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Cecal microbiota transplantation:unique influence of cecal microbiota from divergently selected inbred donor lines on cecal microbial profile,serotonergic activity,and aggressive behavior of recipient chickens

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 1986-2001页

作者： Yuechi Fu Jiaying Hu Marisa A.Erasmus Huanmin Zhang Timothy A.johnson Hengwei Cheng Department of Animal Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory USDA-ARSEast LansingMI 48823USA Livestock Behavior Research Unit USDA-ARSWest LafayetteIN 47907USA

Background Accumulating evidence from human trials and rodent studies has indicated that modulation of gut microbiota affects host physiological homeostasis and behavioral ***,alterations in gut micro-biota could be a feasible strategy for reducing aggressive behavior and improving health in *** study was conducted to determine the effects of early-life cecal microbiota transplantation(CMT)on cecal microbial composi-tion,brain serotonergic activity,and aggressive behavior of recipient *** Chicken lines 63 and 72 with nonaggressive and aggressive behavior,respectively,were used as donors and a commercial strain Dekalb XL was used as recipients for ***-four 1-d-old male chicks were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments with 7 cages per treatment and 4 chickens per cage(n=7):saline(control,CTRL),cecal solution of line 6_(3)(6_(3)-CMT),and cecal solution of line 7_(2)(7_(2)-CMT).Transplantation was conducted via oral gavage once daily from d 1 to 10,and then boosted once weekly from week 3 to *** weeks 5 and 16,home-cage behavior was recorded,and chickens with similar body weights were assigned to paired aggression tests between the *** of blood,brain,and cecal content were collected from the post-tested chickens to detect CMT-induced biological and microbiota *** 63-CMT chickens displayed less aggressive behavior with a higher hypothalamic serotonergic activity at week ***,two amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)belonging to Lachnospiraceae and one Ruminococ-caceae UCG-005 ASV were positively correlated with the levels of brain tryptophan and serotonin,respectively.7_(2)-CMT chickens had lower levels of brain norepinephrine and dopamine at week 5 with higher levels of plasma serotonin and tryptophan at week *** belonging to Mollicutes RF39 and GCA-900066225 in 7_(2)-CMT chickens were nega-tively correlated with the brain 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA)at week 5,and one Bac

关键词： Aggressive behavior Cecal microbiota transplantation Chicken Microbiota-gut-brain axis Serotonergic activity

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Trace and rare earth element geochemistry of the black and grey shales of the Calabar Flank, Southeastern Nigeria: constraints on the depositional environment and the degree of metal enrichment

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Acta Geochimica 2021年第3期40卷 312-324页

作者： Christopher Iorfa Adamu Benjamin Odey Omang Oluwaseye Peter Oyetade Otu johnson Therese Ntonzi Nganje Department of Geology Faculty of Physical ScienceUniversity of CalabarCross River StateNigeria Department of Geology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BeninEdo StateNigeria

This study focuses on the trace and rare earth elements(REE)geochemistry of the Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales of the Calabar *** main aim is to infer their depositional environment and the degree of their metal *** shale samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass *** results indicated that the mean concentrations of K,Na,and Fe in Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales are 1.45,0.4,and 4.17 wt%,and 1.11,0.44,and 5.42 wt%;*** Nkporo Shale is enriched with the following trace elements;P>Mn>Sr>Ba>Zn>Ce>Rb>Zr>V>Cr>Ni and depleted in the following trace elements;Ta>Ge>Sb>Bi>Cd>Ag>Te>In>*** the Ekenkpon Shale is enriched with the following trace elements;P>Mn>Ba>Sr>V>Ce>Zr>Rb>Cr>Zn>Ni and depleted in;Sb>Ge>Bi>Ag>Ce>Te>In>*** concentration of redox-sensitive elements such as V,Ni,Mo,U,Cu,Cr,Re,Cd,Sb,Ti,Mn,and their ratio V/Mo and U/Mo in the black and grey shale samples show different *** REE obtained from the Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales were PAAS *** Nkporo Shale showed a slightly flat light rare-earth element(LREE),middle rare-earth element(MREE),and heavy rare earth element(HREE)pattern ***/Ce*ranges from 0.95 to 1.09 in Nkporo Shale and 0.67 to 1.40 in Ekenkpon *** Ekenkpon Shale showed a slight LREE,MREE enrichment,and depleted HREE *** Mn contents and U/Mo ratio in Nkporo and Ekenkpon Shales suggests a poor oxygen transitional *** V/Mo and V/(V+Ni)ratios indicated that the Nkporo shales were deposited in an anoxic to suboxic conditions and Ekenkpon shales were also deposited under an anoxic to suboxic *** V/Ni ratio indicated that the organic matter in the Nkporo shale is terrigenous while that of the Ekenkpon shales are both terrigenous and marine in origin.

关键词： Rare-earth elements(REE) Trace elements Calabar Flank Suboxic Anoxic

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Advances in Y-90 radioembolization for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 9-21页

作者： Andrew J.Woerner Guy E.johnson Department of Radiology Section of Interventional RadiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a prominent cause of cancer-related mortality *** yttrium-90 radioembolization is a versatile therapy and plays an important role in the treatment of hepatocellular *** review summarizes the establishment of radioembolization in the hepatocellular carcinoma treatment paradigm,treatment considerations across cancer stages,and recent advances in evidence.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma radioembolization yttrium-90 dosimetry radiation segmentectomy

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Analysis of Corrosion Mechanisms of Low-cement or No-cement Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO Gunning Mix with Special Calcined Alumina in Rotary Slag Test

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China's Refractories 2023年第4期32卷 16-21页

作者： LEE Yaotsung ZHAO Lite LEE johnson LIU William Hsin LianHsin EnterpriseCo. Ltd.Kaohsiung 831702China ALTEO Alumina Taipei 110502China Wuhan Ruxing Technology Co. Ltd.Wuhan 430415China

Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO and Al_(2)O_(3)-spinel low cement castables(LCC-AM and LCC-AS)have been extensively used in steel ladles as working ***,the use of alumina-magnesia gunning mixes has been mainly kept for maintaining these castable linings,because of high rebound loss,poor green strength,high porosity and short *** to a high BET alumina(MC-G),it is now possible to develop a series of high-performance no-cement or low-cement Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO gunning mixes(NCG-AM or LCG-AM).The paper focuses on the BOF slag resistance of NCG-AM,LCG-AM,LCC-AM and *** corrosion mechanisms of rotary slag samples were studied by scanning electron microscopy(SEM/EDS).The results reveal different microstructures around MgO particles,depending on the four used *** and thicker spinel phases were formed in NCG-AM,which was proved to have the best corrosion resistance after the dynamic slag ***-G can provide a high diffusion flux of Al^(3+)in terms of kinetics and hence inhibits Kirkendall porosity around MgO *** addition,a continuous spinel phase acts like a pinning nail to reinforce the matrix and thus decreases erosion by *** contrast to NCG-AM,the porous spinel phase was found around unreacted MgO particles and some particles were carried away near the interface of LCC-AM and *** NCG-AM containing MC-G had been tested in two steel plants,and it extended the service life of the ladles up to 50%.In addition,this study suggests the potential application of NCG-AM as steel ladle linings.

关键词： reactive alumina ladle working lining dynamic slag test kirkendall effect no-cement gunning mix

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The effects of temperature on decomposition and allelopathic phytotoxicity of boneseed litter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第7期27卷 1-11页

作者： Md.Abdullah Yousuf Al Harun Joshua johnson Md.Nazim Uddin Randall W.Robinson Institute for Sustainability and Innovation College of Engineering and Science Victoria UniversityMelbourne

Decomposition of plant litter is a fundamental process in ecosystem function, carbon and nutrient cycling and, by extension, climate change. This study aimed to investigate the role of temperature on the decomposition of water soluble phenolics（WSP）, carbon and soil nutrients in conjunction with the phytotoxicity dynamics of Chrysanthemoides monilifera subsp. monilifera（boneseed） litter. Treatments consisted of three factors including decomposition materials（litter alone, litter with soil and soil alone）, decomposition periods and temperatures（5-15, 15-25and 25-35°C（night/day））. Leachates were collected on 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 th days to analyse physico-chemical parameters and phytotoxicity. Water soluble phenolics and dissolved organic carbon（DOC） increased with increasing temperature while nutrients like SO-24 and NO-13 decreased. Speed of germination, hypocotyl and radical length and weight of Lactuca sativa exposed to leachates were decreased with increasing decomposition temperature. All treatment components had significant effects on these parameters. There had a strong correlation between DOC and WSP, and WSP content of the leachates with radical length of test species. This study identified complex interactivity among temperature, WSP, DOC and soil nutrient dynamics of litter occupied soil and that these factors work together to influence phytotoxicity.

关键词： Temperature Boneseed Phenolics DOC Nutrient cycling Phytotoxicity

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On the mechanical behavior of the human biliary system

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第9期13卷 1384-1392页

作者： Xiaoyu Luo Wenguang Li Nigel Bird Swee Boon Chin NA Hill Alan G johnson Department of Mathematics University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QW United Kingdom Department of Mechanical Enginwring University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 3JD United Kingdom Academic Surgical Unit Royal Hallamshirc Hospital Sheffield S10 2JF United Kingdom

This paper reviews the progress made in understanding the mechanical behaviour of the biliary system. Gallstones and diseases of the biliary tract affect more than 10% of the adult population. The complications of gallstones, i.e. acute pancreatitis and obstructive jandice, can be lethal, and patients with acalculous gallbladder pain often pose diagnostic difficulties and undergo repeated ultrasound scans and oral cholecystograms. Moreover, surgery to remove the gallbladder in these patients, in an attempt to relieve the symptoms, gives variable results. Extensive research has been carried out to understand the physiological and pathological functions of the biliary system, but the mechanism of the pathogenesis of gallstones and pain production still remain poorly understood. It is believed that the mechanical factors play an essential role in the mechanisms of the gallstone formation and biliary diseases. However, despite the extensive literature in clinical studies, only limited work has been carried out to study the biliary system from the mechanical point of view. In this paper, we discuss the state of art knowledge of the fluid dynamics of bile flow in the biliary tract, the solid mechanics of the gallbladder and bile ducts, recent mathematical and numerical modelling of the system, and finally the future challenges in the area.

关键词： Fluid dynamics Gallstone Bile flow Cystic duct Gallbladder Soft tissue mechanics Acalculousbiliary pain Stress Mechanical factors

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Vegetation fractional coverage change in a typical oasis region in Tarim River Watershed based on remote sensing

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Journal of Arid Land 2013年第1期5卷 89-101页

作者： Fei ZHANG Tashpolat TIYIP JianLi DING Mamat SAWUT Verner Carl johnson NigaraTASHPOLAT DongWei GUI College of Resources and Environment Science Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Xinjiang University Urumqi 830046 China Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences Colorado Mesa University Grand Junction Colorado 81501 USA Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi 830011 China Cele National Station of Observation & Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang Cele 848300 China

Vegetation fractional coverage （VFC） is an important index to describe and evaluate the ecological system. The vegetation index is widely used to monitor vegetation coverage in the field of remote sensing （RS）. In this paper, the author conducted a case study of the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers, which is a typical saline area in the Tarim River Watershed. The current study was based on the TM/ETM＋ images of 1989, 2001, and 2006, and supported by Geographic Information System （GIS） spatial analysis, vegetation index, and dimidiate pixel model. In addition, VBSl （vegetation, bare soil and shadow indices） suitable for TM/ETM＋ irrlages, constructed with FCD （forest canopy density） model principle and put forward by ITTO （International Tropical Timber Organization）, was used, and it was applied to estimate the VFC. The estimation accuracy was later prow^n to be up to 83.52%. Further, the study analyzed and appraised the changes in vegetation patterns and revealed a pattern of spatial change in the vegetation coverage of the study area by producing the map of VFC levels in the delta oasis. Forest, grassland, and farmland were the three main land-use types with high and extremely-high coverage, and they played an important role in maintaining the vegetation. The forest area determined the changes of the coverage area, whereas the other two land types affected the directions of change. Therefore, planting trees, protecting grasslands, reclaiming farmlands, and controlling unused lands should be included in a long-term program because of their importance in keeping regional vegetation coverage. Finally, the dynamic variation of VFC in the study area was evaluated according to the quantity and spatial distribution rendered by plant cover diigital images to deeply analyze the reason behind the variation.

关键词： vegetation fractional coverage (VFC) VBSI (vegetation, bare soil and shadow indices) dimidiate pixel model delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers

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Laxton's building price book 2004 V B johnson

Laxton's building price book 2004 V B Johnson

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2003年

作者： V B johnson.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Hepatocytes isolated from neoplastic liver-immunomagnetic purging as a new source for transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第32期14卷 5025-5031页

作者： Aravin Gunasegaram Javed Akhter Peng Yao Loreena A johnson Stephen M Riodan David L Morris University of New South Wales Department of Surgery St George Hospital Sydney 2044 Australia Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit Prince of Wales Hospital University of New South Wales Sydney 2044 Australia

AIM： To investigate whether hepatocytes isolated from macroscopically normal liver during hepatic resection for neoplasia could provide a novel source of healthy hepatocytes, including the development of reliable protocols for malignant cells removal from the hepatocyte preparation. METHODS： Hepatocytes were procured from resected liver of 18 patients with liver tumors using optimised digestion and cell-enrichment protocols. Suspensions of various known quantities of the HT-29 tumor cell line and patient hepatocytes were treated or not with Ep-CAM-antibody-coated immunomagnetic beads in order to investigate the efficacy of tumor-purging by immunomagnetic depletion, using a semi-quantitative RT-PCR method developed to detect tumor cells. Immunomagnetic bead-treated or bead-untreated tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions were transplanted intra-peritoneally in Balb/C nude mice to assess the rates of tumor development. RESULTS： Mean viable hepatocyte yield was 9.3×10^6 cells per gram of digested liver with mean viability of 70.5%. Immunomagnetic depletion removed tumor cells to below the RT-PCR detection-threshold of 1 tumor cell in 10^6 hepatocytes, representing a maximum tumor purging efficacy of greater than 400000-fold. Transplanted, immunomagnetic bead-purged tumor cell-hepatocyte suspensions did not form peritoneal tumors in Balb/C nude mice. Co-transplantation of hepatocytes with tumor cells did not increase tumorigenesis of the tumor cells. CONCLUSION： Immunomagnetic depletion appears to be an effective method of purging contaminating tumor cells to below threshold for likely tumorigenesis. Along with improved techniques for isolation of large numbers of viable hepatocytes, normal liver resected for neoplasia has potential as another clinically useful source of hepatocytes for transplantation.

关键词： Hepatocyte transplantation Immuno-magnetic purging Isolation of hepatocytes

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China's Belt and Road Initiative:Estrangement or Engagement with the United States

China's Belt and Road Initiative:Estrangement or Engagement ...

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作者： Joseph Courtland johnson Jr. 华东师范大学

学位级别：硕士

中国的上升对美国很紧张。见状,在亚洲美国想有更重要的影响。如此,美国的转向亚洲,跨太平洋伙伴关系,和新丝绸之路压抑中国。一带一路倡议是中国的响应。这论文把美国的亚洲目标比较中国的。这分论文会查两个国家的目标有合作机会还是... 详细信息

中国的上升对美国很紧张。见状,在亚洲美国想有更重要的影响。如此,美国的转向亚洲,跨太平洋伙伴关系,和新丝绸之路压抑中国。一带一路倡议是中国的响应。这论文把美国的亚洲目标比较中国的。这分论文会查两个国家的目标有合作机会还是他们会有竞争。本文分析了中国的“一带一路”和美国“转向亚洲”的动因。我发现“一带一路”并不与美国在亚洲的目标相冲突。而且,中国提供的替代援助不是西方国家给出的。

关键词：一带一路中美关系地缘政治转向亚洲

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