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Retransplantation for graft failure in chronic hepatitis C infection: A good use of a scarce resource?

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第40期16卷 5070-5076页

作者： Ian A Rowe kerri m barber Rhiannon Birch Elinor Curnow James m Neuberger Liver and Hepatobiliary Unit University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust Queen Elizabeth Hospital NHS Blood and Transplant

AIm: To investigate the outcome of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection undergoing liver retransplantation. mETHODS: Using the UK National Registry, patients undergoing liver transplantation for HCV-related liver disease were identified. Data on patient and graft characteristics, as well as transplant and graft survival were collected to determine the outcome of HCV patients undergoing retransplantation and in order to identify factors associated with transplant survival. RESULTS: Between march 1994 and December 2007, 944 adult patients were transplanted for HCV-related liver disease. At the end of follow-up, 617 of these patients were alive. In total, 194 (21%) patients had first graft failure and of these, 80 underwent liver retransplantation, including 34 patients where the first graft failed due to recurrent disease. For those transplanted for HCV-related disease, the 5-year graft survival in those retransplanted for recurrent HCV was 45% [95% confidence interval (CI): 24%-64%] compared with 80% (95% CI: 62%-90%) for those retransplanted for other indications (P = 0.01, log-rank test); the 5-year transplant survival after retransplantation was 43% (95% CI: 23%-62%) and 46% (95% CI: 31%-60%), respectively (P = 0.8, log-rank test). In univariate analysis of all patients retransplanted, no factor analyzed was significantly associated with transplant survival. CONCLUSION: Outcomes for retransplantation in patients with HCV infection approach agreed criteria for minimum transplant benefit. These data support selective liver retransplantation in patients with HCV infection.

关键词： Hepatitis C Liver Recurrence Retransplantation Outcome

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How will the latest modifications to the CG189 NICE guidelines for obesity management likely impact clinical care?

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第3期12卷 413-416页

作者： Thomas m.barber Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes Endocrinology and MetabolismUniversity Hospitals Coventry and WarwickshireClifford Bridge RoadCoventryUK Division of Biomedical Sciences Clinical Sciences Research LaboratoriesWarwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventryUK

Based on the 2019 Health Survey for England,nearly two thirds of the adult population and one third of children(aged 2-15 years)are either overweight or obese(1).In England,obesity affects 28%of adults,20%of boys and 13%of girls(1).Obesity is a chronic,often life-long disease that associates with>50 weight-related conditions,most notably type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D),and other dysmetabolic conditions that contribute towards the metabolic syndrome and many other conditions that impact on nearly every aspect of physiology and mental functioning(2).Obesity has a huge economic burden,with government estimates indicating the current costs of obesity in the UK at£6.1 billion to the National Health Service(NHS),and£27 billion to wider society(1).Despite this,obesity remains fundamentally misunderstood and *** is reflected by woeful under-funding of management strategies for obesity(despite many of these being highly efficacious),guidelines that place time-limitations on potentially effective therapies(with possible negative outcomes that stem from subsequent weight re-gain),and a prevailing fog of obesity-related stigma that seems to pervade its way throughout society like a contagion.

关键词： Obesity compassion awareness adaptability

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The emerging role of autophagic-lysosomal dysfunction in Gaucher disease and Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 380-384页

作者： kerri J.Kinghorn Amir m.Asghari Jorge Iván Castillo-Quan Institute of Healthy Ageing and Department of Genetics Evolution and EnvironmentUniversity College LondonLondonUK Institute of Neurology University College LondonLondonUK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience King's College LondonMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteLondonUK London Central&West Unscheduled Care Collaborative St.Charles Centre for Health and WellbeingExmoor Street StCharles HospitalLondonUK Research Division Joslin Diabetes CenterBostonMAUSA Department of Genetics and Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Gaucher disease（GD）,the commonest lysosomal storage disorder,results from the lack or functional deficiency of glucocerebrosidase（GCase） secondary to mutations in the GBA1 *** is an established association between GBA1 mutations and Parkinson＇s disease（PD）,and indeed GBA1 mutations are now considered to be the greatest genetic risk factor for *** lysosomal-autophagic degradation of cellular proteins,including α-synuclein（α-syn）,is implicated in the pathogenesis of PD,and there is increasing evidence for this also in GD and *** we have recently shown in a Drosophila model lacking neuronal GCase,that there are clear lysosomal-autophagic defects in association with synaptic loss and *** addition,we demonstrated alterations in mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1（mTORC1） signaling and functional rescue of the lifespan,locomotor defects and hypersensitivity to oxidative stress on treatment of GCase-deficient flies with the mT OR inhibitor ***,a number of other recent studies have shown autophagy-lysosomal system（ALS） dysfunction,with specific defects in both chaperone-mediated autophagy（CmA）,as well as macroautophagy,in GD and GBA1-PD model *** we discuss the possible therapeutic benefits of inhibiting mT OR using drugs such as rapamycin to reverse the autophagy defects in GD and PD.

关键词： Gaucher disease Parkinson's disease Drosophila autophagy lysosome glucocerebrosidase GBA

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太极拳对于老年癌症幸存者的作用:减缓瘤症治疗引起的残疾、跌倒、心脏病的加速发展(英文)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2014年第1期3卷 52-57+1+65页

作者： kerri m.Winters-Stone School of Nursing and Knight Cancer Institute Oregon Health & Science University

美国目前有超过1 370万癌症幸存者,预计这一数字将会在未来10年增加31%,医疗保健体系中将新增400万癌症幸存者。癌症在很大程度上与衰老相关,人口衰老会急剧增加老年癌症幸存者比例,其中很多是长期幸存者(确诊后5年)。本文综述了运动可... 详细信息

美国目前有超过1 370万癌症幸存者,预计这一数字将会在未来10年增加31%,医疗保健体系中将新增400万癌症幸存者。癌症在很大程度上与衰老相关,人口衰老会急剧增加老年癌症幸存者比例,其中很多是长期幸存者(确诊后5年)。本文综述了运动可能改善残疾、跌倒、心脏病的作用,这3种健康问题对老年癌症幸存者和医疗保健体系尤为重要,因为这些与衰老相关的问题会因为癌症治疗而加剧。虽然有多种运动形式及其改编版本,太极拳可能是减缓衰老、解决癌症相关问题的最佳选择。对非癌症患者的老年人的研究显示,太极拳能引起骨骼肌和有氧代谢适应,而且由于耗能低、运动模式缓慢而易于让老年人完成。由于癌症幸存者大多年老、不活跃,经常因为治疗的副作用而行动受限,他们需要安全实用且有效的运动形式。当前缺少已发表的研究太极拳减缓癌症治疗相关的骨骼肌和心血管副作用的对照实验,可见,在探索应用这种非西方运动形式改善老年癌症幸存者的长期结果方面存在相当多的研究机遇。

关键词：衰老癌症幸存者化学疗法运动肿瘤体力活动生理机能太极拳

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Astaxanthin Accumulation in the Green Alga Haematococcus pluvialis： Effects of Cultivation Parameters

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第4期49卷 447-451页

作者： Ping He James Duncan James barber Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Division of molecular Biosciences Imperial College London London SW7 2AY UK Graduate School of Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083 China

The green alga, Haematococcus pluvlalis Flotow is used as a source of the ketocarotenoid astaxanthin for application in fish aquaculture, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Ceils of the green alga were induced by the application of different light and starvation conditions to evaluate the effect in astaxanthin accumulate. The conditions used for the Induction were high light intensity （170 μmol·m^-2·s^-1）, iron starvation, sulfur starvation and phosphate starvation. The results show that stresses applied in culture, which interfere with cell division, trigger the accumulation of astaxanthin. Notably, sulfur starvation results in a massive accumulation of this commercially important carotenoid.

关键词： astaxanthin Haematococcus pluvialis iron light phosphate stress sulfur.

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Soil microbes weaken the positive effect of an aquaticterrestrial subsidy on plant performance

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第1期14卷 108-116页

作者： Alejandra B.Garcia Hannah Locke kerri m.Crawford Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of HoustonHoustonTX 77204USA

Aims Linkages formed through aquatic-terrestrial subsidies can play an important role in structuring communities and mediating ecosystem ***-terrestrial subsidies may be especially important in nutrient-poor ecosystems,such as the freshwater sand dunes surrounding Lake *** midges emerge from Lake michigan in the spring,swarm to mate and *** carcasses form mounds at the base of plants,where they may in crease plant productivity through their nutrient ***,the effect of aquatic-terrestrial subsidies on plant productivity could depend on other biotic *** particular,soil microbes might play a key role in facilitating the conversion of nutrients to plant-available forms or competing for the nutrients with *** In a greenhouse experiment,we tested how carcasses from lake emerge nt midges(Chironomidae)and soil microbes indepe ndently and interactively influe need the performance of a common dune grass,Calamovilfa *** determine whether midges influenced abiotic soil properties,we measured how midge additions influe need soil nutrients and soil *** Findings midges greatly increased plant biomass,while soil microbes in flue need the magnitude of this *** the absence of soil microbes plant biomass was seven times greater with midges than without ***,in the presence of soil microbes,plant biomass was only three times *** effect of midges might be driven by their nutrient inputs into the soil,as midges contained 100 times more N,10 times more P and 150 times more K than dune soils *** results suggest that soil microbes may be competing with plants for these *** sum,we found that midges can be an important aquatic-terrestrial subsidy that produces strong,positive effects on plant productivity along the shorelines of Lake michigan,but that the impact of aquatic-terrestrial subsidies must be considered within the context of the complex interactions that take

关键词： aquatic-terrestrial subsidies Calamovilfa longifolia lake emergent midges sand dunes soil microbes

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Resilience indicators support valuation of estuarine ecosystem restoration under climate change

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第4期3卷 15-33页

作者： L.A.Wainger D.H.Secor C.Gurbisz W.m.Kemp P.m.Glibert E.D.Houde J.Richkus m.C.barber Chesapeake Biological Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceP.O.Box 38SolomonsMaryland 20688 USA Horn Point Laboratory University of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceP.O.Box 775CambridgeMaryland 21613 USA National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center 1 Park PlaceSuite 300AnnapolisMD 21401 USA RTI International 70113th St.NWSuite 750WashingtonD.C.20005 USA

Economic valuation of ecological restoration most often encompasses only the most tangible ecosystem service benefits,thereby omitting many difficult-to measure benefits,including those derived from enhanced reliability of ecosystem *** climate change is likely to impose novel ecosystem stressors,a typical approach to valuing benefits may fail to capture the contribution of ecosystem resilience to sustaining long-term ***,we generally lack predictive probabilistic models that would enable measurement and valuation of ***,alternative measures are needed to complement monetary values and broaden understanding of restoration *** use a case study of Chesapeake Bay restoration(total maximum daily load)to show that ecosystem service benefits that are typically monetized leave critical information *** address these gaps,we review evidence for ecosystem services that can be quantified or described,including changes in harmful algal bloom *** further propose two integrative indicators of estuarine resilience-the extent of submerged aquatic vegetation and spatial distribution of *** aquatic vegetation extent is indicative of qualities of ecosystems that promote positive feedbacks to water *** distributed fish populations reduce risk by promoting diverse responses to spatially heterogeneous *** synthesis and new analyses for the Chesapeake Bay suggest that resilience metrics improve understanding of restoration benefits by demonstrating how nutrient and sediment load reductions will alleviate multiple sources of stress,thereby enhancing the system’s capacity to absorb or adapt to extreme events or novel stresses.

关键词： benefit-relevant indicators climate change economic valuation ecosystem services non-monetary benefit indicators resilience total maximum daily load water quality.

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Longitudinal Examination of Learning and memory in Rats Following Adolescent Exposure to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine or 5-methoxy-N,N-Diisopropyltryptamine

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2017年第9期7卷 371-398页

作者： David m. Compton kerri L. Dietrich Peniel Esquivel Corina Garcia Department of Psychology Donnelley Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory Palm Beach Atlantic University West Palm Beach FL USA

A drug of abuse, Foxy or methoxy Foxy gained popularity among recreational users as an alternative to mDmA (Ecstasy). Considerable research into the consequences of mDmA use is available, yet much remains unknown about the neurobiological consequences of Foxy use. In addition, research into the long-term neuropsychological repercussions associated with these two compounds remains incomplete. The goal of the present research was to explore the effects of mDmA or Foxy on cognitive processes associated with adolescent exposure considered over much of the lifespan. Here we investigated whether the reported effects following adolescent exposure resolved in early adulthood or continued throughout life. The protocol involved repeated doses of either mDmA or Foxy during the period defined as mid-adolescence (postnatal days 34 - 46) in rats, followed by the use of four series of learning and memory tasks repeated at different points in the rodent lifespan. At four time points in adulthood, the animals were trained and tested on a on a series of spatial and non-spatial memory tasks designed to assess the impact and severity of Foxy and mDmA. Oddly, mDmA-treated rats were impaired on a step down passive avoidance task. The performance of the drug-treated rats was markedly inferior to that of the control animals on more demanding water maze tasks, with some results suggesting a lack of flexibility in adapting to changing task demands. mDmA rats were the most impaired. While some persistent cognitive deficits were found, no significant group differences in serotonin or dopamine levels were found in any of the measured regions of the brain changes, cortical or subcortical. These results provide evidence for compromised neurocognition that continues long after drug exposure in the absence of any discernable changes in neurotransmitter levels. Several possible physiological and neurochemical mechanisms associated with these compounds requiring further study are also outlined.

关键词： mDmA Ecstasy 5-meO-DIPT Foxy Spatial Learning Development memory

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Clinical outcomes for men with positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy—results from the South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative community-based registry

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第4期10卷 502-511页

作者： kerri R.Beckmann michael E.O'Callaghan Andrew D.Vincent Kim L.moretti Nicholas R.Brook Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health Research University of South AustraliaAdelaideAustralia Translational Oncology and Urology Research Division of Pharmaceutical and Cancer StudiesKings College LondonLondonUK South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative Flinders Medical CentreAdelaideAustralia The Freemason's Foundation Centre for men's Health Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Discipline of Surgery University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Urology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

Objective Positive surgical margins(PSms)after radical prostatectomy(RP)indicate failure of surgery to completely clear *** confer an increased risk of biochemical recurrence(BCR),but how more robust outcomes are affected is *** study investigated factors associated with PSms following RP and determined their impact on clinical outcomes(BCR,second treatment[radiotherapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy],and prostate cancer-specific mortality[PCSm]).methods The study cohort included men diagnosed with prostate cancer(pT2-3b/N0/m0)between January 1998 and June 2016 who underwent RP from the South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative *** associated with risk of PSms were identified using Poisson *** impact of PSms on clinical outcomes(BCR,second treatment,and PCSm)was assessed using competing risk *** Of the 2827 eligible participants,28%had PSms—10%apical,6%bladder neck,17%posterolateral,and 5%at multiple *** follow-up was 9.6 years with 81 deaths from prostate cancer *** of PSm increased with higher pathological grade and pathological tumor stage,and greater tumour volume,but decreased with increasing surgeon volume(odds ratio[OR]:0.93;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.88-0.98,per 100 previous prostatectomies).PSms were associated with increased risk of BCR(adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio[sHR]2.5;95%CI 2.1-3.1)and second treatment(sHR 2.9;95%CI 2.4-3.5).Risk of BCR was increased similarly for each PSm location,but was higher for multiple margin *** found no association between PSms and *** Our findings support previous research suggesting that PSms are not independently associated with PCSm despite strong association with *** PSm rates remains an important objective,given the higher likelihood of secondary treatment with associated comorbidities.

关键词： Prostate cancer Positive surgical margin Biochemical recurrence Radical

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用高软化点沥青制备阳极糊的性能

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轻金属 1991年第8期 37-38,14页

作者： m.ke A barber Andie L.Proulx 韦涵光

序言侧插阳极棒自焙槽的一大问题是,从阳极逸出大量的沥青烟。近来的研究表明,电解厂房的工人愈来愈受到几种癌病的威胁。由于政府对自焙槽的环保要求愈来愈严格,因而要末降低沥青烟的逸散,否则只好停产。

关键词：沥青制备阳极糊高软化点电解

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