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Chinese nursing students'culture-related learning styles and behaviours:A discussion paper

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International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2015年第3期2卷 253-258页

作者： Carol Chunfeng Wang kenneth mark greenwood School of Nursing and Midwifery Edith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia Faculty of Health Engineering and ScienceEdith Cowan UniversityPerthAustralia

Globalisation requires that nursing education focuses on culturally competent *** students studying in Australia present a valuable resource for cultural learning,yet internationalisation presents opportunities and challenges for both lecturers and *** paper explores Chinese nursing students,the single largest group of international students in Australia,their communication behaviour,patterns and learning styles at Australian universities from cultural and psychosocial *** aim is to provide insight for educators in Western countries to better understand this particular ethnic group and help Chinese nursing students overcome learning difficulties and develop their potential learning *** further recommend coping strategies to help international Chinese nursing students'learning.

关键词： Chinese nursing students International students International education

Predicting the mode of flow in pneumatic conveying systems—A review

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 289-300页

作者： mark G.Jones kenneth C.Williams Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies School of EngineeringUniversity of NewcastleNewcastle 2308Australia

An initial prediction of the particulate mode of flow in pneumatic conveying systems is beneficial as this knowledge can provide clearer direction to the pneumatic conveying design process. There are three general categories of modes of flow, two dense flows： fluidised dense phase and plug flow, and dilute phase oniy. Detailed in this paper is a review of the commonly used and available techniques for predicting mode of flow. Two types of predictive charts were defined： basic particle parameter based （e.g. particle size and density） and air-particle parameter based （e.g. permeability and de-aeration）. The basic particle techniques were found to have strong and weak areas of predictive ability, on the basis of a comparison with data from materials with known mode of flow capability. It was found that there was only slight improvement in predictive ability when the particle density was replaced by loose-poured bulk density in the basic parameter techniques. The air-particle-parameter-based techniques also showed well-defined regions for mode of flow prediction though the data set used was smaller than that for the basic techniques. Also, it was found to be difficult to utilise de-aeration values from different researchers and subsequently, an air-particle-based technique was developed which does not require any de-aeration parameter in its assessment.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Mode of flow Dense phase Permeability De-aeration

Determination of slug permeability factor for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 307-315页

作者： kenneth C.Williams mark G.Jones Tobias Krull Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technology The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Current models for pressure drop prediction of slug flow pneumatic conveying in a horizontal pipeline system assume some type of steady state conditions for prediction, which limits their capability for increased predictive accuracy relative to experimental data. This is partly because of the nature of slug flow pneumatic conveying system, which, as a dynamic system, never becomes stable. By utilising conservation of mass （airflow）, a dynamic pressure analysis model is proposed on the basis of the derivative of the upstream pressure behaviour. The rate of air permeation through slug, one of the important factors in the conservation model, is expressed as a function of a slug permeability factor. Other factors such as slug velocity, slug length and the fraction of stationary layer were also considered. Several test materials were conveyed in single-slug tests to verify the proposed pressure drop model, showing good agreement between the model and experimental results.

关键词： Slug flow pneumatic conveying Pressure drop Air mass conversation Slug permeability factor

Characterization of the gas pulse frequency,amplitude and velocity in non-steady dense phase pneumatic conveying of powders

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Particuology 2008年第5期6卷 301-306页

作者： kenneth C.Williams mark G.Jones Ahmed A.Cenna Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies School of EngineeringUniversity of Newcastle

Current modelling techniques for the prediction of conveying line pressure drop in low velocity dense phase pneumatic conveying are largely based on steady state analyses. Work in this area has been on-going for many years with only marginal improvements in the accuracy of prediction being achieved. Experimental and theoretical investigations undertaken by the authors suggest that the flow mechanisms involved in dense phase conveying are dominated by transient effects rather than those of steady state and are possibly the principal reasons for the limited improvement in accuracy. This paper reports on investigations on the pressure fluctuation behaviour in dense phase pneumatic conveying of powders. The pressure behaviour of the gas flow in the top section of the pipeline was found to exhibit pulsatile oscillations. In particular, the pulse velocity showed variation in magnitude while the frequency of the oscillations rarely exceeded 5 Hz. A wavelet analysis using the Daubechie 4 wavelet found that the amplitude of the oscillations increased along the pipeline. Furthermore, there was significant variation in gas pulse amplitude for different types of particulate material.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Powders Dense phase Pulsatile flow Transient flow

A qualitative study on the pulsatile flow phenomenon in a dense fly ash pneumatic conveyor

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Particuology 2014年第6期12卷 81-91页

作者： Wei Chen kenneth C.Williams Isabel Jabs mark G.Jones Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies Newcastle Institute for Energy and ResourcesThe University of Newcastle Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Leibniz University of Hanover

Understanding of the dynamic particulate flow structures within a dense gas-fly ash pneumatic conveyor must be improved in order to better aid its design *** complex pulsatile movement of the gas-fly ash mixture dominates the flow performance within the pipeline,and historically,non-invasive measurement devices such as the electrical capacitance tomography（ECT） were often used to sufficiently capture the flow ***,inadequate studies have been conducted on the pulsatile flow phenomenon,which directly relate to the gas-fly ash two-phase flow *** paper aims to investigate the pulsatile flows using an ECT ***,pulsatile flow patterns under various experimental conditions were obtained through *** within a flow were then characterised into pulse growth and decay segments,which represent the superficial fluidisation and deaeration processes during ***,structural and statistical analyses were performed on the pulse growth and decay *** suggested that the increasing air mass flow rate led to the decrease of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration magnitude,however,the increase of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration ***,the air mass flow rate was indicated as the dominant factor in determining the pulsing statistical *** research provides fundamental insights for further modelling the dense fly ash pneumatic flows.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Electrical capacitance tomography Fly ash Pulsatile flows Flow pattern analysis

Effect of particle degradation on electrostatic sensor measurements and flow characteristics in dilute pneumatic conveying

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Particuology 2017年第4期15卷 73-79页

作者： Wei Chen Jianyong Zhang Timothy Donohua kenneth Williams Ruixue Cheng mark Jones Bin Zhou Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies The University of Newcastle Callaghan 2308 Australia University of Teesside Middlesbrough Cleveland TS1 United Kingdom Southeast University Nanjing 210009 China

Vigorous particle collisions and mechanical processes occurring during high-velocity pneumatic con- veying often lead to particle degradation. The resulting particle size reduction and particle number increase will impact on the flow characteristics, and subsequently affect the electrostatic type of flow measurements. This study investigates this phenomenon using both experimental and numerical meth- ods. Particle degradation was induced experimentally by recursively conveying the fillite material within a pneumatic pipeline. The associated particle size reduction was monitored. Three electrostatic sensors were embedded along the pipeline to monitor the flow. The results indicated a decreasing trend in the electrostatic sensor outputs with decreasing particle size, which suggested the attenuation of the flow velocity fluctuation. This trend was more apparent at higher conveying velocities, which suggested that more severe particle degradation occurred under these conditions. Coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element methods （CFD-DEM） analysis was used to qualitatively validate these experimental results. The numerical results suggested that smaller particles exhibited lower flow velocity fluctua- tions, which was consistent with the observed experimental results. These findings provide important information for the accurate aoolication of electrostatic measurement devices in oneumatic conveyors.

关键词： Particle degradation Flow velocity fluctuation Electrostatic sensor CFD-DEM modelling Pneumatic conveying

Therapy decisions for the symptomatic patient wil metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第6期17卷 936-938,I0008页

作者： mark C markowski kenneth J Pienta Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA.

Metastatic prostate cancer continues to kill approximately 30,000 men per year. Since 2010, five new therapeutic agents have been Food and Drug Administration （FDA） approved to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. With the increasingnumber of therapies available to clinicians, the most effective sequence in which to implement these treatments remains unknown. The presence or absence of symptoms （i.e., bony pain, visceral crisis） is a key parameter that informs the decision-making process regarding therapy. Treatment algorithms based on： 1） asymptomatic/minimal symptoms, 2） moderate symptoms or chemotherapy ineligible or 3） symptomatic disease need to be developed.

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PARALLEL ADAPTIVE SIMULATION OF A PLUNGING LIQUID JET

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2010年第2期30卷 522-538页

作者： Azat Yu.Galimov Onkar Sahni Richard T.Lahey Jr. mark S.Shephard Donald A.Drew kenneth E.Jansen Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

This paper is concerned with three-dimensional numerical simulation of a plunging liquid jet. The transient processes of forming an air cavity around the jet, capturing an initially large air bubble, and the break-up of this large toroidal-shaped bubble into smaller bubbles were analyzed. A stabilized finite element method （FEM） was employed under parallel numerical simulations based on adaptive, unstructured grid and coupled with a level-set method to track the interface between air and liquid. These simulations show that the inertia of the liquid jet initially depresses the pool＇s surface, forming an annular air cavity which surrounds the liquid jet. A toroidal liquid eddy which is subse- quently formed in the liquid pool results in air cavity collapse, and in turn entrains air into the liquid pool from the unstable annular air gap region around the liquid jet.

关键词： plunging liquid jet air entrainment two-phase flows level set method parallel adaptive simulation

Characterization of Chitotriosidase Enzyme Activity in the Serum of the American Alligator (<i>Alligator mississippiensis</i>)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2018年第5期8卷 81-90页

作者： kenneth Kidder Rodolfo Falconi mark Merchant Department of Chemistry McNeese State University Lake Charles USA

Chitotriosidase (ChT) is an endoglucosaminidase enzyme that cleaves chitinous substrates and has been strongly associated with innate immune activity and the ability to identify non-selftissues. This enzyme activity was detected and characterized the serum from the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) using a fluorometric probe. Alligator serum exhibited volume-dependent activity, with activity (2.1 ± 0.3 μmol/min) observed at dilutions as low as a 1:150, and maximum activity (5.2 ± 0.6 μmol/min) measured at a dilution of 1:30. Alligator serum ChT showed linear activity for approximately 20 min, at which time activity decreased exponentially, presumably due to the depletion of substrate. In addition, the ChT activity in alligator serum was temperature-dependent with low activity at 5°C, a sharp increase from 10°C - 30°C, and maximal activity from 30°C - 40°C. The activity was inhibited in the presence of water-soluble chitin, but not mannan, indicating the specificity of the enzyme. The presence of ChT in alligator serum is likely to be partially responsible for the potent innate immune system of these crocodylians, and particularly antifungal activities.

关键词： Antifungal Crocodilian Crocodylian Innate Immunity