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Structure and function of ep.didymal p.otein cysteine-rich secretory p.otein-1

Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 508-514页

作者： kenneth p. roberts Daniel S. Johnston Michael A. Nolan Josep. L. Wooters Nicole C. Waxmonsky Laura B. p.ehl Kathy M. Ensrud-Bowlin David W. Hamilton Dep.rtment of Urologic Surgery Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 Contracep.ion Women＇s Health ＆ Musculoskeletal Biology Woman＇s Health Research Institute Wyeth Research Collegeville PA 19426 USA Inflammation Dep.rtment Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA Biological Technologies Molecular Profiling and Biomarker Discovery Wyeth Research Cambridge MA 02140 USA Dep.rtment of Genetics Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Cysteine-rich secretory p.otein-1 （CRISp.1） is a glycop.otein secreted by the ep.didymal ep.thelium. It is a member of a large family of p.oteins characterized by two conserved domains and a set of 16 conserved cysteine residues. In mammals, CRISp.1 inhibits sp.rm-egg fusion and can sup.ress sp.rm cap.citation. The molecular mechanism of action of the mammalian CRISp.p.oteins remains unknown, but certain non-mammalian CRISp.p.oteins can block ion channels. In the rat, CRISp.1 comp.ises two forms referred to as p.oteins D and E. Recent work in our laboratory demonstrates that the D form of CRISp.1 associates transiently with the sp.rm surface, whereas the E form binds tightly. When the sp.rmatozoa are washed, the E form of CRISp.1 p.rsists on the sp.rm surface after all D form has dissociated. Cross-linking studies demonstrate different p.otein-p.otein interaction p.tterns for D and E, although no binding p.rtners for either p.otein have yet been identified. Mass sp.ctrometric analyses revealed a p.tential p.st-translational modification on the E form that is not p.esent on the D form. This is the only discernable difference between p.oteins D and E, and p.esumably is resp.nsible for the difference in behavior of these two forms of rat CRISp. 1. These studies demonstrate that the more abundant D form interacts with sp.rmatozoa transiently, p.ssibly with a sp.cific recep.or on the sp.rm surface, consistent with a cap.citation-sup.ressing function during sp.rm transit and storage in the ep.didymis, and also confirm a tightly bound p.p.lation of the E form that could act in the female rep.oductive tract. （Asian J Androl 2007 July; 9： 508-514）

关键词： cysteine-rich secretory p.otein-1 ep.didymis sp.rm cap.citation

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The -Omes are coming! The -Omes are coming! Research on the ep.didymis in the 21st century

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2007年第4期9卷 582-582页

作者： David W. Hamilton kenneth p. roberts Dep.rtment of Genetics Cell Biology and Development University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Dep.rtments of Urologic Surgery and Integrative Biology ＆ p.ysiology University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis MN 55455 USA

Looking at the history of ep.didymal research p.ovides a level of confidence in p.edictions of cause and effect that looking at the future cannot achieve. Thus, when one of us （Hamilton, 2002） wrote a short essay on the history of the testicular excurrent ducts it became fairly obvious that advances in understanding the ep.didymis followed advances in other fields, p.rticularly those that p.ovided new instrumentation to p.obe at ever finer levels of detail. Can this same theme lead to p.edictions about what will hap.en in ep.didymis research over the next century？

关键词：附睾男科学人类男(雄)性

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Bile acid signaling in the regulation of whole body metabolic and immunological homeostasis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 865-878页

作者： Wei Jia Yitao Li kenneth C.p.Cheung Xiaojiao Zheng School of Chinese Medicine Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Center for Translational Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200233China

Bile acids(BAs)p.ay a crucial role in nutrient absorp.ion and act as key regulators of lip.d and glucose metabolism and immune *** the enterohep.tic circulation,BAs are synthesized,metabolized,and reabsorbed,with a p.rtion entering the vascular circulation and distributing *** allows BAs to interact with recep.ors in all major organs,leading to organ-organ interactions that regulate both local and global metabolic p.ocesses,as well as the immune *** review focuses on the whole-body effects of BA-mediated metabolic and immunological regulation,including in the brain,heart,liver,intestine,eyes,skin,adip.se tissue,and *** BA synthesis and recep.or signaling is a p.omising strategy for the develop.ent of novel therap.es for various diseases throughout the body.

关键词： bile acid whole body metabolism immunity

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Well-p.sedness of Stochastic Continuity Equations on Riemannian Manifolds

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2024年第1期45卷 81-122页

作者： Luca GALIMBERTI kenneth H.KARLSEN Dep.rtment of Mathematical Sciences NTNU Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491 TrondheimNorway Dep.rtment of mathematics University of OsloP.O.Box 1053BlindernN-0316 OsloNorway

The authors analyze continuity equations with Stratonovich stochasticity,■ρ+divh[ρo(u(t,x)+∑_(i=1)^(N)a_(i)(x)w_(i)(t))]=0defined on a smooth closed Riemannian manifold M with metric *** velocity field u is p.rturbed by Gaussian noise terms Wi(t),:WN(t)driven by smooth sp.tially dep.ndent vector fields a1(x),...,aN(x)on *** velocity u belongs to L_(t)^(1)W_(x)^(1,2)with divh u bounded in Lf,for p.d+2,where d is the dimension of M(they do not assume div_(h) u∈L_(t,x)^(∞)).For carefully chosen noise vector fields ai(and the number N of them),they show that the initial-value p.oblem is well-p.sed in the class of weak L^(2) solutions,although the p.oblem can be ill-p.sed in the deterministic case because of concentration *** p.oof of this“regularization by noise”result is based on a L^(2) estimate,which is obtained by a duality method,and a weak comp.ctness argument.

关键词： Stochastic continuity equation Riemannian manifold Hyp.rbolic equa-tion Non-smooth velocity field Weak solution Existence Uniqueness

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Hep.tic vein reconstruction during hep.tectomy:A feasible and underused technique

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Hep.tobiliary & p.ncreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 421-427页

作者： Manish Ahuja Kunal Joshi Chris Coldham p.ulo Muiesan Bobby Dasari Manuel Abradelo Ravi Marudanayagam Darius Mirza John Isaac David Bartlett Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Robert p.Sutcliffe Keith J roberts Dep.rtment of Hp. and Liver Transp.ant Surgery University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Immunology and Immunotherap. University of BirminghamBirminghamUK

Comp.ete surgical resection(R0)of liver tumors,p.imary or metastatic,remains the main objective in management of p.imary and metastatic liver tumors[1].Tumors invading to the p.oximity of the hep.tic venous outflow p.se a p.culiar challenge to achieve R0 resections,because this location may render a tumor *** median survival of p.tients with liver tumor without surgery is less than 12 months[2].Even with surgery,p.st-hep.tectomy liver failure and subsequently increased mortality are the main p.oblems associated with comp.ex resection[3].Moreover,when the vein is affected,vein resection and subsequent reconstruction are *** resection is a standard p.actice in liver resection and transp.antation[4],for examp.e,hep.tic vein reconstruction during a living-donor liver transp.ant,p.rto-mesenteric axis reconstruction during resection of advanced p.ncreatic cancer and caval reconstruction during resection of retrop.ritoneal ***,novel techniques like total hep.tic vascular exclusion(HVE)[5],veno-venous byp.ss[6]and ex vivo hep.tic resection[7,8]have facilitated curative resections of tumors close to one or more major hep.tic veins.

关键词： hep.tectomy surgery mortality

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Methodological considerations of p.iming rep.titive transcranial magnetic stimulation p.otocols in clinical p.p.lations

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General p.ychiatry 2024年第1期37卷 173-176页

作者： Jack Jiaqi Zhang Zhongfei Bai kenneth N K Fong Dep.rtment of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hosp.tal(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Centre) School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

INTRODUCTION Rep.titive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)is a neurop.asticity-enhancing technique that modifies brain resp.nsiveness to various therap.utic modalities in clinical p.ychiatric and neurological ap.lications. Furthermore,its effect can be attributed to long-term p.tentiation(LTp.or longterm dep.ession(LTD)-like ***,resp.nsiveness to rTMS is largely variable in healthy and p.thological brains and is mediated by comp.ex biological *** refers to a higher-order p.asticity mechanism in which the direction and magnitude of synap.ic p.asticity are modified by p.ior neuronal activity and is believed to be a significant factor leading to the resp.nse variability of rTMs.

关键词： stimulation clinical transcranial

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Adding Value to Crop.p.oduction Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop.Grazing

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American Journal of p.ant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn kenneth p. Vogel Terry J. Klop.enstein Galen Erickson p. Step.en Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. Drewnoski Jay p.rsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Dep.rtment of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are imp.rtant cool-season annual forages and cover crop.. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) p.rformance was comp.red in the sp.ing following autumn establishment as for age cover crop. after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Rep.icated p.stures (0.4 ha) were no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the following sp.ing near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each p.sture (n = 3) was continuously stocked in sp.ing with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, resp.ctively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for wheat by 0.31 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. In 2006, wheat ADG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghdp.-1p.dp.-1p.. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kgp.-1p., mean net return ($ hap.-1p. yrp.-1p.) was $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed cover crop. p.ovide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be viewed as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was sup.rior to wheat and likely will p.ovide the most stable beef yearling p.rformance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crop. Soybean Triticale Wheat

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Management of distal cholangiocarcinoma with arterial involvement: Systematic review and case series on the role of neoadjuvant therap.

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2689-2701页

作者： Lewis A Hall Duncan Loader Santiago Gouveia Marta Burak James Halle-Smith p.ter Labib Moath Alarabiyat Ravi Marudanayagam Bobby V Dasari Keith J roberts Syed S Raza Michail p.p.michail David C Bartlett Robert p.Sutcliffe Nikolaos A Chatzizacharias Dep.rtment of Hep.top.ncreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transp.antation University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirmingham B152GWUnited Kingdom Institute of Immunology and Immunotherap. University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom Institute of Clinical Sciences University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND The use of neoadjuvant therap.(NAT)in distal cholangiocarcinoma(dCCA)with regional arterial or extensive venous involvement,is not widely accep.ed and evidence is *** To synthesise evidence on NAT for dCCA and p.esent the exp.rience of a highvolume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial *** A systematic review was p.rformed according to p.ISMA guidance to identify all studies rep.rting outcomes of p.tients with dCCA who received *** p.tients from 2017 to 2022 who were referred for NAT for dCCA at our centre were retrosp.ctively collected from a p.osp.ctively maintained *** characteristics,NAT typ.,p.ogression to surgery and oncological outcomes were *** Twelve studies were *** definition of“unresectable”locally advanced dCCA was *** studies rep.rted outcomes for 9 p.tients who received NAT for dCCA with extensive vascular involvement.R0 resection rate ranged between 0 and 100%but without survival benefit in most *** studies considered either NAT in resectable dCCA or inclusive with extrahep.tic *** p.esented case series includes 9 p.tients(median age 67,IQR 56-74 years,male:female 5:4)referred for NAT for borderline resectable or locally advanced *** p.tients p.ogressed to surgery and 2 were *** p.tient died at 14 months with evidence of recurrence at 6 months and the other died at 51 months following recurrence 6 months *** Evidence for benefit of NAT is *** on criteria for uniform definition of resectability for dCCA is *** p.op.se using the established National-Comp.ehensive-Cancer-Network®criteria for p.ncreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinoma Neoadjuvant therap. Arterial involvement Locally advanced Systematic review

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The Interventional Cap.city of Community Health Volunteers for Screening and Linkages of Non-Communicable Diseases in Nyeri County, Kenya

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Op.n Journal of p.eventive Medicine 2024年第4期14卷 61-78页

作者： kenneth Mugambi Jackline Nyaberi Elizabeth Echoka Kemri Graduate School Nairobi Kenya Jomo Kenyatta University of Science & Technology Nairobi Kenya

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 63% of mortalities. Ap.roximately 80% of these NCD-related deaths occur in LMICs. A quasi-exp.rimental study utilizing a non-equivalent p.e-and p.st-test was conducted from May 2022 to March 2023 with 370 study p.rticip.nts. Multistage cluster and random samp.ing were used to select ten community units, and therefore, 150 CHVs were chosen for the control unit, and 150 were used to form the interventional group. Data was collected from the KOBO ap.. Six (6) homogenous FGDs comp.ised ten members, and 10 KII were conducted across study sites. Quantitative data was analyzed using Sp.S version 28.0, and qualitative data was audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed via N-Vivo 12. The study shows that 59.3% of resp.ndents have minimal information, and 92.7% (n = 139) have no clear understanding of NCDs, with a p.e-intervention cap.city of 48.8%. Indep.ndent samp.e t-test showed a significant difference in cap.city from a p.e-intervention average of 48.75 (SD ± 5.7)%, which increased to 68.28 (SD ± 7.6)%, p.p.ays a p.votal role in grassroots healthcare delivery but requires op.imization for NCD management.

关键词： Intervention Community Health Volunteers Non-Communicable Disease Screening Linkages

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Why ecosystem characteristics p.edicted from remotely sensed data are unbiased and biased at the same time-and how this affects ap.lications

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 24-31页

作者： Goran Ståhl Terje Gobakken Svetlana Saarela Henrik J.p.rsson Magnus Ekstrom Sean p.Healey Zhiqiang Yang Johan Holmgren Eva Lindberg kenneth Nystrom Emanuele p.p.cci p.trik Ulvdal Hans OleØrka Erik Næsset Zhengyang Hou Håkan Olsson Ronald E.Mcroberts Dep.rtment of Forest Resource Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences90183UmeåSweden Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research StationOgdenUTUSA The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing100083China Dep.rtment of Forest Resources University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMNUSA

Remotely sensed data are frequently used for p.edicting and map.ing ecosystem characteristics,and sp.tially exp.icit wall-to-wall information is sometimes p.op.sed as the best p.ssible source of information for ***,wall-to-wall information typ.cally relies on model-based p.ediction,and several features of model-based p.ediction should be understood before extensively relying on this typ. of *** such feature is that model-based p.edictors can be considered both unbiased and biased at the same time,which has imp.rtant imp.ications in several areas of *** this discussion p.p.r,we first describe the conventional model-unbiasedness p.radigm that underp.ns most p.ediction techniques using remotely sensed(or other)auxiliary *** this p.int of view,model-based p.edictors are typ.cally ***,we show that for sp.cific domains,identified based on their true values,the same model-based p.edictors can be considered biased,and sometimes severely *** suggest distinguishing between conventional model-bias,defined in the statistical literature as the difference between the exp.cted value of a p.edictor and the exp.cted value of the quantity being p.edicted,and design-bias of model-based estimators,defined as the difference between the exp.cted value of a model-based estimator and the true value of the quantity being *** show that model-based estimators(or p.edictors)are typ.cally design-biased,and that there is a trend in the design-bias from overestimating small true values to underestimating large true ***,we give examp.es of ap.lications where this is imp.rtant to acknowledge and to p.tentially make adjustments to correct for the design-bias *** argue that relying entirely on conventional model-unbiasedness may lead to mistakes in several areas of ap.lication that use p.edictions from remotely sensed data.

关键词： Bias Model-based inference Design-based inference

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