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Exploring the Relationship between Adiponectin and Blood Pressure in Nigerian Children

Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2022年第2期12卷 9-19页

作者： Chisom Adaobi Nri-Ezedi Henry Chima Okpara kenneth Nchekwube Okeke Ezinne Ifeyinwa Nwaneli emeka Stephen Edokwe Sylvia Tochukwu Echendu Thomas Obiajulu Ulasi Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Medicine Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Life International Hospital Awka Nigeria

Background: Adiponectin possesses essential physiological functions that protect against the onset of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Although several studies have discussed the association between adiponectin and Blood Pressure (BP) in adults and older adolescents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the relationship between adiponectin and BP among children in Africa. Significance: This novel discovery is expected to serve as a benchmark for future local studies in examining the role of adiponectin in cardiovascular disorders among Africans. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 86 healthy children aged 4 to 11 years with normal BMI. BP values were measured and percentiles derived from the 2017 revised clinical practice guidelines of the American Academy of Paediatrics. Fasting blood adiponectin values were determined with ELISA, and the level of statistical significance was set at p Result: 86 children were comprised of 42 (48.8%) males and 44 (51.2%) females. The mean age of all subjects was 7.5 ± 2.3 years, while that of fasting adiponectin was 4.8 ± 2.1 ng/dl. There were no significant differences in the age, Body Mass Index, BP and adiponectin concentrations across gender. 69 (80.2%) participants had normal BP while 5 (5.8%) and 12 (14.0%) had elevated BP and stage 1 hypertension. Mean adiponectin values for normal BP, elevated BP and stage 1 hypertension were 5.1 ± 2.1 ng/ml, 3.3 ± 1.2 ng/ml and 4.1 ± 1.9 ng/ml respectively (p-value = 0.039). A significant negative correlation was observed between adiponectin and systolic BP independent of age, sex, and BMI. Although a negative correlation was noted between adiponectin and diastolic blood pressure, this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Adiponectin correlates negatively with systolic BP in young Nigerian children independent of age, Body Mass Index and gender. More studies are indicated to investigate this relationship in association with vital m

关键词： Adiponectin Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Diseases Nigeria Atherosclerosis Hypertension

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The Fetal Outcome and Fetal Wastage Pattern among Different Types of Obstetric Fistula at the National Obstetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第4期10卷 538-545页

作者： kenneth Chinedu Ekwedigwe Onwe O. emeka Isikhuemen E. Maradona Iwe Bobby Azubuike K. Onyebuchi Obuna Johnson Ezeonu P. Olisaemeka Onoh C. Robinson Ekwedigwe P. Ifeanyi Clinical Services National Obstetric Fistula Centre Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Obstetric Fistula is a major public health problem in developing world. It is associated with a high fetal wastage rate. The objective of this study was to evaluate different types of obstetric fistula and their fetal wastage rate. METHOD: A retrospective population study was done at the National Obstetric Fistula Centre, Abakaliki between 1st January-31st December, 2016. The calculated minimum sample size was 3, however, the total number of 203 patients were studied. The case notes of all the women who had obstetric fistula repairs over the period were analyzed. RESULTS: The mean age from this study was 38 ± 12.1 years. The fetal wastage rate from this study was 82.76% while the live birth was 17.24%. Seventy percent of the stillbirth were delivered via SVD, while 11% of stillbirth were delivered through EmCS. Twelve different types of fistula were identified in this study using anatomical classifications. Large extensive fistula, urethral loss and multiple fistula had the highest fetal wastage of 100% respectively. This was followed by mid-vaginal fistula (95.7%), Juxtaurethral fistula 94.4%, Juxtacervical fistula 88.5%, Intracervical fistula 85.71%, Ureteric fistula 85.71%, Vesicouterine 84.21%, Vault fistula 62.5%. Rectovaginal fistula had the least fetal wastage of 15.79% and the highest live birth of 84.2%. CONCLUSION: The findings showed a high fetal wastage rate amongst women with obstetric fistula. There was high fetal wastage across different types of obstetric fistula. Rectovaginal fistula had the best outcome in terms of live births.

关键词： Obstetric Fistula Fetal Wastage/Stillbirth Live Birth

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Baseline Laboratory Profile of HIV Positive Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Jos North Central Nigeria: Implications for Pre-vention, Treatment, Care and Support

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World Journal of AIDS 2015年第4期5卷 328-334页

作者： Christian Ogoegbunem Isichei Mercy Wakili Isichei Jean Emile Njab Johnson Ibidun Rotimi Tinuade Abimbola Oyebode Charles Ujunwa Anyaka kenneth emeka enw.rem Ayuba Ishiaku Affi Lucius Chidiebere Imoh Alexander Ogielu Abu Solomon Abiola Asorose Noel Omuya Amadu Propser Ihenacho Okonkwo Ngozi Ijeoma Okoro Department of Chemical Pathology Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Faith Alive Foundation Jos Nigeria Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Jos University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Bingham University Jos Campus Jos Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Jos Jos Nigeria AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN) Abuja Nigeria

Background: We characterized baseline laboratory data of patients to identify priority treatment areas, most affected populations, anticipated clinical complications and assessed the potential burden of retention in care in Jos, Plateau State—North Central Nigeria. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional design from January 2004 to December 2005 at Faith Alive Foundation (FAF). All participants were HIV-positive and underwent pre-antiretroviral therapy counseling based on the national antiretroviral therapy (ART) guidelines and baseline laboratory testing. Data were captured on Microsoft Excel, validated on Epi Info and analyzed on SPSS version 21 at P < .05 level of significance. Results: Total of 1499 (463 men and 1036 women) participants were evaluated in this study. The age and sex related distribution of participants showed that majority (80.3% for males and 92.5% for females) were 16 - 45 years old. Amylase and creatinine were significantly higher in males than females (P = .02). Anaemia was the most common baseline abnormality (63% for females and 58% for males), while baseline CD4 count was significantly lower in males than females (P < .02) and at one-third had elevated liver enzymes (AST and ALT). Conclusion: The baseline laboratory profile of most HIV positive patients in Jos and environs of North Central–Nigeria was characterized by anaemia, elevated creatinine, and abnormal liver transaminase levels (AST and ALT). This pre-ART laboratory result suggests that HIV-positive individuals have multiple clinical abnormalities which may require more extensive care than just treating the HIV disease.

关键词： Baseline Laboratory Profile HIV-Positive Patients PEPFAR HTC Nigeria

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