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Radiation therapy for portal venous invasion by hepatocellular carcinoma

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第46期11卷 7237-7241页

作者： Keiichi Nakagawa Hideomi Yamashita kenshiro shiraishi Naoki Nakamura Masao Tago Hiroshi Igaki Yoshio Hosoi Shuichiro Shiina Masao Omata Masatoshi Makuuchi Kuni Ohtomo Department of RadiologyUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUniversity of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan

AIM： To darify bhe efficacy and safety of bhree-dimensional conformal radiotherapy （3-D CRT） for bhis disease and to specify patient subgroups suitable for this treatment. METHODS： Fifty-two patients with HCC received PVItargeted radiation therapy from .January 1995 through December 2003. Portal venous invasion （PVI） was found in the second or lower order branches of the portal vein in 6 patients, in the first branch in 24 patients and in the main trunk in 22 patients. Child classifications of liver function before radiation therapy were A, B, and C for 19, 24 and 2 patients, respectively. All patients received three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy with a total dose ranging from 39 to 60 Gy （57.0 Gy in average）. RESULTS： Overall survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 45.1%, 25.3%, 15.2%, 10.1%, and 5.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that Child status, the number of tumor foci, tumor type, transcatheter arterial embolization （TAE） after radiation therapy were statistically significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis showed that the number of tumor foci and TAE after radiation therapy were statistically significant. CONCLUSION： The results of this study strongly suggest the efficacy of 3-D CRT as treatment for PVI in HCC. 3-D CRT is recommended in combination with postradiation TAE for PVI of HCC with 5 tumor foci or less in the liver and with Child A liver function.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Portal venous invasion Radiation therapy

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Denoising Projection Data with a Robust Adaptive Bilateral Filter in Low-Count SPECT

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2018年第3期7卷 363-375页

作者： Susumu Nakabayashi Takashi Chikamatsu Takao Okamoto Tatsuro Kaminaga Norikazu Arai Shinobu Kumagai kenshiro shiraishi Takahide Okamoto Takenori Kobayashi Jun’ichi Kotoku Graduate School of Medical Care and Technology Teikyo University Tokyo Japan Central Radiation Division Teikyo University Hospital Tokyo Japan Diagnostic Imaging PET Center Musashimurayama Hospital Tokyo Japan Department of Radiology Teikyo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Low-count SPECT images are well known to be smoothed strongly by a Butterworth filter for statistical noise reduction. Reconstructed images have a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spatial resolution because of the removal of high-frequency signal components. Using the developed robust adaptive bilateral filter (RABF), which was designed as a pre-stage filter of the Butterworth filter, this study was conducted to improve SNR without degrading the spatial resolution for low-count SPECT imaging. The filter can remove noise while preserving spatial resolution. To evaluate the proposed method, we extracted SNR and spatial resolution in a phantom study. We also conducted paired comparison for visual image quality evaluation in a clinical study. Results show that SNR was increased 1.4 times without degrading the spatial resolution. Visual image quality was improved significantly (p < 0.01) for clinical low-count data. Moreover, the accumulation structure became sharper. A structure embedded in noise emerged. Our method, which denoises without degrading the spatial resolution for low-count SPECT images, is expected to increase the effectiveness of diagnosis for low-dose scanning and short acquisition time scanning.

关键词： Bilateral Filter Denoising SPECT Nuclear Medicine

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