogelio Du Scott Maroney Kyoko Sakamoto Department of Urology UC San Diego Health System San Diego School of Medicine University of California VA San Diego Healthcare System

AIM:To investigate if music reduces anxiety and pain in the Veterans Affairs population undergoing flexible cystoscopy. METHODS:This study was reviewed and approved by the University of California,San Diego Human Research Protections Program Institutional Review Board. Patients were prospectively randomized to undergo flexible cystoscopy with or without music. Thirty-eight patients were randomized into either the No Music group(n = 24) or the Music group(n = 14). We used the state-trait anxiety inventory and the visual analog pain scale,respectively. Statistics were generated and compared using an independent t-test and chi-squared tests. P values lly significant. Outpatient cystoscopy is a safe and useful procedure employed frequently in Urology for diagnosis and evaluation of genitourinary pathologies. However,cystoscopy-related distress cannot be ignored. Three components of outpatient cystoscopy have been evaluated to improve the cystoscopic experience:local anesthetic control,cystoscopic equipment redesign and environmental modification. We reviewed the literature pertaining to these modifications. RESUlTS:The mean age was 65.3 and 67.1 years for men in the No Music and Music groups,***,the majority of patients in each group selfidentified as Caucasians(66%),African American,Hispanic and other ethnicities represented 13%,8% and 13% respectively. The majority of patients(68%) reported experiencing hematuria. Thirty-four percent had a history of bladder cancer,and eighteen percent had a history of prostate cancer. Ten patients(26%) admitted to taking antidepressants. Physiologic parameters that correlated to pain and anxiety(systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and heart rate) were statistically similar in both groups prior to and after flexible cystoscopy. The median delta anxiety between the No Music and Music groups were not significantly different(0.78 vs-1.46),and the pain scores between the No M

关键词： Flexible cystoscopy Veterans Anxiety Music

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