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Beyond cotton and polyester: An evaluation of emerging feedstocks and conversion methods for the future of fashion industry

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 130-159页

作者： Ryen M.Frazier keren a.vivas Ivana Azuaje Ramon Vera Alonzo Pifano Naycari Forfora Hasan Jameel Ericka Ford Joel J.Pawlak Richard Venditti Ronalds Gonzalez Department of Forest Biomaterials North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Textile Engineering Chemistry and ScienceThe Nonwovens InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

As the global population grows,the demand for textiles is increasing ***,this puts immense pressure on manufacturers to produce more *** synthetic fibers can be pro-duced cheaply,they have a negative impact on the *** the other hand,fibers from wool,sisal,fique,wood pulp(viscose),and man-made cellulose fibers(MMCFs)from cotton can-not alone meet the growing fiber demand without major stresses on land,water,and existing markets using these *** a greater emphasis on transparency and circular economy practices,there is a need to consider natural non-wood alternative sources for MMCFs to supple-ment other fiber ***,introducing new feedstocks with different compositions may require different biomass conversion ***,based on existing work,this review ad-dresses the technical feasibility of various alternative feedstocks for conversion to textile-grade ***,alternative feedstocks are introduced,and then conventional(dissolving pulp)and emerging(fibrillated cellulose and recycled material)conversion technologies are evaluated to help select the most suitable and promising processes for these emerging alternative sources of *** is important to note that for alternative feedstocks to be adopted on a meaningful scale,high biomass availability and proximity of conversion facilities are critical *** North America,soybean,wheat,rice,sorghum,and sugarcane residues are widely available and most suitable for conventional conversion through various dissolving pulp production methods(pre-hydrolysis kraft,acid sulfite,soda,SO2-ethanol-water,and potassium hydroxide)or by emerging cellulose fibrillation *** dissolving pulp conversion is well-established,fibrillated cel-lulose methods could be beneficial from cost,efficiency,and environmental ***,the authors strongly encourage more work in this growing research ***,conducting thorough cost and sustainability assessment

关键词： Non-wood Residue Regenerated cellulose Dissolving pulp Man-made cellulose fiber Apparel textile

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Textiles from non-wood feedstocks: Challenges and opportunities of current and emerging fiber spinning technologies

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第4期9卷 410-432页

作者： Ryen M.Frazier Mariana Lendewig Ramon E.Vera keren a.vivas Naycari Forfora Ivana Azuaje Autumn Reynolds Richard Venditti Joel J.Pawlak Ericka Ford Ronalds Gonzalez Department of Forest Biomaterials North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Department of Textile Engineering Chemistry and ScienceThe Nonwovens InstituteNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

As the global population continues growing, the demand for textiles also increases, putting pres- sure on cotton manufacturers to produce more natural fiber from this already undersupplied resource. Synthetic fibers such as polyester (PET) can be manufactured quickly and cheaply, but these petroleum-based products are detrimental to the environment. With increased efforts to encourage transparency and create a more circular textile economy, other natural alternatives must be considered. This article discusses the existing condition and future possibilities for man- made cellulosic fibers (MMCFs), with an emphasis on using non-woody alternative feedstocks as a starting material. This work focuses on conversion technology suitable for producing textile- grade fibers from non-wood-based dissolving pulp, which may be different in nature from its woody counterpart and therefore behave differently in spinning processes. Derivatization and dissolution methods are detailed, along with spinning techniques and parameters for these pro- cesses. Existing research related to the spinning of non-woody-based dissolving pulp is covered, along with suggestions for the most promising feedstock and technology combinations. In addi- tion, an emerging method of conversion, in which textile fibers are spun from a hydrogel made of an undissolved nano/micro-fibrillated fiber suspension, is briefly discussed due to its unique po- tential. Methods and concepts compiled in this review relate to utilizing alternative feedstocks for future fibers while providing a better understanding of conventional and emerging fiber spinning processes for these fibers.

关键词： Non-wood Residue Regenerated cellulose Fibrillated cellulose Biobased fiber Textile Man-made cellulosic fiber

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Two-stage robust power cost minimization in a natural gas compressor station

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Petroleum Science 2022年第1期19卷 409-428页

作者： Yize Meng Ruoran Chen keren Zhang Tianhu Deng Department of Industrial Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

Optimal operation of a compressor station is important since it accounts for 25%to 50%of a company’s total operating *** short-term management of a compressor station,handling demand uncertainty is important yet *** studies either require precise information about the distribution of uncertain parameters or greatly simplify the compressor *** build a two-stage robust optimization framework of power cost minimization in a natural gas compressor station with nonidentical *** the first stage,decision variables are the ON/OFF state of each compressor and discharge *** worst-case cost of the second stage is incorporated in the first *** decision variables feasibility is discussed and proper feasibility cuts are also proposed for the first *** employ a piece-wise approximation and propose accelerate *** numerical results highlight two advantages of robust approach when managing uncertainty in practical settings:(1)the feasibility of first-stage decision can be increased by up to 45%,and(2)the worst-case cost can be reduced by up to 25%compared with stochastic programming ***,our numerical experiments show that the designed accelerate algorithm has time improvements of 1518.9%on average(3785.9%at maximum).

关键词： Natural gas Single station power minimization Nonconvex robust optimization C&CG algorithm

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Quantum second-order optimization algorithm for general polynomials

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2021年第10期64卷 54-63页

作者： Pan Gao keren Li Shijie Wei Gui-Lu Long State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen JL Computational Science and Applied Research Institute Shenzhen 518109China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology and School of Information Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information Beijing 100084China

Quantum optimization algorithms can outperform their classical counterpart and are key in modern technology. The second-order optimization algorithm(the Newton algorithm) is a critical optimization method, speeding up the convergence by employing the second-order derivative of loss functions in addition to their first derivative. Here, we propose a new quantum second-order optimization algorithm for general polynomials with a computational complexity of O(poly(log d)). We use this algorithm to solve the nonlinear equation and learning parameter problems in factorization machines. Numerical simulations show that our new algorithm is faster than its classical counterpart and the first-order quantum gradient descent algorithm. While existing quantum Newton optimization algorithms apply only to homogeneous polynomials, our new algorithm can be used in the case of general polynomials, which are more widely present in real applications.

关键词： quantum computation quantum algorithm optimization

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DEFYING DIFFICULTIES,STRIVING FOR A WAY OUT--Report on Guangdong Tannery Limited's Listing on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong

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大经贸 1997年第3期 93-94页

作者： keren

The challenge is easy to imagine, when a fledging enterprise such as Nanhai Tannery Plant was listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong, where it has to confront fierce competitions with other 500-plus enterprises.

关键词：出手海潮

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Active Eutectoid Decomposition of α → γ + τ _(1) and the Morphological Evolution in a Ru-Containing TiAl Alloy

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2021年第8期34卷 1042-1050页

作者： Yulun Wu Rui Hu Jieren Yang keren Zhang Xuyang Wang State Key Laboratory of Solidifi cation Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

The active eutectoid decomposition and its morphological evolution during slow cooling and isothermal holding were investigated in a Ru-containing Ti Al alloy. The fine τ 1/γ active eutectoid nodules precipitated at α grain boundary and interior during water quenching. The active eutectoid microstructure evolved from sheaf-like, granular to bulky net-like sluggish eutectoid morphology gradually with the decrease in quenching/holding temperatures. The active eutectoid reaction occurs from 1220 to 1290 ℃, while the beginning temperature of sluggish eutectoid locates at 1305 ± 5 ℃. The combination of the intact τ_(1) phase and immature nano-sized γ laths suggests a short incubation period of τ_(1) phase in the active type. Furtherly, the semiquantitative estimation shows that the growth velocity of active eutectoid is about ninety times higher than sluggish type. In addition, a representative feature of γ phase abruptly ripening along {111} crystallographic plane was also observed in the active eutectoid.

关键词： TiAl alloys Microstructure Eutectoid decomposition Heat treatment Cooling rate

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Carbon nanosheets derived from reconstructed lignin for potassium and sodium storage with low voltage hysteresis

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Nano Research 2021年第12期14卷 4664-4673页

作者： keren Jiang Xuehai Tan Shengli Zhai Ken Cadien Zhi Li Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 1H9Canada

Lignin is the second most abundant and the only nature polymer rich in aromatic *** aromatic-unit-rich precursors often yield soft carbon after carbonization,the side chains in lignin crosslink with the aromatic units and form a rigid three-dimensional(3D)structure which eventually leads to hard *** a graphene oxide-catalyzed decomposition and repolymerization process,we successfully reconstructed lignin by partially tailoring the side *** to directly carbonized lignin,the carbonized reconstructed lignin possesses significantly fewer defects,86%fewer oxygen-functionalities,82%fewer micropores,and narrower interlayer *** parameters can be tuned by the amount of catalysts(graphene oxide).When tested as anode for K-ion and Na-ion batteries,the carbonized reconstructed lignin delivers notably higher capacity at low-potential range(especially for Na-storage),shows much-improved performance at high current density,and most importantly,reduces voltage hysteresis between discharge and charge process by more than 50%,which is critical to the energy efficiency of the energy storage *** study reveals that the voltage hysteresis in K-storage is much severer than that in Na-storage for all *** practical K-ion battery applications,the voltage hysteresis deserves more attention in future electrode materials design and the reconstruct ion strategy introduced in this work provides potential low-cost solution.

关键词： lignin batteries polarization voltage hysteresis ring-forming defects

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Mechanical property enhancements and amorphous thermal transports of ordered weberite-type RE_(3)Nb/TaO_(7) high-entropy oxides

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第2期12卷 399-413页

作者： Lin CHEN keren LUO Baihui LI Mingyu HU Jing FENG Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055China

A_(3)BO_(7)-type(A=rare earth(RE),B=Nb or Ta)oxides have been studied as protective coating materials because of their low thermal conductivity;however,their hardness,toughness,and stiffness are insufficient,particularly for members with webeirte-type *** this work,we have synthesized two high-entropy oxides(HEOs)of weberite-type RE niobates/tantalates(RE_(3)Nb/TaO_(7)),i.e.,(Nd_(1/7)Sm_(1/7)Eu_(1/7)Gd_(1/7)Dy_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Er_(1/7))_(3)NbO_(7)(7HEOs-Nb)and(Nd_(1/7)Sm_(1/7)Eu_(1/7)Gd_(1/7)Dy_(1/7)Ho_(1/7)Er_(1/7))3(Nb_(1/2)Ta_(1/2))O_(7)(7HEOs-NbTa),to overcome the mechanical *** short-and long-range ordered arrangements of RE cations in the A-site and Nb/Ta cations in the B-site were identified by the X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometry(EDS),and transmission electron *** enhancements in hardness(H=9.4 GPa)and fracture toughness(KIC=2.0 MPa·m^(1/2))were realized by grain refinement,solid solution strengthening,and high stiffness(K).The exceptional phase stability at 25-1500℃,amorphous thermal conductivity(k=1.5-1.7 W·m^(−1)·K^(−1) at 25-900℃),and high thermal expansion coefficients(TEC>11.0×10^(−6) K^(−1) at 1500℃)further supported their potential application as protective coating materials.

关键词： high-entropy oxides(HEOs) RE niobates/tantalates(RE_(3)Nb/TaO_(7)) stiffness(K) fracture toughness(KIC) thermal transports

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Simultaneous manipulations of thermal expansion and conductivity in symbiotic ScTaO_(4)/SmTaO_(4) composites via multiscale effects

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第8期12卷 1625-1640页

作者： Lin Chen Jiankun Wang Baihui Li keren Luo Jing Feng Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

Effective manipulations of thermal expansion and conductivity are significant for improving operational performances of protective coatings,thermoelectric,and *** work uncovers determinant mechanisms of the thermal expansion and conductivity of symbiotic ScTaO_(4)/SmTaO_(4) composites as thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs),and we consider the effects of interface stress and thermal *** weak bonding and interface stress among composite grains manipulate coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE)stretching from 6.4×10^(−6) to 10.7×10^(−6) K^(−1) at 1300℃,which gets close to that of substrates in T/EBC *** multiscale effects,including phonon scattering at the interface,mitigation of the phonon speed(vp),and lattice point defects,synergistically depress phonon thermal transports,and we estimate the proportions of different *** interface thermal resistance(R)reduces the thermal conductivity(k)by depressing phonon speed and scattering phonons because of different acoustic properties and weak bonding between symbiotic ScTaO_(4) and SmTaO_(4) ceramics in the *** study proves that CTE of tantalates can be artificially regulated to match those of different substrates to expand their applications,and the uncovered multiscale effects can be used to manipulate thermal transports of various materials.

关键词： thermal management coefficient of thermal expansion(CTE) interface thermal resistance(R) thermal stress(σ) thermal/environmental barrier coatings(T/EBCs)

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Can we have a general theory of financial innovation processes? A conceptual review

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Financial Innovation 2018年第1期4卷 62-88页

作者： Tamer Khraisha keren Arthur Center for Network Science Central European UniversityNádor u.9Budapest H-1051Hungary University of Cape Coast Cape CoastGhana.

Introduction:Since the financial crisis of 2008,the theory of financial innovation has been a focus at a time of re-evaluation and ***,little has been done to evaluate the current state of research considering the increasing complexity of financial *** paper examines the hypothesis of a general theory that encompasses increasing complexities in the financial innovation ***:The paper begins with an overview of the definitions,the features,and the classification schemes of financial ***,the paper reviews the existing literature on the main objects of study in financial innovation and groups the findings under four main concepts.A conceptual analysis is presented that evaluates current approaches to the study of the financial innovation process and the difficulties inherent in constructing a single general *** paper proposes a framework based on a meta-theory of financial innovation as a better approach to understanding the inherent complexities and diversities affecting financial ***:(1)Financial innovations present diversities and complexities that make it infeasible to build a unifying general theory to explain their development.(2)The current state of research on financial innovation theories is limited and requires additional input.(3)A meta-theory that identifies,classifies,and connects theories of development for financial innovations is better suited to explaining the complexity of financial innovation processes.

关键词： Financial innovation process Complexity Meta-theory General theory

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