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Water Resources, Infrastructure Restoration, and Protection of the Upper Mississippi River Basin

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Open j.urnal of Soil Science 2021年第1期11卷 13-38页

作者： kenneth R. Olson Samuel j. Indorante Gerald A. Miller Professor Emeritus of Soil Science in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA Soil Science at Southern Illinois University Carbondale Illinois USA Professor Emeritus of Soil Science in the Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA

The Upper Mississippi River flows approximately 2000 km from Lake Itasca, Minnesota to Cairo, Illinois where it is confluences with the Ohio River to form the Lower Mississippi River. North of the confluence, numerous snags, sand bars, rapids, and other obstructions made the Upper Mississippi River travel difficult. This paper highlights how the geological and landscape resources of the Upper Mississippi River and tributary watershed were responsible for the successful economic development of this historically rich region of North America. Environmental challenges include an attempt to keep invasive species such as the Asian carp out of the rivers and lakes north of the Twin Cities. In an attempt to protect the Mississippi River resource, Environmental and Conservation groups have opposed continued navigation through Minneapolis and St. Paul and the planned Upper Mississippi River navigation infrastructure restoration by the United States Corps of Engineers including the upper and lower St. Anthony locks and dams. These Environmental, Conservation and Save the River groups are attempting to mitigate the historic highest and best use of the Mississippi River and adj.cent watershed, navigation, and economic development, by having the urban river restored to the natural state.

关键词： Falls of St. Anthony Locks Dams Minneapolis St. Paul Navigation Water Pollution

Overall rate, location, and predictive factors for positive surgical margins after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer

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Asian j.urnal of Andrology 2016年第1期18卷 123-128页

作者： Sung Gu Kang Oscar Schatloff Abdul Muhsin Haidar Srinivas Samavedi kenneth j.Palmer j.n Cheon Vipul R Patel Department of Urology Korea University School of Medicine Seoul Korea From the Global Robotics Institute Florida Hospital Celebration Health Celebration and University of Central Florida School of Medicine Orlando Florida USA.

We report the overall rate, locations and predictive factors of positive surgical margins （PSMs） in 271 patients with high-risk prostate cancer. Between April 2008 and October 2011, we prospectively collected data from patients classified as D＇Amico high-risk who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Overall rate and location of PSMs were reported. Stepwise logistic regression models were fitted to assess predictive factors of PSM. The overall rate of PSMs was 25.1% （68 of 271 patients）. Of these PSM, 38.2% （26 of 68） were posterolateral （PL）, 26.5% （18 of 68） multifocal, 16.2% （11 of 68） in the apex, 14.7% （10 of 68） in the bladder neck, and 4.4% （3/68） in other locations. The PSM rate of patients with pathological stage pT2 was 8.6% （12 of 140）, 26.6% （17 of 64） of pT3a, 53.3% （32/60） of pT3b, and 100% （7 of 7） of pT4. In a logistic regression model including pre-, intra-, and post-operative parameters, body mass index （odds ratio [OR]. 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]： 1.01-1.19, P = 0.029）, pathological stage （pT3b or higher vs pT2; OR： 5.14; 95% Ch 1.92-13.78; P = 0.001） and percentage of the tumor （OR： 46.71; 95% CI： 6.37-342.57; P 〈 0.001） were independent predictive factors for PSMs. The most common location of PSMs in patients at high-risk was the PL aspect, which reflects the reported tumor aggressiveness. The only significant predictive factors of PSMs were pathological outcomes, such as percentage of the tumor in the specimen and pathological stage.

关键词： prostate prostatectomy prostatic neoplasm residual robotics

U.S. red meat production from foreign-born animals

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 201-207页

作者： Michael j. McConnell kenneth H. Mathews j.. Rachel j. j.hnson Keithly j.nes US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Washington DC USA.

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) propelled the integration of livestock markets among the United States, Mexico, and Canada. Along with vertical integration within the respective industries, different sectors of the cattle and hog industries have shifted their production locations based on resource efficiencies. Imports of live cattle and hogs, as well as beef and pork, in the United States have been steadily increasing since the implementation of NAFTA, except during the restrictions on cattle and beef imports from Canada due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) discoveries there in 2003. There are limited empirical sources that relate the importation of livestock to the domestic U.S. production of meats. This paper introduces a methodology to estimate the amount of U.S. beef and pork production that can be attributed to foreign-born cattle and hogs. The procedure uses official U.S. trade data to quantify livestock imported at various weights and stages of production and proj.cts the final production date and weight using existing data and literature.

关键词： Beef Livestock Pork Trade

The 8051 microcontroller

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Hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter at 1930 nm for volumetric photoacoustic imaging of water content

1000年

作者： kenneth j. Ayala.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 68-74页

作者： j.awei Shi Mingsheng Li Huaj.n Tang j.qiang Kang Naj.a Sharmin Amir Rosenthal kenneth K.Y.Wong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam RoadHong KongChina.2 Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnion–Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City32000 HaifaIsrael Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Water plays a vital role in biological metabolism and it would be essential to trace the water content non-invasively,such as leveraging the vibrational absorption peak of the O-H ***,due to the lack of an efficient laser source,it was challenging to image the water content in the deep tissue with micron-level spatial *** address this problem,we develop a high-power hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter(HOPE)at 1930 nm,at which the vibrational absorption peak of the O-H bond *** maximum pulse energy is over 1.74μj.with a pulse repetition rate of 50 kHz and a pulse width of 15 *** employ this laser source in the optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)system to image the water content in the phantom and the biological tissue in *** 1930-nm OR-PAM could map the water content in the complex tissue environment at high spatial resolution,deep penetration depth,improved sensitivity,and suppressed artifact signal of the lipid.

关键词： Fiber optical parametric oscillator Thulium-doped fiber laser Photoacoustic microscopy

Biomass Production of Cup Plant (<i>Silphium perfoliatum</i>L.) in Response to Variation in Plant Population Density in the North Central USA

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 904-910页

作者： Arvid Boe kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science Department South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

The North American genus Silphium is receiving global attention for its potential in the development of new food, forage, and industrial crops, including cellulosic biomass for biofuel. Little is known about the effect of plant population density on biomass production in large, coarse perennial forbs. Our obj.ctive was to evaluate the effect of variation in plant density on biomass production and stand morphology of cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.). Plant population densities of 17,000, 34,000, and 68,000 plants ha-1 were evaluated for biomass production in a single-harvest per annum system for three years at Brookings, SD and Arlington, WI. Biomass increased linearly by 43% between the low and high density at Brookings;whereas, at Arlington, response to variation in plant density was year dependent. Shoots plant-1 was inversely related to plant density with linear regression explaining >95% of the variation. Our results strongly suggested that further studies of effects of plant population density on biomass production in cup plant should include evaluation of, in addition to, densities higher than 68,000 plants ha-1.

关键词： Biofuel Shoot Density Shoots Plant-1 Stand Morphology Cup Plant Moth Eucosma giganteana Riley Biotic Stress Abiotic Stress

Biomass Production of Monocultures and Mixtures of Cup Plant and Native Grasses on Prime and Marginal Cropland

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2019年第6期10卷 911-924页

作者： Arvid Boe kenneth A. Albrecht Paul j. j.hnson j.xiang Wu Department of Agronomy Horticulture and Plant Science South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA Department of Agronomy University of Wisconsin Madison WI USA Insect Biodiversity Laboratory South Dakota State University Brookings SD USA

To date, most candidate systems for producing herbaceous cellulosic biomass have been composed of monocultures of perennial or annual grasses. Ecosystem goods and services provided from these biomass feedstock production systems could be increased dramatically with mixing of one or more forb species that would increase biodiversity and provide habitat for pollinators. Cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is featured with many desirable characteristics, such as high biomass potential, adaptation to marginal soils, and attractiveness to pollinators, desirable in a dicot species to grow in mixtures with perennial warm-season grasses. The obj.ctive of this study was to compare cup plant, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link) monocultures to their mixtures for biomass production on prime and poorly drained marginal crop land for two years in both South Dakota and Wisconsin. In Wisconsin, monocultures of prairie cordgrass and cup plant and their mixture produced more biomass (8.1 Mg·ha-1) than the switchgrass monoculture and switchgrass/cup plant mixture (5.3 Mg·ha-1) on both prime and marginal land. While in South Dakota, drought and meristem destruction by the cup plant moth (Eucosma giganteana Riley) caused large reductions in biomass production (1.7 Mg·ha-1) in both years, with the switchgrass/cup plant mixture on marginal land having the highest yield (2.1 Mg·ha-1). Our study showed binary mixtures of cup plant and native warm-season grasses have great potential for increasing biodiversity and other ecosystem goods and services, relative to monocultures, for sustainable biomass feedstock production on poorly drained marginal land in the northcentral USA.

关键词： Silphium perfoliatum L. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. Prairie Cordgrass Spartina pectinata Link Bioenergy Pollinators Eucosma giganteana Riley Ecosystem Goods and Services

Rectification of RF Fields in Load Dependent Coupled Systems: Application to Non-Invasive Electroceuticals

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j.urnal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 112-121页

作者： Sree N. Koneru Charles R. Westgate kenneth j. McLeod Clinical Science and Engineering Research Laboratory Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Binghamton University Binghamton NY USA

Electroceuticals are medical devices that employ electric signals to alter the activity of specific nerve fibers to achieve therapeutic effects. The rapid growth of RF microelectronics has resulted in the development of very small, portable, and inexpensive shortwave and microwave radio frequency (RF) amplifiers, raising the possibility of utilizing these new RF technologies to develop non-contact electroceutical devices. However, the bio-electromagnetics literature suggests that beyond 10 MHz, RF fields cannot influence biological tissue, beyond simple heating, because effective demodulation mechanisms at these frequencies do not exist in the body. However, RF amplifiers operating at or near saturation have non-linear interactions with complex loads, and if body tissue creates a complex loading condition, the opportunity exists for the coupled system to produce non-linear effects, that is, the equivalent of demodulation may occur. Correspondingly, exposure of tissue to pulsed RF energy could result in the creation of low frequency demodulation components capable of influencing tissue activity. Here, we develop a one-dimen- sional, numerical simulation to investigate the complex loading conditions under which such demodulation could arise. Applying these results in a physical prototype device, we show that up to7.5% demodulation can be obtained for a 40 MHz RF field pulsed at 1 KHz. Implications for this research include the possibility of developing wearable, electromagnetic electroceutical de- vices.

关键词： RF Demodulation in Tissue Non-Linear Coupling Complex Load-Line Electroceuticals Neuromodulation Stochastic Resonance

Cell-type specific examination of central amygdala dopamine receptor 2 expressing neurons as a translational target for pharmacological enhancement of extinction

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第10期31卷 952-953页

作者： kenneth M.MCCULLOUGH Georgette GAFFORD Filomene G MORRISON Kerry j.RESSLER Division of Depression & Anxiety Disorders Mc Lean HospitalDepartment of PsychiatryHarvard Medical School Behavioral Neuroscience Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesEmory University

Behavioral and molecular characterization of cell-type specific populations governing fear learning and behavior is a promising avenue for the rational identification of potential therapeutics for fear-related *** of cell-type specific changes in neuronal translation following fear learning allows for targeted pharmacological intervention during fear extinction learning,mirroring possible treatment strategies in *** we identify the central amygdala(Ce A)Drd2-expressing population as a fear-supporting population that is molecularly distinct from other,previously identified fear-supporting CeA *** of actively translating transcripts of Drd2 neurons identifies m RNAs that are differentially regulated following fear learning including Npy5r,Rxrg,Sst5r,Fgf3,Erb B4,Fkbp14,Dlk1,Ssh3 and *** pharmacological manipulation of NPY5R,RXR,and ADORA2A confirms their importance in fear behavior and validates the present approach of identifying pharmacological targets for the modulation of emotional learning.

关键词： cell-type specific populations fear-related disorders central amygdala dopamine receptor 2