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Intracranial pressure is elevated at 24h post-stroke inmice

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Neuroprotection 2024年第1期2卷 60-64页

作者： Kirby E.Warren Rebecca J.hood Fredrick R.Walker Neil J.Spratt School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy University of NewcastleCallaghanAustralia Hunter Medical Research Institute NewLambton HeightsAustralia School of Biomedicine Discipline of Anatomy and PathologyFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewLambton HeightsAustralia

Background:It has long been assumed that post-stroke intracranial pressure(ICP)elevation occurs because of large infarct and edema ***,we have repeatedly shown IcP elevation at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of little to no edema in *** processes are often conserved across species and types of ***,we aimed to determine if an ICP rise occurs at 24 h post-stroke in the presence of small infarct and edema volumes in ***:Mice were randomized by random number table to either photothrombotic stroke or sham surgery(n=15).Epidural ICP was recorded using a fiber optic catheter at 1 h post-stroke(baseline)and between 23 and ***:ICP was significantly higher at 24 h compared to baseline in stroke animals(n=6;10.71±6.45mmHg vs.3.74±2.20mmHg,respec-tively;p=0.03).ICP at 24 h was also significantly higher in stroke mice compared to sham(n=6;3.45±1.43mmHg;p=0.02).There was no change in ICP in sham mice(p=0.9).Edema volumes in stroke animals were small(0.04±0.04 mm3)and unlikely to have caused significant ICP ***:This study provides evidence of an edema-independent ICP elevation following small ischemic stroke in *** occurrence of this rise supports our findings in other species and suggests it is caused by a previously undescribed mechanism.

关键词： cerebraledema intracranial pressure ischemic stroke

Lessons Learned as President of the Institute for Systems Biology(2000–2018)

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 1-9页

作者： Leroy E. hood Providence St. Joseph Health Seattle WA 98057 USA Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA

I stepped down as president of the Institute for Systems Biol- ogy （ISB） on Jan 1, 2018. As I think about my 17-year term as President, I am astounded at how much I have learned, not only about science but also abou... 详细信息

关键词： 21st-Century medicine Systems medicine Scientific wellness P4 healthcare Systems biology Personal, dense, dynamic data clouds

GRADUATION in Play with Other Systems of Meaning in the Enactment of Interpersonal Relations

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外国语 2020年第6期43卷 21-41页

作者： Susan hood Dongbing Zhang University of Sydney SydneyNSW 2006Australia University of International Business and Economics Beijing 100029China

Over the past two decades the quantity and scope of research drawing on the system of APPRAISAL in SFL has massively *** is reasonable to claim that the majority of these studies have foregrounded the subsystems of ATTITUDE and *** aim in contributing to this special issue celebrating two decades of APPRAISAL research is to focus on the subsystem of *** do so in descriptive accounts of three studies exploring the role of GRADUATION in the enactment of social relations and the building of affiliative *** intended contribution is *** the studies provide an indication of the progressive development and application of this dimension of SFL *** they range from analyses of written academic discourse to the semiosis of body language,and studies of English to Khorchin *** each study foregrounds the interpersonal function of GRADUATION we do not suggest that one can attend to this in *** thread that unites the studies is an emphasis on the ways in which expressions of GRADUATION always co-instantiate or couple with choices in other systems in the enactment of social relations,with different kinds of coupling differently supporting bonds for affiliation.

关键词： Systemic Functional Linguistics APPRAISAL GRADUATION coupling affiliation

Systems Approaches to Biology and Disease Enable Translational Systems Medicine

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2012年第4期10卷 181-185页

作者： Leroy hood Qiang Tian Institute for Systems Biology SeattleWA 98109-5234USA

The development and application of systems strategies to biology and disease are transforming medical research and clinical practice in an unprecedented rate. In the foreseeable future, clinicians, medical researchers, and ultimately the consumers and patients will be increasingly equipped with a deluge of personal health information, e.g., whole genome sequences, molecular profiling of diseased tissues, and periodic multi-analyte blood testing of biomarker panels for disease and wellness. The convergence of these practices will enable accurate prediction of disease susceptibility and early diagnosis for actionable preventive schema and personalized treatment regimes tailored to each individual. It will also entail proactive participation from all major stakeholders in the health care system. We are at the dawn of predictive, preventive, personalized, and participatory （P4） medicine, the fully implementation of which requires marrying basic and clinical researches through advanced systems thinking and the employment of high-throughput technologies in genomics, pro- teomics, nanofluidics, single-cell analysis, and computation strategies in a highly-orchestrated discipline we termed translational systems medicine.

关键词： Systems biology P4 medicine Family genome sequencing Targeted proteomics Single-cell analysis

Correcting for spatially dependent intrinsic efficiency on a germanium double-sided strip detector to improve nuclear forensics response

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Radiation Detection Technology and Methods 2022年第1期6卷 78-87页

作者： Timothy Jacomb-hood James Fast Craig Department of Nuclear Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWAUSA

Purpose The Germanium Gamma-ray Imager(GeGI)is a planar high-purity germanium(HPGe)imaging detector developed by PHDS Co for far-field *** research investigates the detector’s ability for measuring heterogeneous sources in the near field,placed directly on the detector’s faceplate,to perform isotopic mapping for nuclear forensic *** The intrinsic efficiency is strongly dependent on where the photons interact within the *** efficiency varies by up to 20%within the sensitive volume of the *** efficiency was mapped using eight different photons from 123 to 1274 keV emitted from a collimated 154Eu *** were measured at 108 locations to interpolate the efficiency at any point on the detector’s *** The position and energy dependence are uncorrelated,and thus,the absolute efficiency at any position and for any gamma-ray energy can be calculated by the convolution of the spatial and energy *** The results on this research show that detection efficiency for a planar two-sided strip HPGe is spatially dependent and shows typical energy *** spatial dependence,which does not have any additional energy dependence,can be corrected.A 154Eu source was used in this research and was able to spatially calibrate for photon energies ranging from 100 to 1300 *** method is applicable for sources with higher gamma *** advantages of the method demonstrated that after initial in-laboratory calibration,a single measurement in the field can be used to efficiently calibrate the HPGe as a function of photon interaction on the crystal.

关键词： Nuclear forensics Radiation detection Gamma-ray imaging

Mitophagy Regulation in Skeletal Muscle:Effect of Endurance Exercise and Age

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第3期1卷 228-236页

作者： Avigail T.Erlich David A.hood Muscle Health Research Centre School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork University4700 Keele StTorontoON M3J 1P3Canada

Mitochondria are essential energy-providing organelles that are required in the maintenance of healthy skeletal *** such,the removal of damaged mitochondria,through mitophagy,is necessary to maintain mitochondrial *** aging muscle,mitochondrial content and function are often found to be reduced compared to young *** occurs despite the fact that measures of mitophagy are elevated,suggesting that mitophagy is insufficiently high to remove all of the dysfunctional organelles in aging *** evidence has shown that acute exercise promotes mitophagic signaling,leading to organelle *** exercise-induced signaling is attenuated in aging muscle,suggesting that aging muscle loses its capacity for mitochondrial turnover in response to *** contributes to the reduction in muscle health in elderly *** exercise training improves mitochondrial content and function,even in aging muscle,leading to reduced mitophagy ***,exercise training should be prescribed for both young and elderly populations to pro-mote the maintenance of a healthy mitochondrial pool,through the stimulation of both organelle biogenesis and mitophagy.

关键词： Mitochondria Mitophagy Exercise Aging Lysosomes

Exercise is mitochondrial medicine for muscle

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2019年第1期1卷 11-18页

作者： Ashley N.Oliveira David A.hood Muscle Health Research Centre School of Kinesiology and Health ScienceYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada

Mitochondria are vital organelles that provide energy for muscle *** these organelles become dysfunctional,they produce less energy as well as excessive levels of reactive oxygen species which can trigger muscle atrophy,weakness and loss of *** this review,molecular evidence is provided to show that exercise serves as a useful therapeutic countermeasure to overcome mitochondrial dysfunction,even when key regulators of organelle biogenesis are *** findings illustrate the complexity and compensatory nature of exercise-induced molecular signaling to transcription,as well as to post-transcriptional events within the mitochondrial synthesis and degradation(***)*** with the first bout of contractile activity,exercise exerts a medicinal effect to improve mitochondrial health and whole muscle function.

关键词： Mitochondria Muscle Exercise Health Aging Metabolism Training

Human Gut Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第1期16卷 33-49页

作者： Changting Meng Chunmei Bai Thomas D. Brown Leroy E. hood Qiang Tian Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98109 USA Department of Oncology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing 100730 China Swedish Cancer Institute Seattle WA 98104 USA P4 Medicine Institute Seattle WA 98109 USA

Human gut microbiota play an essential role in both healthy and diseased states of humans. In the past decade, the interactions between microorganisms and tumors have attracted much attention in the efforts to understand various features of the complex microbial communities, as well as the possible mechanisms through which the microbiota are involved in cancer prevention, carcinogenesis, and anti-cancer therapy. A large number of studies have indicated that microbial dysbiosis contributes to cancer susceptibility via multiple pathways. Further studies have suggested that the microbiota and their associated metabolites are not only closely related to carcinogenesis by inducing inflammation and immune dysregulation, which lead to genetic instability, but also inter- fere with the pharmacodynamics of anticancer agents. In this article, we mainly reviewed the influ- ence of gut microbiota on cancers in the gastrointestinal （GI） tract （including esophageal, gastric, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers） and the regulation of microbiota by diet, prebiotics, pro- biotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, or the Traditional Chinese Medicine. We also proposed some new strategies in the prevention and treatment of GI cancers that could be explored in the future. We hope that this review could provide a comprehensive overview of the studies on the interactions between the gut microbiota and GI cancers, which are likely to yield translational opportunities to reduce cancer morbidity and mortality by improving prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

关键词： Inflammation Immune regulation Microbial metabolites Carcinogenesis Traditional ChineseMedicine

From Phage lambda to human cancer： endogenous molecular-cellular network hypothesis

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Frontiers of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in China 2013年第1期8卷 32-49页

作者： Gaowei Wang Xiaomei Zhu Leroy hood Ping Ao Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes Shanghai Cancer Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200032 China GenMath Corp. Seattle WA 98105 USA Institute for Systems Biology Seattle WA 98103 USA Department of Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

Experimental evidences and theoretical analyses have amply suggested that in cancer genesis and progression genetic information is very important but not the whole. Nevertheless, ＂cancer as a disease of the genome＂ is still currently the dominant doctrine. With such a background and based on the fundamental properties of biological systems, a new endogenous molecular-cellular network theory for cancer was recently proposed by us. Similar proposals were also made by others. The new theory attempts to incorporate both genetic and environmental effects into one single framework, with the possibility to give a quantitative and dynamical description. It is asserted that the complex regulatory machinery behind biological processes may be modeled by a nonlinear stochastic dynamical system similar to a noise perturbed Morse-Smale system. Both qualitative and quantitative descriptions may be obtained. The dynamical variables are specified by a set of endogenous molecular-cellular agents and the structure of the dynamical system by the interactions among those biological agents. Here we review this theory from a pedagogical angle which emphasizes the role of modularization, hierarchy and autonomous regulation. We discuss how the core set of assumptions is exemplified in detail in one of the simple, important and well studied model organisms, Phage lambda. With this concrete and quantitative example in hand, we show that the application of the hypothesized theory in human cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）, is plausible, and that it may provide a set of new insights on understanding cancer genesis and progression, and on strategies for cancer prevention, cure, and care.

关键词： Phage Lambda Intrinsic State Adaptive Landscape Regulatory Machinery Genetic Switch