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Radioprotective Potencies of Allium Cepa Extract (ACE) against Radiation-Induced hepatoxicity in Wistar Rats

International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2023年第3期12卷 59-83页

作者： Sylvester Kelechi kenneth Okeke Francisca Nneka Agwu kenneth Kalu Attah Okwudili Joseph Deparrtment of Radiation and Clinical Oncology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Medical Radiography Faculty of Health Science University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Background and Purpose: All types of ionizing radiations generate ions which can lead to the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess production of free radicals or decrease in antioxidants level leads to oxidative stress. It is a harmful process that induces damage to cell structures, lipids, proteins, RNA and DNA which leads to a number of diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of plant extract (Allium Cepa Extract (ACE)) on the kidney of wistar rats exposed to radiation using and assaying some biochemical enzymes. Material and Method: 60 wistar rats weighing 170 ± 20 g were equally divided into six groups for the study. Group 1 (control): neither received ACE nor irradiation. Group 2 (ACE): received 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE. Group 3 (4 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 4 (6 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 5 (ACE + 4 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 6 (ACE + 6 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. All the groups received distilled water and feed ad libitum during the acclimatization and experimental periods. Four animals in each group were sacrificed 24 h after irradiation and the 4 remaining animals were sacrificed on day 29 for biochemical assay and histopathological evaluation, the statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the data editor SPSS version 28. Results: From the biochemical enzymes, the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in group 2 when compared to group 1 was almost the same, which was not statically significant with (p > 0.05), but groups 3 and 4 show a significant increase in the level of MDA with (p hile group 5 and 6 showed no significant increase in MAD with (p > 0.05). The other enzymes like SOD, CAT, GST, and GSh followed suit. Conclusion: From the res

关键词： Allium Cepa Winstar RAT MDA SOD hepatoxicity

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Interaction of the Bioherbicide <i>Myrothecium verrucaria</i>with Technical-Grade Glyphosate on Glyphosate-Susceptible and -Resistant Palmer Amaranth

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 2306-2319页

作者： Robert E. hoagland C. Douglas Boyette Robin h. Jordan kenneth C. Stetina Crop Production Systems Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville MS USA Biological Control of Pests Research Unit USDA-ARS Stoneville MS USA

Previously we found that a strain of Myrothecium verrucaria (MV) exhibited bioherbicidal activity against several important weeds, and that some commercial formulations of glyphosate applied with MV resulted in synergistic interactions that improved weed control efficacy. We also found that MV had bioherbicidal activity against glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. We have also reported that some commercial formulations are inhibitory to MV. Our objectives were to test the effect of unformulated glyphosate (high purity, technical-grade glyphosate) alone and in combination with MV for bioherbicidal activity on glyphosate-susceptible and -resistant Palmer amaranth biotypes under greenhouse conditions and to examine technical-grade glyphosate on the growth of this bioherbicide. high purity glyphosate (without adjuvants/surfactants) was not toxic to MV growth and sporulation at concentrations up to 2.0 mM when grown on agar supplemented with the herbicide. Both biotypes were injured by MV and MV plus glyphosate treatments as early as 19 h after application (3 h after a dew period of 16 h). These injury effects increased and were more evident through the 6-day time course, when after 120 h the MV plus glyphosate treatment had killed all glyphosate-susceptible and -resistant plants. The interaction of glyphosate plus MV was synergistic toward the control of Palmer amaranth. Data strongly suggest that the active ingredient is responsible for the synergy previously found when this bioherbicide was combined with some commercial formulations of glyphosate. Results demonstrated that MV can control both glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible Palmer amaranth seedlings and act synergistically with high-purity glyphosate to provide improved weed control.

关键词： Amaranthus palmeri Biocontrol Agent Bioherbicide Biological Weed Control Glyphosate-Resistance Myrothecium verrucaria Palmer Amaranth Pigweed

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U.S. red meat production from foreign-born animals

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第2期3卷 201-207页

作者： Michael J. McConnell kenneth h. Mathews Jr. Rachel J. Johnson Keithly Jones US Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Washington DC USA.

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) propelled the integration of livestock markets among the United States, Mexico, and Canada. Along with vertical integration within the respective industries, different sectors of the cattle and hog industries have shifted their production locations based on resource efficiencies. Imports of live cattle and hogs, as well as beef and pork, in the United States have been steadily increasing since the implementation of NAFTA, except during the restrictions on cattle and beef imports from Canada due to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (bse) discoveries there in 2003. There are limited empirical sources that relate the importation of livestock to the domestic U.S. production of meats. This paper introduces a methodology to estimate the amount of U.S. beef and pork production that can be attributed to foreign-born cattle and hogs. The procedure uses official U.S. trade data to quantify livestock imported at various weights and stages of production and projects the final production date and weight using existing data and literature.

关键词： Beef Livestock Pork Trade

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Interaction of Glufosinate and <i>Colletotrichum truncatum</i>on Ammonia Levels and Glutamine Synthetase Activity in hemp Sesbania

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 2320-2337页

The use of microbes and microbial products as bioherbicides has been studied for several decades, and combinations of bioherbicides and herbicides have been examined to discover possible synergistic interactions to improve weed control efficacy. Bioassays were conducted to assess possible interactions of the herbicide glufosinate [2-amino-4-(hydroxymethylphosphinyl) butanoic acid] and Colletotrichum truncatum (CT), a fungal bioherbicide to control hemp sesbania (Sesbania exaltata)]. Glufosinate acts as a glutamine synthetase (GS) inhibitor that causes elevated ammonia levels, but the mode of action of CT is unknown. GS has also been implicated in plant defense in certain plant-pathogen interactions. The effects of spray applications of glufosinate (1.0 mM) orbioherbicide (8.0 × 104 conidia ml-1), applied alone or in combination were monitored (88 h time-course) on seedling growth, GS activity and ammonia levels in hypocotyl tissues under controlled environmental conditions. Growth (elongation and fresh weight) and extractable GS activity were inhibited in tissues by glufosinate and glufosinate plus CT treatments as early as 16 h, but CT treatment did not cause substantial growth reduction or GS inhibition until after ~40 h. Generally, ammonia levels in hemp sesbania tissues under these various treatments were inversely correlated with GS activity. Localization of hemp sesbania GS activity on electrophoretic gels indicated a lack of activity after 30 h in glufosinate and glufosinate plus CT-treated tissue. Untreated control tissues contained much lower ammonia levels at 24, 64, and 88 h after treatment than treatments with CT, glufosinate or their combination. CT alone caused elevated ammonia levels only after 64 - 88 h. Glufosinate incorporated in agar at 0.25 mM to 2.0 mM, caused a 10% - 45% reduction of CT colony radial growth, compared to fungal growth on agar without glufosinate, and the herbicide also inhibited sporulation of CT. Although no synergistic interac

关键词： Bioherbicide hemp Sesbania Glutamine Synthetase Ammonia Glufosinate Colletotrichum truncatum

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下肢截肢患者有氧锻炼

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神经损伤与功能重建 1988年第3期 113-115页

作者： kenneth h 郑扩建

许多研究提示:下肢截肢患者以同一速度步行时,每公斤体重的能量消耗要多于健康者20～100%。单侧的膝上或膝下截肢和双侧截肢均相同。以往减少行走者能量消耗所作的研究多数是用在改善假肢上。这种改善虽可减轻假肢的重量,并使使用者感... 详细信息

许多研究提示:下肢截肢患者以同一速度步行时,每公斤体重的能量消耗要多于健康者20～100%。单侧的膝上或膝下截肢和双侧截肢均相同。以往减少行走者能量消耗所作的研究多数是用在改善假肢上。这种改善虽可减轻假肢的重量,并使使用者感到舒适,但尚未证实它能使患者行走更为省力。看来在过去的研究中,其原则是放在如何替代失去的肢体,而不是放在如何发展所保留的功能上。截肢患者同那些能用肢体起床、站立、散步的病人相比,由于失去肢体,患者的康复活动从一开始和保持进行功能锻炼均处于不利的地位。

关键词：下肢截肢心血管患者心率有氧锻炼

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Biologically Enabled Syntheses of Nanostructured 3-D Sensor Materials:the Potential for 3-D Genetically Engineered Microdevices (3-D GEMs)

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稀有金属材料与工程 2006年第A3期35卷 13-14页

作者： kenneth h. Sandhage Samuel Shian Christopher S. Gaddis Michael R. Weatherspoon Ye Cai Sehoon Yoo Michael S. haluska Robert L. Snyder Ying Liu Meilin Liu Nicholas Ferrell Derek J. hansford Mark hildebrand Brian Palenik School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA USA Biomedical Engineering Department the Ohio State University Columbus OH USA Microbiology Department Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA USA

Three-dimensional (3-D)self-assembly of nanos- tructures and nanodevices on a large scale remains a grand quest for *** nanostructured assemblies with controlled 3-D shapes can exhibit attractive properties for sensor and other applications. Protocols for 3-D self-assembly that can be scaled up for mass production on a large up to tonnage)scale, while preserving morphological features on a small (down to nanometer)scale,are needed to allow for widespread use of 3-D nanostructures in advanced ***,these often conflicting requirements of scalability and precision pose a difficult challenge for synthetic (man-made)processing routes.

关键词： D GEMs Biologically Enabled Syntheses of Nanostructured 3-D Sensor Materials

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Photothermal controls of vegetative dormancy in Poa secunda

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Grassland Research 2022年第1期1卷 43-52页

作者： Allen A.Chen Shui-zhang Fei Andrew W.Lenssen kenneth J.Moore Department of horticulture Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA

Background:Summer vegetative dormancy is a desirable trait in cool-season grasses when they are interplanted with annual *** bluegrass(Poa secunda ***.)shows summer dormancy,but the environmental cues that control dormancy remain ***:A controlled environment study using temperature and day length combinations of 32.2℃/15 h,26.6℃/14 h,21.1℃/13 h,and 15.5℃/12 h was conducted with *** accessions PI232347,PI639272,and PI232348,and‘Audubon’red fescue as a nondormant control to determine the optimum treatment for dormancy induction.A second study using treatments of 26.6℃/14 h,21.1℃/13 h,and 15.5℃/12 h was conducted to determine the thresholds for dormancy release.A third study used a factorial experiment with two temperatures(32.2℃ and 15.5℃)and two day lengths(15 and 12 h)to differentiate between temperature and day length effects on dormancy ***:Of the four temperature and day length combinations,all except for 15.5℃/12 h resulted in dormancy by the end of 6 weeks,with 32.2℃/15 h inducing dormancy in only 17 *** the three treatments for dormancy release,15.5℃/12 h broke dormancy the fastest in all accessions and released the most number of plants from *** variation existed between accessions for the speed of dormancy release in the 21.1℃/13 h and 26.6℃/14 h *** third study showed that temperature is the primary inducer for summer dormancy,while longer day length may promote dormancy under inductive ***:This study identified the optimum photothermal for induction and release of summer dormancy in ***,which will help future studies in elucidating the mechanism of summer dormancy.

关键词： controlled environment dormancy induction dormancy release Sandberg bluegrass summer dormancy

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A型肉毒杆菌毒素联合眼睑手术治疗面肌痉挛

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国际眼科杂志 2020年第5期20卷 754-758页

作者： kenneth K.h.Lai Andrew K.T.Kuk Edwin Chan Simon T.C.Ko 中国香港东华东院眼科

目的:A型肉毒杆菌毒素(Botox)联合眼睑手术治疗面肌痉挛(hFS)疗效观察。方法:回顾性分析患者的影像和医疗记录,并对注射Botox的患者治疗效果和并发症进行分析。结果:共纳入76例(女性58例)hFS患者至少接受4次Botox注射。平均随访时间为83... 详细信息

目的:A型肉毒杆菌毒素(Botox)联合眼睑手术治疗面肌痉挛(hFS)疗效观察。方法:回顾性分析患者的影像和医疗记录,并对注射Botox的患者治疗效果和并发症进行分析。结果:共纳入76例(女性58例)hFS患者至少接受4次Botox注射。平均随访时间为83±50(20~112)mo,平均注射16±10(4~34)次。发病高峰年龄为55~64a,平均发病年龄为66±11(32~85)a。多达23%的面肌痉挛患者存在与面神经关系密切的异常血管结构(右侧8例,左侧7例)(MRI=14,CT=1),其中以椎动脉累及最多(n=6),其次是小脑前下动脉(n=5)。原发性hFS患者的有效期间较继发性hFS患者短(2.5 vs 3.1mo,PhFS患者长(4.1 vs 3.8d,P=0.739),SSAs较继发性hFS患者低(1.7 vs 1.9,P=0.179)。19例先前存在眼睑疾病的患者中有12例接受了手术矫正,包括上睑成形术(n=12)、肌肉切除(7例)、眉成形术(7例)和提上睑肌腱膜修复术(5例)。5例(41.7%)接受手术矫正和对肉毒杆菌素反应不佳的患者术后6mo症状改善(发病时间:P=0.0256,有效期间:P=0.374,SSAs:P=0.0161)。12例行眼睑手术患者术后并发症发生率低于未行眼睑手术患者(23%vs 42%,P≤0.05)。结论:Botox对于治疗hFS是一种安全有效的方法。继发性hFS患者使用肉毒杆菌毒素的治疗效果优于原发性hFS患者。对于并发眼睑疾病的患者而言,眼睑手术可提高患者满意度,降低并发症发生率,从而提高后续Botox注射的效果。

关键词：面肌痉挛肉毒杆菌毒素眼睑手术 MRI

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Agent Blue Spraying in the Mekong Delta during the Vietnam War: Fate of the Arsenic Based herbicide Weapon Used to Destroy Rice Crop and Mangrove Forests

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2022年第7期12卷 253-294页

作者： kenneth R. Olson Larry Cihacek College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana Illinois USA School of Natural Resource Sciences North Dakota State University Fargo North Dakota USA

Agent Blue, a mixture of cacodylic acid (Ch3) As O2h) and sodium cacodylate (C2h6 AsNaO2), was a tactical arsenic-based herbicide used during the Vietnam War to destroy grasses and rice crops. Natural and synthetic sources of arsenic can degrade into water-soluble forms and persist in groundwater and potentially contribute to elevating As levels in drinking water. The United States Department of Defense (DOD) and United States Department of Agricultural (USDA) Operation Ranch hand records for tactical herbicides including Agent Blue sprayed in southern Vietnam during the Vietnam War (1961-1971) are very detailed, rather complete and publicly available. The same is not true for tactical herbicides sprayed by the Republic of Vietnam (RV) during the Khai Quang program which was supported by the U.S. Army, U.S. Navy and Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) in the Mekong Delta. Agent Blue was sprayed by the RV military for three years before the official start of the American-Vietnam War. Few, if any, RV military, US Army, US Navy and CIA spray records exist from 1962 to 1965. Vietnam War veterans, historians and scholars have reported the spraying of 3.2 million liters (468,008 kg As) of Agent Blue on rice paddies and mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta and Central highlands by the RV military with the support of the US Army, US Navy and CIA. The Institute of Medicine estimated that 3.2 million liters (468,000 kg As) were sprayed during the RV Khai Quang program. This was in addition to the U.S. Air Force’s Operation Ranch hand spraying of the tactical herbicide Agent Blue primarily by C-123 aircraft. The Operation Ranch hand missions maintained location and quantities of herbicides sprayed (over 4,712,000 liters (664,392 kg As) from 1961-1971. The RV military and US military (Army and Navy) spray equipment included hand and backpack sprayers, sprayers mounted on Brown Water Navy boats, on Army track vehicles and Army

关键词： Operation Ranch hand Khai Quang program Agent Blue Arsenic Cacodylic Acid North Vietnam Army Republic of Vietnam Democratic Republic of Vietnam American-Vietnam War

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New early Eocene vertebrate assemblage from western India reveals a mixed fauna of European and Gondwana affinities

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第6期7卷 969-1001页

作者： Thierry Smith Kishor Kumar Rajendra S.Rana Annelise Folie Floreal Sole Corentin Noiret Thomas Steeman Ashok Sahni kenneth D.Rose Directorate Earth and history of Life Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Wadia Institute of himalayan Geology 33 General Mahadeo Singh RoadDehradun248001UttarakhandIndia Department of Geology H.N.B.Garhwal UniversitySrinagar246175UttarakhandIndia Scientific heritage Survey Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences29 rue VautierB-1000BrusselsBelgium Department of Geology University of Namur61 rue de BruxellesB-5000NamurBelgium Research Unit Palaeontology Ghent UniversityKrijgslaan 28158B-9000GhentBelgium Centre of Advanced Study in Geology Panjab UniversityChandigarh160014India Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD21205USA

The Ypresian Cambay Shale Formation at Vastan and Mangrol lignite mines in Gujarat, western India, has yielded a rich vertebrate fauna with numerous taxa of European affinities. here we report a new, approximately contemporary vertebrate assemblage from two fossiliferous layers in the nearby mine of Tadkeshwar. These layers have yielded a similar mammal fauna with the co-occurrence of the perissodactyl-like cambaytheriid Cambaytherium thewissi, the adapoid primates Marcgodinotius indicus and cf. Asiadapis cambayensis, and the hyaenodontid lndohyaenodon raoi. The presence of these species in both Vastan and Tadkeshwar mines and at different levels suggests that the deposits between the two major lignite seams represent a single land mammal age. Apart from the aforementioned species there is a new, smaller species of Cambaytherium, and a new genus and species of esthonychid tillodont. This fauna also contains the first large early Eocene vertebrates from India, including an unidentified Coryphodon-like pantodont, a dyrosaurid crocodyliform and a new giant madtsoiid snake. Among the Tadkeshwar vertebrates several taxa are of Gondwana affinities, such as Pelomedusoides turtles, dyr- osaurids, and large madtsoiids, attesting that the early Eocene was a crucial period in India during which Laurasian taxa of European affinities co-existed with relict taxa from Gondwana before the India-Asia collision. Our results suggest that terrestrial faunas could have dispersed to or from Europe during episodes of contact between the Indian subcontinent and different island blocks along the northern margin of the Neotethys, such as the Kohistan Ladakh island-arc system. Gondwana taxa might represent remnants of ghost lineages shared with Madagascar, which reached the Indian subcontinent during the late Cretaceous; alternatively they might have come from North Africa and passed along the southern margin of the Neotethys to reach the Indian subcontinent. These dispersals would have been

关键词： Vertebrates Snakes Mammals Primates Cambay Shale Formation Ypresian

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