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Practical applications and limitations of basalt discrimination diagrams

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Big Earth Data 2023年第4期7卷 1081-1093页

作者： kentaro Nakamura Frontier Research Center for Energy and Resources(FRCER) School of EngineeringThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Determining the tectonic setting of unknown volcanic rocks continues to be one of the key challenges in *** discrimination diagrams have been successfully employed due to their ease of use,recently,validation with big data has raised questions about their *** this study,the discrimination boundaries of Th/Yb versus(vs.)Nb/Yb and TiO2/Yb ***/Yb diagrams,which are the most used types of discrimination diagrams,were redefined based on a large amount of compiled data and support vector machine,a machine learning *** effectiveness of discrimination diagrams was verified,and the limitations and conditions when using them were *** results show that when using the Th/Yb ***/Yb diagram,only basalts with Th/Yb ratios higher than the discrimination boundary can be identified as volcanic arcs in *** contrast,a significant overlap occurs across boundaries in other cases when using these diagrams,particularly for enriched samples with Nb/Yb ratios higher than ***,when using these diagrams to determine the tectonic setting of unknown samples,their limitations must be considered when interpreting their results.

关键词： Discrimination diagram tectonic setting support vector machine big data large petrological databases

The Chloroplast Outer Envelope Membrane:The Edge of Light and Excitement

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第8期49卷 1100-1111页

作者： kentaro Inoue Department of Plant Sciences College of Agricultural & Environmental SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaOne Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

The chloroplast is surrounded by a double-membrane envelope at which proteins, ions, and numerous metabolites including nucleotides, amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates are exchanged between the two aqueous phases, the cytoplasm and the chloroplast stroma. The chloroplast envelope is also the location where the biosynthesis and accumulation of various lipids take place. By contrast to the inner membrane, which contains a number of specific transporters and acts as the permeability barrier, the chloroplast outer membrane has often been considered a passive compartment derived from the phagosomal membrane. However, the presence of galactoglycerolipids and β-barrel membrane proteins support the common origin of the outer membranes of the chloroplast envelope and extant cyanobacteria. Furthermore, recent progress in the field underlines that the chloroplast outer envelope plays important roles not only for translocation of various molecules, but also for regulation of metabolic activities and signaling processes. The chloroplast outer envelope membrane offers various interesting and challenging questions that are relevant to the understanding of organelle biogenesis, plant growth and development, and also membrane biology in general.

关键词： chloroplast envelope lipid biosynthesis outer membrane protein import putative solute channel

Study on Performance and Flow Field of an Undershot Cross-Flow Water Turbine Comprising Different Number of Blades

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第5期26卷 413-430页

作者： Yasuyuki Nishi kentaro Hatano Terumi Inagaki Department of Mechanical Engineering Ibaraki University 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa-cho Hitachi-shi Ibaraki 316-8511JAPAN Graduate School of Science and Engineering Ibaraki University 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa-cho Hitachi-shi Ibaraki316-8511 JAPAN

Recently, small hydroelectric generators have gained attention as a further development in water turbine technology for ultra low head drops in open channels. The authors have evaluated the application of cross-flow water turbines in open channels as an undershot type after removing the casings and guide vanes to substantially simplify these water turbines. However, because undershot cross-flow water turbines are designed on the basis of cross-flow water turbine runners used in typical pipelines, it remains unclear whether the number of blades has an effect on the performance or flow fields. Thus, in this research, experiments and numerical analyses are employed to study the performance and flow fields of undershot cross-flow water turbines with varying number of blades. The findings show that the turbine output and torque are lower, the fluctuation is significantly higher, and the turbine efficiency is higher for runners with 8 blades as opposed to those with 24 blades.

关键词： Water Turbine Cross-Flow Turbine Free Surface Performance Flow Field Number of Blades

Protein phase separation of plant nuclear pore complex

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Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 973-974页

作者： kentaro Tamura Masaya Koide School of Food and Nutritional Sciences Department of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of ShizuokaShizuoka 422-8526Japan

The nuclear pore complex(NPC)is an evolutionally conserved channel that controls the exchange of macromolecules between the nucleus and *** pores of the NPC form a permeability barrier that allows free permeability of small molecules(<40 kDa or~5 nm in diameter)(Schmidt and Gorlich,2016).However,larger molecules must interact with nuclear transport receptors(NTRs)to overcome the NPC permeability barrier.

关键词： separation overcome pores

Role of the first mitosis in the remodeling of the parental genomes in mouse embryos

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Cell Research 2005年第2期15卷 127-132页

作者： kentaro T.HARA,Fugaku AOKI Department of Integrated Biosciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8571 Japan Department of Integrated Biosciences Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8571 Japan

Although male and female pronuclei reside in the same zygotic cytoplasm, they differ in many respects, such asvolume and transcriptional activity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether these differences are lost during thefirst mitosis. For this purpose, a new method was developed to inhibit the mixing of two parental chromosomes duringmitosis, thus to induce the formation of two nuclei after they exit from the mitotic phase. In this method, one-cellembryos are arrested at metaphase by treatment with nocodazole, and whn exitting from the mitotic phase, two nucleiwere formed in a single karyocyte following treatment with 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP). These embryos weredesignated as post-mitotic embryos (PM-embryos), in which the two nuclei were derived from the male and femalegenomes. We found that in the control one-cell embryos that had not been treated with the reagents, the volume of themale pronucleus was about 1.65-fold greater than that of the female pronucleus, whereas the volumes of the two nucleiin the PM-embryos were similar (volume ratio of 1.01). Although a two-fold difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the male and female pronuclei in the control embryos, no difference in transcriptional activity wasdetected between the two nuclei of PM-embryos. The ratio of transcriptional activity in the nucleus derived from thepaternal genome to that from the maternal genome was 1.02, for which no significant difference was detected by the χ2fitness test. Therefore, the volumes and transcriptional activities of the male and female nuclei were approximately equalin PM-embryos, which suggests that the asymmetries of pronuclear volume and transcriptional activity between maleand female genomes are somehow losted during the first mitosis.

关键词： mouse zygote parental genomes nuclear volume transcriptional activity.

Molecular Functions of Oxygen-Evolving Complex Family Proteins in Photosynthetic Electron Flow

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2010年第8期52卷 723-734页

作者： kentaro Ifuku Seiko Ishihara Fumihiko Sato Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto University

Oxygen-evolving complex （OEC） protein is the original name for membrane-peripheral subunits of photosystem （PS） II. Recently, multiple isoforms and homologs for OEC proteins have been iden- tified in the chloroplast thylakoid lumen, indicating that functional diversification has occurred in the OEC family. Gene expression profiles suggest that the Arabidopsis OEC proteins are roughly categorized into three groups： the authentic OEC group, the stressresponsive group, and the group including proteins related to the chloroplast NAD（P）H dehydrogenase （NDH） complex involved in cyclic electron transport around PSI. Based on the above gene expression profiles, molecular functions of the OEC family proteins are discussed together with our current knowledge about their functions.

关键词： NDH Molecular Functions of Oxygen-Evolving Complex Family Proteins in Photosynthetic Electron Flow OEC PSII PPL

S-1 in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15110-15118页

作者： kentaro Sudo Kazuyoshi Nakamura Taketo Yamaguchi Department of Gastroenterology Chiba Cancer Center

S-1 is an oral 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) prodrug,which is designed to improve the antitumor activity of 5-FU by inhibiting dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase,the key enzyme of 5-FU ***,two important studies on the clinical use of S-1 for pancreatic cancer have been reported from *** the first study(GEST study),S-1 demonstrated non-inferiority to gemcitabine(GEM) in overall survival(OS) for metastatic or locally advanced pancreatic cancer,but combination chemotherapy with GEM and S-1 did not show superiority to GEM in *** the second study(JASPAC-01 study),S-1 showed superiority to adjuvant chemotherapy with GEM in OS in patients with resected pancreatic *** addition to GEM,S-1 is now regarded as the key drug in the management of pancreatic cancer in *** date,many studies have investigated the effectiveness of S-1 in various settings,such as first-line chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced pancreatic cancer,second-line chemotherapy after GEM failure,and chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced *** this review,we focus on recent clinical trials of S-1-based chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer S-1 Chemotherapy Randomized controlled trial Chemoradiotherapy Adjuvant therapy

Beijing Lectures on the Grade Restriction Rule

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第4期38卷 901-912页

作者： Richard EAGER kentaro HORI Johanna KNAPP Mauricio ROMO Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe Todai Institutes for Advanced S-tudyUniversity of TokyoKashiwa 277-8583Japan Mathematical Institute Heidelberg UniversityMATHEMATIKONIm Neuenheim Feld 20569120 HeidelbergGermany. Institute for Theoretical Physics TU WienWiedner Hauptstrasse 8-101040 ViennaAustria School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced StudyPrincetonNJ 08540USA

The authors describe the relationships between categories of B-branes in dif- ferent phases of the non-Abelian gauged linear sigma model. The relationship is described explicitly for the model proposed by Hori and Tong with non-Abelian gauge group that connects two non-birational Calabi-Yau varieties studied by Rcdland. A grade restriction rule for this model is derived using the hemisphere partition function and it is used to map B-type D-branes between the two Calabi-Yau varieties.

关键词： Gauged linear sigma model Non-birational Calabi-Yau manifolds D-branes Equivalences of categories

Strength evaluation of ultra-high strength steels and spot weld of automotive bodies

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China Welding 2014年第1期23卷 33-39页

作者： Kenji Takada kentaro Sato Ninshu Ma Ninshu Ma JSOL corporation Japan.

Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion was applied to predict the fracture of high strength steels. A Marciniak-type biaxial stretching test of the four classes of high strength steels was carried out to measure the material damage limit of Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion. Furthermore, in order to improve the simulation accuracy, the local anisotropic parameters depending on the plastic strain （strain dependent model of anisotropy ） were measured by digital image correlation method and incorporated into Hill＇ s anisotropic yield condition by authors. To confirm the validity of Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion, the uniaxial tensile tests based on JIS No. 5 tensile specimen were performed. The force-displacement history and fracture happening strokes were predicted with high accuracy. Then, Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion was applied to predict the failure of four types of spot welded joints. To simulate the local bending and warping deformations around the heataffected zone, the discrete Kirchhoff triangle element was adapted. FEM results for four classes of high strength steels and four types of spot welded joints had a good correlation with experimental ones.

关键词： strength simulation ultra high strength steels spot weld fracture criterion