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Uptake and transformation of arsenic during the reproductive life stage of Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus campestris

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 140-149页

作者： michelle m.Nearing Iris Koch kenneth J.Reimer Environmental Sciences Group Royal Military College of Canada

Fruiting bodies from the Agaricus genus have been found to contain non-toxic arsenobetaine（AB） as a major compound. It is unknown whether AB is formed during the vegetative or reproductive life stages of the fungus, or by the surrounding microbial community, but AB＇s structural similarity to glycine betaine has led to the hypothesis that AB may be adventitiously accumulated as an osmolyte. To investigate the potential formation of AB during the reproductive life stage of Agaricus species, growth substrate and fungi were collected during the commercial growth of Agaricus bisporus and analyzed for arsenic speciation using HPLC-ICP-mS. AB was found to be the major arsenic compound in the fungus at the earliest growth stage of fruiting（the primordium）. The growth substrate mainly contained arsenate（As（V））. The distribution of arsenic in an A. bisporus primordium grown on As（V） treated substrate, and in a mature Agaricus campestris fruiting body collected from arsenic contaminated mine tailings, was mapped using two dimensional XAS imaging. The primordium and stalk of the mature fruiting body were both found to be growing around pockets of substrate material containing higher As concentrations, and AB was found exclusively in the fungal tissues. In the mature A. campestris the highest proportion of AB was found in the cap, supporting the AB as an osmolyte hypothesis. The results have allowed us to pinpoint the fungus life stage at which AB formation takes place,namely reproduction, which provides a direction for further research.

关键词： Arsenobetaine Arsenic Agaricus Fungi HPLC-ICP-mS XAS imaging

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Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for gastrointestinal cancer among American veterans

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5274-5278页

作者： m mazen Jamal Eugene J Yoon kenneth J Vega mehrtash Hashemzadeh kenneth J Chang Division of Gastroenterology Veterans Affairs(VA) Medical CenterLong BeachCA 90822United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaIrvine Medical CenterOrangeCA 92868United States Division of Gastroenterology University of Florida/JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFL 32207United States

AIm:To assess the risk of biliary and pancreatic cancers in a large cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(Dm) .mETHODS:Eligibility for this study included patients with type 2 Dm(ICD-9 code 250.0) who were discharged from Department of Veteran Affairs hospitals between 1990 and ***-matched control patients without Dm were selected from the same patient treatment files during the same *** information included age,sex and *** diagnoses included known risk factors based on their ICD-9 *** multivariate logistic regression,the occurrence of biliary and pancreatic cancer was compared between case subjects with Dm and controls without ***:A total of 1172496 case and control subjects were *** mean age for study and control subjects was 65.8 ± 11.3 and 64.8 ± 12.6 years,*** frequency of pancreatic cancer in subjects with Dm was increased(0.9%) in comparison to control subjects(0.3%) with an OR of 3.22(95% CI:3.03-3.42) .The incidence of gallbladder andextrahepatic biliary cancers was increased by twofold in diabetic patients when compared to *** OR and 95% CI were 2.20(1.56-3.00) and 2.10(1.61-2.53) ,***:Our study demonstrated that patients with Dm have a threefold increased risk for developing pancreatic cancer and a twofold risk for developing biliary cancer.

关键词： 2型糖尿病退伍军人危险因素恶性肿瘤 logistic回归消化道风险因素美国

Comparison of reflux esophagitis and its complications between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2878-2881页

作者： kenneth J Vega Sian Chisholm m mazen Jamal Divisions of Gastroenterology and General Internal medicine University of Florida Health Sciences Center Jacksonville Florida 32207 United States Gastroenterology Section Veterans Affairs Medical Center 5901 E. 7th St. Long Beach CA 90822 United States

AIm: To determine the effect of ethnicity on the severity of reflux esophagitis (RE) and its complications. mETHODS: A retrospective search of the endoscopy database at the University of Florida Health Science Center/Jacksonville for all cases of reflux esophagitis and its complications from January 1 to march 31, 2001 was performed. Inclusion criteria were endoscopic evidence of esophagitis using the LA classif ication, reflux related complications and self-reported ethnicity. The data obtained included esophagitis grade, presence of a hiatal hernia, esophageal ulcer, stricture and Barrett's esophagus, and endoscopy indication. RESULTS: The search identified 259 patients with RE or its complications, of which 171 were non-Hispanic whites and 88 were African Americans. The mean ages and male/female ratios were similar in the two groups. RE grade, esophageal ulcer, stricture and hiatal hernia frequency were likewise similar in the groups. Barrett's esophagus was present more often in non-Hispanic whites than in African Americans (15.8% vs 4.5%; P more frequent indication for endoscopy in non-Hispanic whites with erosive esophagitis than in African Americans (28.1% vs 7.9%; P milar in non-Hispanic whites and African Americans. Heartburn was more frequently and nausea/vomiting less frequently reported as the primary endoscopic indication in non-Hispanic whites compared with African Americans with erosive esophagitis or its complications. African Americans have a decreased prevalence of Barrett's esophagus compared with non-Hispanic whites.

关键词：西班牙美国人并发症食管

Regrowth and neuronal protection are key for mammalian hibernation:roles for metabolic suppression

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第11期15卷 2027-2028页

作者： Samantha m.Logan kenneth B.Storey Institute of Biochemistry Departments of Biology and ChemistryCarleton UniversityOttawaONCanada

Thought experiment:you're starving,huddled in the fetal position in a hole in the ground,with no sense of the world around you,except that you are really,really *** fact,your internal temperature can go as low as–2.9... 详细信息

关键词： really fetal suppression

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墨西哥奇瓦瓦州西部钙碱性火山岩和深成岩演化的对比研究

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国外火山地质 1987年第3期 97-108页

作者： W.C.Bagby K.L.cameron m.cameron 毛建仁

墨西哥西北部谢拉西马德雷山脉（Sierra madre Occidental）的巴托皮拉斯地区（Batopilas）有两套大陆弧岩浆岩。时代较老的有晚白垩纪至早新生代的花岗岩类,年轻的是中第三纪安山岩至流纹岩系列,大部分以大规模出露的火山碎屑流堆积为... 详细信息

墨西哥西北部谢拉西马德雷山脉（Sierra madre Occidental）的巴托皮拉斯地区（Batopilas）有两套大陆弧岩浆岩。时代较老的有晚白垩纪至早新生代的花岗岩类,年轻的是中第三纪安山岩至流纹岩系列,大部分以大规模出露的火山碎屑流堆积为代表。火山岩类岩石的SiO2含量从54%变化至78%,花岗岩类岩石的SiO2含量则限于57—68%。两套岩石的主要元素通常极相似,然而,较老的花岗岩类与火山岩相比具低的Zr/Nb值和高的Nb/Y和K/Rb值。此外,花岗

关键词：深成岩拉斯黑云母侵入岩石英闪长岩稀土元素 ⅢB族元素火山岩区花岗闪长岩酸性岩玄武质岩浆稀土配分角闪石链状硅酸盐矿物岩浆岩火成岩地壳源区分离结晶作用初始比值墨西哥拉丁美洲

Novel nervous and multi-system regenerative therapeutic strategies for diabetes mellitus with mTOR

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第3期11卷 372-385页

作者： kenneth maiese Cellular and molecular Signaling Newark NJ USA

Throughout the globe,diabetes mellitus（Dm） is increasing in incidence with limited therapies presently available to prevent or resolve the significant complications of this *** impacts multiple organs and affects all components of the central and peripheral nervous systems that can range from dementia to diabetic *** mechanistic target of rapamycin（m TOR） is a promising agent for the development of novel regenerative strategies for the treatment of Dm.m TOR and its related signaling pathways impact multiple metabolic parameters that include cellular metabolic homeostasis,insulin resistance,insulin secretion,stem cell proliferation and differentiation,pancreatic β-cell function,and programmed cell death with apoptosis and autophagy.m TOR is central element for the protein complexes m TOR Complex 1（m TORC1） and m TOR Complex 2（m TORC2） and is a critical component for a number of signaling pathways that involve phosphoinositide 3-kinase（PI 3-K）,protein kinase B（Akt）,AmP activated protein kinase（AmPK）,silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）（SIRT1）,Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1（WISP1）,and growth *** a result,m TOR represents an exciting target to offer new clinical avenues for the treatment of Dm and the complications of this *** studies directed to elucidate the delicate balance m TOR holds over cellular metabolism and the impact of its broad signaling pathways should foster the translation of these targets into effective clinical regimens for Dm.

关键词： Akt AmP activated protein kinase(AmPK) apoptosis Alzheimer’s disease autophagy β-cell cancer cardiovascular disease caspase CCN family diabetes mellitus epidermal growth factor erythropoietin fibroblast growth factor forkhead transcription factors Fox O FRAP1 hamartin(tuberous sclerosis 1)/tuberin(tuberous sclerosis 2)(TSC1/TSC2) insulin mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR) m TOR Complex 1(m T ORC1) m TOR Complex 2(m TORC2) nicotinamide nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD+) non-communicable diseases oxidative stress phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI 3-K) programmed cell death silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)(SIRT1) sirtuin stem cells wingless Wnt Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein 1(WISP1)

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Surfactant protein A (SP-A) binds to phosphatidylserine and competes with annexin V binding on late apoptotic cells

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Protein & Cell 2010年第2期1卷 188-197页

作者： Anne Jäkel kenneth B.m.Reid Howard Clark Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK mRC Immunochemistry Unit Department of BiochemistryUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QUUK University of Southampton MP 803 Level FSouth BlockSouthampton General HospitalSouthampton SO166YDUK

The role of surfactant protein A(SP-A)in the recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells is well established,but to date,it is still not clear which surface molecules of apoptotic cells are involved in the *** we present evidence that phosphatidylserine(PS)is a relevant binding molecule for human *** binding is Ca^(2+)-dependent and is not inhibited by mannose,suggesting that the sugar-binding site of the carbohydrate recognition domain(CRD)of SP-A is not *** cytometry studies on apoptotic Jurkat cells revealed apparent inhibition of annexin V binding by increasing concentrations of SP-A in late apoptotic but not early apoptotic cells,and this was consistent for Jurkat cells and *** these data,confocal microscopy results show a co-localisation of annexin V and SP-A in late apoptotic but not early apoptotic ***,we cannot conclude that this inhibition is exclusively due to the binding of SP-A to PS on the cell surface,as annexin V is not wholly specific for PS and SP-A also interacts with other phospholipids that might become exposed on the apoptotic cell surface.

关键词： surfactant proteins phosphatidylserine apoptotic cells

Likelihood of hospitalization for a chronic respiratory condition following pediatric infection with enterovirus and rhinovirus strains

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Infectious medicine 2022年第4期1卷 245-252页

作者： Charlotte Switzer Chris PVerschoor kenneth Gavina Dominik mertz Kathy Luinstra Jeffrey mPernica marek Smieja Dept.of Health methods Evaluation and ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON CANADA Dept.of medicine McMaster UniversityHamiltonON CANADA Dept.of Pediatrics McMaster UniversityHamiltonON CANADA Dept.of Pathology and molecular medicine McMaster UniversityHamiltonON CANADA Research Institute of St Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton HamiltonON CANADA Health Sciences North Research Institute SudburyON CANADA

Background:Rhino-enteroviruses,particularly enterovirus strain D68(EV-D68),have been associated with severe respiratory distress in *** goal of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of children with EV-D68 infection to that of children with other enterovirus/***:Nasopharyngeal swabs from 174 children presenting with respiratory distress were tested by PCR for respiratory *** primary outcome was diagnosis of a chronic respiratory condition within the followup *** to intensive care,and length of stay were *** ratios were determined using multinomial logistic ***:During 5 years of follow-up,the crude odds of diagnosis with a chronic respiratory condition were significantly more likely in EV-D68 cases(OR:1.95,95%CI:1.02,3.82),but failed to remain significant after adjusting for a past history of *** admission for a primary concern of asthma,length of stay both in hospital and intensive care were significantly longer in EV-D68 cases(OR:2.10[95%CI:1.56,2.82,pment for a history of asthma,EV-D68 cases had significantly longer length of stay in hospital,admitted for 1.94 days for each day that controls were admitted(95%CI:1.40,2.68).In admissions to intensive care,EV-D68 cases spent 2.74 days for each day of admission in controls(95%CI:1.62,4.97,pmes of patients infected with EV-D68 in *** study finds that EV-D68 cases were significantly more likely be hospitalized for longer than other enterovirus/rhinovirus controls in subsequent admissions for respiratory *** for intensive care was significantly longer in EV-D68 *** next steps will be validation in a larger sample size.

关键词： Enterovirus-D68 Pediatric infectious disease Respiratory infection Asthma

Current strategies for targeting the activity of androgen receptor variants

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第1期6卷 42-49页

作者： cameron m.Armstrong Allen C.Gao Department of Urology University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA Comprehensive Cancer Center University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCAUSA VA Northern California Health Care System SacramentoCAUSA

Current therapies for advanced prostate cancer,such as enzalutamide and abiraterone,focus on inhibiting androgen receptor(AR)activity and reducing downstream signaling pathways to inhibit tumor ***,cancer cells are very adaptable and,over time,these cells develop mechanisms by which they can circumvent *** of the many mechanisms that have been discovered is the generation of AR *** variants are generated through alternative splicing of the full length AR and often lack the ligand binding *** leads to forms of the AR that are constitutively active that continue to promote prostate cancer cell growth even in the absence of *** high prevalence of AR variants and their role in disease progression have prompted a number of studies investigating ways to inhibited AR variant expression and *** these are the antihelminthic drug,niclosamide,which selectively promotes degradation of AR variants over full length AR and re-sensitizes anti-androgen resistant prostate cancer cells to treatment with enzalutamide and *** AR variant targeting mechanisms include interfering with AR variant co-activators and the development of drugs that bind to the DNA or N-terminal AR domains,which are retained in most AR *** clinical efficacy of treating prostate cancer by targeting AR variants is under investigation in several clinical *** this review,we provide an overview of the most relevant AR variants and discuss current AR variant targeting strategies.

关键词： Prostate cancer Androgen receptor variants Drug resistance