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Comparison of reflux esophagitis and its complications between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites

World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2009年第23期15卷 2878-2881页

作者： kenneth j.Vega Sian Chisholm M Mazen j.mal Divisions of Gastroenterology and General Internal Medicine University of Florida Health Sciences Center Jacksonville Florida 32207 United States Gastroenterology Section Veterans Affairs Medical Center 5901 E. 7th St. Long Beach CA 90822 United States

AIM: To determine the effect of ethnicity on the severity of reflux esophagitis (RE) and its complications. METHODS: A retrospective search of the endoscopy database at the University of Florida Health Science Center/j.cksonville for all cases of reflux esophagitis and its complications from j.nuary 1 to March 31, 2001 was performed. Inclusion criteria were endoscopic evidence of esophagitis using the LA classif ication, reflux related complications and self-reported ethnicity. The data obtained included esophagitis grade, presence of a hiatal hernia, esophageal ulcer, stricture and Barrett's esophagus, and endoscopy indication. RESULTS: The search identified 259 patients with RE or its complications, of which 171 were non-Hispanic whites and 88 were African Americans. The mean ages and male/female ratios were similar in the two groups. RE grade, esophageal ulcer, stricture and hiatal hernia frequency were likewise similar in the groups. Barrett's esophagus was present more often in non-Hispanic whites than in African Americans (15.8% vs 4.5%; P < 0.01). Heartburn was a more frequent indication for endoscopy in non-Hispanic whites with erosive esophagitis than in African Americans (28.1% vs 7.9%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Distribution of RE grade and frequency of reflux-related esophageal ulcer, stricture andhiatal hernia are similar in non-Hispanic whites and African Americans. Heartburn was more frequently and nausea/vomiting less frequently reported as the primary endoscopic indication in non-Hispanic whites compared with African Americans with erosive esophagitis or its complications. African Americans have a decreased prevalence of Barrett's esophagus compared with non-Hispanic whites.

关键词： Reflux esophagitis African American Hiatal hernia Barrett's esophagus

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Evolutionary Genomics of Weedy Rice in the USA

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第6期49卷 811-816页

作者： kenneth M. Olsen Ana L. Caicedo Yulin j.a Department of Biology Washington University St Louis MO 63130 USA Department of Biology University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 USA USDA-ARS Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center Stuttgart AR 72160 USA

Red rice Is an Interfertlle, weedy form of cultivated rice （Oryza sativa L.） that competes aggressively with the crop In the southern US, reducing yields and contaminating harvests. No wild Oryza species occur In North America and the weed has been proposed to have evolved through multiple mechanisms, Including ＂de-domestication＂ of US crop cultlvars, accidental introduction of Asian weeds, and hybridization between US crops and Asian wild/weedy Oryza strains. The phenotype of US red rice ranges from ＂crop mimics＂, which share some domestication traits with the crop, to strains closely resembling Asian wild Oryza species. Assessments of genetic diversity have Indicated that many weed strains are closely related to Asian taxa （Including indica and aus rice varieties, which have never been cultivated In the US, and the Asian crop progenitor O. ruflpogon）, whereas others show genetic similarity to the tropical j.ponica varieties cultivated In the southern US. Herein, we review what Is known about the evolutionary origins and genetic diversity of US red rice and describe an ongoing research proj.ct to further characterize the evolutionary genomlcs of this aggressive weed.

关键词： crop-weed introgression de-domestication Oryza sativa weed evolution weedy rice.

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Capacity Optimization Study of Chua Mini-Hydropower Plant at Chua River, Manica, Mozambique

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Energy and Power Engineering 2015年第13期7卷 604-612页

作者： Miguel M. Uamusse Alberto j. Tsamba j.nas Matsinhe kenneth M. Persson Department of Water Resource Engineering Lund University Lund Sweden Department of Chemical Engineering Eduardo Mondlane University Maputo Mozambique

Hydropower energy is one of most promising clean energy technologies, however this energy technology has many challenges. Compared with other renewable energies for example biomass, solar and wind energies, it has high capital investment cost. In Mozambique, access to conversional energy in form of electricity has been limited to most of the rural population. The obj.ctives of the investigation research are to analyze Chua micro-hydropower plant exploration in Manica district in Mozambique and to examine the possibility of increasing energy production. The current total installed power generation capacity in Mozambique is about 939 MW. Hydropower contributes 561 MW, making a contribution of 61%. Oil contributes 27%, and natural gas contributes 12% of the total electric grid generation in Mozambique.

关键词： Hydropower Renewable Energy Manica Mozambique

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Consumer behavior 9th ed.

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丛书名： McGraw-Hill/Irwin series in marketing

2004年

作者： Del I. Hawkins Roger j. Best kenneth A. Coney

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A qualitative study on the pulsatile flow phenomenon in a dense fly ash pneumatic conveyor

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Particuology 2014年第6期12卷 81-91页

作者： Wei Chen kenneth C.Williams Isabel j.bs Mark G.j.nes Centre for Bulk Solids and Particulate Technologies Newcastle Institute for Energy and ResourcesThe University of Newcastle Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Leibniz University of Hanover

Understanding of the dynamic particulate flow structures within a dense gas-fly ash pneumatic conveyor must be improved in order to better aid its design *** complex pulsatile movement of the gas-fly ash mixture dominates the flow performance within the pipeline,and historically,non-invasive measurement devices such as the electrical capacitance tomography（ECT） were often used to sufficiently capture the flow ***,inadequate studies have been conducted on the pulsatile flow phenomenon,which directly relate to the gas-fly ash two-phase flow *** paper aims to investigate the pulsatile flows using an ECT ***,pulsatile flow patterns under various experimental conditions were obtained through *** within a flow were then characterised into pulse growth and decay segments,which represent the superficial fluidisation and deaeration processes during ***,structural and statistical analyses were performed on the pulse growth and decay *** suggested that the increasing air mass flow rate led to the decrease of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration magnitude,however,the increase of the superficial fluidisation/deaeration ***,the air mass flow rate was indicated as the dominant factor in determining the pulsing statistical *** research provides fundamental insights for further modelling the dense fly ash pneumatic flows.

关键词： Pneumatic conveying Electrical capacitance tomography Fly ash Pulsatile flows Flow pattern analysis

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Patient prompting of their physician resulted in increased colon cancer screening referrals

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World j.urnal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第7期6卷 257-262页

作者： Vu Le Saqib Syed kenneth j.Vega Tushar Sharma Mohammad F Madhoun Nakumar Srinivasan Courtney W Houchen Division of Digestive Disease and Nutrition Univer-sity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States College of Public Health University of Okla-homa Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City OK 73104 United States

AIM:To determine whether a communication instru-ment provided to patients prior to their primary carephysician(PCP)visit initiates a conversation with theirPCP about colorectal cancer screening(CRC-S),impact-ing screening referral rates in fully insured and underin-sured ***:A prospective randomized control studywas performed at a single academic center outpatient internal medicine(IRMC,underinsured)and fam-ily medicine(FMRC,insured)resident clinics prior to scheduled *** the intervention group,a pamphlet about the benefit of CRC-S and a reminder card were given to patients before the scheduled visit for prompt-ing of CRC-S referral by their *** main outcome measured was frequency of CRC-S referral in each clinic after ***:In the IRMC,148 patients participated,a control group of 72 patients(40F and 32M)and 76 patients(48F and 28M)in the intervention ***-ferrals for CRC-S occurred in 45/72(63%)of control vs 70/76(92%)in the intervention group(P≤0.001).In the FMRC,126 patients participated,66(39F:27M)con-trol and 60(33F:27M)in the intervention ***-S referrals occurred in 47/66(71%)of controls vs 56/60(98%)in the intervention group(P≤0.001).CONCLUSION:Patient initiated physician prompting produced a significant referral increase for CRC-S in un-derinsured and insured patient *** investigation aimed at increasing CRC-S acceptance is warranted.

关键词： Colon cancer Screening Primary care Physician patient relationship Referral

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Biophotoelectrochemistry:An emerging frontier for channeling photoelectric effect into darkness zone of soils and sediments

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 5-8页

作者： j.e YE Shungui ZHOU kenneth H.NEALSON Christopher RENSING Fuj.an Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Department of Earth Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90007USA

Solar energy captured by photosynthetic plants in the photic zone is recognized as the main driver for the formation of organic matter utilized by soil communities. However, the contribution of organic transformation to the linkage of solar energy and microbial metabolism of soils is reduced when the vadose zone is saturated. In contrast to the conventional biophotoelectrochemistry via photosynthesis with phytoplankton during the periodic saturation of soils, recent studies suggest that non-phototrophic microorganisms in soils and sediments are able to conduct light-dependent metabolism to sustain their functionality with photosensitizers under illumination. These interactions and processes utilize long-distance electron transfer networks to interconnect diverse electron transfer chains that channel photoexcited electrons into the opaque zone for soil communities. Such an emerging process not only allows for a better understanding of biogeochemical processes such as soil carbon sequestration and mitigation, but also shows great potential for environmental treatment such as the bioremediation of contaminated soils. Therefore, we suggest that biophotoelectrochemistry via photoelectric effect can have significant, heretofore unappreciated, theoretical and practical values.

关键词： soils soil metabolism

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Progress in Machine Translation

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Engineering 2022年第11期18卷 143-153页

作者： Haifeng Wang Hua Wu Zhongj.n He Liang Huang kenneth Ward Church Baidu Inc. Beijing 100193China Baidu Research SunnyvaleCA 94089USA

After more than 70 years of evolution,great achievements have been made in machine *** in recent years,translation quality has been greatly improved with the emergence of neural machine translation(NMT).In this article,we first review the history of machine translation from rule-based machine translation to example-based machine translation and statistical machine *** then introduce NMT in more detail,including the basic framework and the current dominant framework,Transformer,as well as multilingual translation models to deal with the data sparseness *** addition,we introduce cutting-edge simultaneous translation methods that achieve a balance between translation quality and *** then describe various products and applications of machine *** the end of this article,we briefly discuss challenges and future research directions in this field.

关键词： Machine translation Neural machine translation Simultaneous translation

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Evolution of endovascular mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke

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World j.urnal of Clinical Cases 2014年第11期2卷 614-622页

作者： Colin j.Przybylowski Dale Ding Robert M Starke Christopher R Durst R Webster Crowley kenneth C Liu Department of Neurological Surgery University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA 22908United States Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging University of Virginia Charlottesville VA 22908 United States

Acute ischemic stroke(AIS) is a common medical problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. A small proportion of AIS patients meet eligibility criteria for intravenous thrombolysis(IVT) with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, and its efficacy for large vessel occlusion is poor. Therefore, an increasing number of patients with AIS are being treated with endovascular mechanical thrombectomy when IVT is ineffective or contraindicated. Rapid advancement in catheter-based and endovascular device technology has led to significant improvements in rates of cerebral reperfusion with these devices. Stentrievers and modern aspiration catheters have now surpassed earlier generation devices in the degree and rapidity of revascularization. This progress has been achieved with no concurrent increase in risk of maj.r complications or mortality, both when used alone or in combination with IVT. The initial randomized controlled trials comparing endovascular therapy to IVT for AIS failed to show superior outcomes with endovascular treatment, butkey limitations of each trial may limit the significance of these results to current practice. While endovascular devices and operator experience continue to evolve, we are optimistic that this will be accompanied by improvements in patient outcomes. This review highlights the maj.r endovascular devices used in current practice and the trials which have investigated their efficacy.

关键词： Cerebral infarction Endovascular procedures Intracranial hemorrhages Stents Stroke

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忘记呼吸的小镇

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作者： (加)肯尼斯·j. 哈维(kenneth j. Harvey)

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