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Response of Asiatic ibex(Capra sibirica) under Climate Change Scenarios

Journal of Resources and Ecology 2020年第1期11卷 27-37页

作者： Eric Ariel L.SALAS Raul VALDEZ Stefan MIChEL kenneth G.BOYKIN Agricultural Research and Development Program College of Science and EngineeringCentral State UniversityWilberforceOH 45384USA Department of Fish Wildlife and Conservation EcologyNew Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA IUCN Species Survival Commission Caprinae Specialist GroupKannawurf D-06578Germany

We investigated the effects of climate change on the distribution of the Asiatic ibex(Capra sibirica)in eastern *** existing climate change studies have been conducted on the habitat of a wild goat species in *** conducted ecological niche modelling to compare potential present and future distributions of suitable environmental conditions for *** to 2070,18%(2689 km^2)of the current suitable areas would be lost,mostly located in the southeastern and northwestern regions of the study ***,new suitable habitats could expand outside the current ibex range—about 30%(4595 km^2)expansion until *** found that the elevation,terrain roughness,seasonal temperature,and precipitation of warmest quarter were the most important factors in the models and had strong correlations to ibex *** losses in the southeastern portion overlapped most of the current locations of ibex in that *** losses were observed in the much lower elevations of the study area(3500 m to 4000 m).When considering both loss and gain,the ibex could see a net expansion to new suitable *** 30%(1379 km^2)of the average habitat gains for the Asiatic ibex in 2070 showed a shift to northern lower temperature *** results are beneficial in planning for the potential effects on biodiversity conservation in the eastern mountain region of Tajikistan under climate change *** attention should be given to the ibex populations in the southeastern region,where habitats could become unsuitable for the species as a result of the climate-induced effects on the mountain ecosystem.

关键词： ensemble forecasting models global climate change species distribution modeling mountain ungulates

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Diurnal variation in fecal concentrations of acid-detergent insoluble ash and alkaline-peroxide lignin from cattle fed bermudagrass hays of varying nutrient content

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第4期6卷 410-415页

作者： Juvenal Kanani Dirk Philipp kenneth P Coffey Elizabeth B Kegley Charles P West Shane Gadberry John Jennings Ashley N Young Robert T Rhein Division of Agriculture University of Arkansas Department of Plant and Soil Science Texas Tech University

Background： The effect of time of fecal sampling on the accuracy of acid-detergent insoluble ash （ADIA） and alkaline-peroxide lignin （APL） for the prediction of fecal output （FO） in cattle was evaluated. Eight ruminally cannulated cows （594 _＋ 35.5 kg） were allocated randomly to 4 bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon （L.） Pers.] hay diets markedly different in crude protein concentration （79-164 g/kg） with 2 replicates per diet for 3 periods. Cows were offered hay individually at 20 g DM/kg of body weight daily in equal feedings at 08：00 and 16：00 h for a 10-d adaptation period followed by 5-d of total fecal collection. Fecal grab samples also were taken each day during the fecal collection period at 06：00, 12：00, 18：00, and 24：00 h either directly from the rectum or from freshly voided feces. Samples were composited within cow and time across the 5 d total fecal collection period. Additionally, forage, ort, and fecal samples were analyzed for concentrations of APL and ADIA. Results： Fecal concentrations of ADIA and APL were not affected by sampling time （P 〉 0.22）, even though diet affected （P 〈 0.01） fecal ADIA and APL concentrations. There were no diet x sampling time interactions （P ≥ 0.60）. Estimates of FO and dry matter digestibility （DMD） from ADIA and APL were not affected （P 〉 0.16） by sampling time or the diet x sampling time interaction （P 〉 0.74）. Estimates of FO and DMD from markers from different sampling times or all different combinations of sampling time were not different （P 〉 0.72） from those of total collection among internal markers. Conclusion： Little variation in concentrations of ADIA and APL in daily fecal excretion across time increases flexibility in fecal grab sampling schedules for predicting FO and DMD.

关键词： Digestibility Fecal sampling time Internal markers Bermudagrass Cattle

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有氧运动的历史——历经50年,仍在前进中

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体育科研 2018年第6期39卷 19-23,64页

作者： kenneth h.Cooper 朱为模库珀有氧中心美国伊利偌伊大学

《有氧运动》出版至今已有50年,追溯过去,我从未想过医生对于运动在医学实践中价值的态度会发生翻天覆地的变化。在我的一生中,我从未想到能见证平板测试成为完整检查的必要组成部分,没想到缺乏身体活动的重要性影响可与高血压和高胆固... 详细信息

《有氧运动》出版至今已有50年,追溯过去,我从未想过医生对于运动在医学实践中价值的态度会发生翻天覆地的变化。在我的一生中,我从未想到能见证平板测试成为完整检查的必要组成部分,没想到缺乏身体活动的重要性影响可与高血压和高胆固醇齐平,也没想到吸烟会被认为是影响冠状动脉的危险因素。本文介绍了在我和本领域许多同事的工作以及库珀研究中心(The Cooper Institute)的重要工作的影响下,这种缓慢但渐进的转变是如何发生的。1970年6月,我租用了一个研究所,也就是后来的库珀诊所(Cooper Clinic),半年之后,我在那里见到了我的第一个病人,现在库珀中心纵向研究作为世界上最大的比较测量健康水平的数据库,我们不再需要依赖问卷调查和从发表的700多篇学术文献中找寻健身与健康的关联,我们已经证明并且可以有把握地说,"运动是良医",更具体地说,我希望本文能够展示我们和其他人在这项科学研究中所做的工作,此外,即使是最严厉的批评者现在也在说,"这些结果令人印象深刻,不容忽视。"

关键词：运动是良医体适能健康青少年

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Associations between walking parameters and subsequent sleep difficulty in older adults: A 2-year follow-up study

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2018年第1期7卷 95-101页

作者： Li-Jung Chen kenneth R.Fox Wen-Jung Sun Pei-Shu Tsai Po-Wen Ku Dachen Chu Department of Exercise health Science Taiwan University of Sport Department of Epidemiology and Public health University College London Centre for Exercise Nutrition and Health Sciences University of Bristol Family Medicine Department Taipei City Hospital Zhongxing Branch Graduate Institute of Translation and Interpretation Changhua University of Education Graduate Institute of Sports and health Changhua University of Education Department of Neurosurgery Taipei City Hospital and Institute of Public Health and Community Medicine Research Center Yang-Ming University

Purpose: This 2-year follow-up study aimed to examine the associations between total volume, frequency, duration, and speed of walking with subsequent sleep difficulty in older ***: A total of 800 older adults aged 65 years and over participated in the first survey in 2012 and 511 of them were followed 2 years *** 5-item Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS-5) was used to measure sleep difficulty. Frequency, duration, and speed of outdoor walking were self-reported. Walking speed was assigned a metabolic equivalent value(MET) from 2.5 to 4.5. Total walking volume in MET-h/week was calculated as frequency × duration × speed. Negative binomial regressions were performed to examine the associations between volume and components of walking with subsequent sleep difficulty with covariates of age, sex, education, marital status, living arrangement, smoking, alcohol consumption, mental health, Charlson Index, exercise(excluding walking), and sleep difficulty at ***: Participants with low walking volume had a higher level of sleep difficulty 2 years later compared with those with high walking volume(incident rate ratios = 1.61, p = 0.004). When speed, frequency, and duration of walking were simultaneously entered into 1 model, only walking speed was significantly associated with subsequent sleep difficulty(after the model was adjusted for covariates and baseline sleep difficulty).Sensitivity analyses showed that walking duration emerged as a significant predictor among 3 walking parameters, with 2-year changes of sleep scores as dependent ***: Total amount of walking(especially faster walking and lasting for more than 20 min) is associated with less subsequent sleep difficulty after 2 years among older adults.

关键词： Disturbed sleep Exercise Insomnia Physical activity Prospective study Sleep disorder

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寻找合适的医生

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中国医院院长 2009年第22期5卷 76-78页

作者： kenneth h.Cohn 何倩

美国人口逐渐老龄化，对医疗服务的需求也更加复杂，并且许多医生都到了退休年龄，而年轻一代的医生（出生于1965年以后）对于从事临床工作和个人生活的关系与上一代医生有着截然不同的观点，他们往往更加强调工作与生活的平衡，这些都... 详细信息

美国人口逐渐老龄化，对医疗服务的需求也更加复杂，并且许多医生都到了退休年龄，而年轻一代的医生（出生于1965年以后）对于从事临床工作和个人生活的关系与上一代医生有着截然不同的观点，他们往往更加强调工作与生活的平衡，这些都给美国的医疗系统带来了前所未有的挑战。

关键词：医生医疗服务临床工作医疗系统老龄化美国生活

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Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第5期18卷 1161-1171页

作者： Chang h.Kim Department of Pathology and Mary h.Weiser Food Allergy Center University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA

A mounting body of evidence indicates that dietary fiber(DF)metabolites produced by commensal bacteria play essential roles in balancing the immune ***,considered nonessential nutrients in the past,is now considered to be necessary to maintain adequate levels of immunity and suppress inflammatory and allergic ***-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),such as acetate,propionate,and butyrate,are the major DF metabolites and mostly produced by specialized commensal bacteria that are capable of breaking down DF into simpler saccharides and further metabolizing the saccharides into *** act on many cell types to regulate a number of important biological processes,including host metabolism,intestinal functions,and immunity *** review specifically highlights the regulatory functions of DF and SCFAs in the immune system with a focus on major innate and adaptive *** information regarding how SCFAs regulate innate lymphoid cells,T helper cells,cytotoxic T cells,and B cells and how these functions impact immunity,inflammation,and allergic responses are discussed.

关键词： Microbiota Dietary fiber Short-chain fatty acids Innate lymphoid cells B cells Th1 Th17 Tregs CD8 Microbial metabolites

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Long-Term Fate of Agent Orange and Dioxin TCDD Contaminated Soils and Sediments in Vietnam hotspots

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2019年第1期9卷 1-34页

作者： kenneth Ray Olson Lois Wright Morton Department of NRES College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL USA Department of Sociology College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Iowa State University Ames IA USA

The soils, tropical climate, and network of canals and rivers of southern Vietnam have created one of the most diverse tropical jungles and intensely cultivated landscapes of Southeast Asia. This paradise has a long history of numerous wars, foreign occupations, and most recently the Second Indochina War (aka the Vietnam War 1965-1972) which defoliated rain forests and ancient wetland mangroves and left behind contaminated soil and sediment hotspots. During this war, the United States (US) military sprayed 80 million liters of Agent Orange contaminated with the dioxin TCDD in a guerrilla war against communist insurgents. Agent Orange was a synthetic plant growth regulator comprised of equal amounts of two herbicides 2,4-dichloro phenoxyacetic acid C8h6Cl2O3 (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid C8h5Cl3O3 (2,4,5-T). TCDD, the dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (C12h4Cl4O2) was an unintended byproduct of the accelerated combustion process used in the manufacture of herbicides containing 2,4,5-T. Agent Orange has frequently been blamed for soil and sediment contamination and long-term human health problems;however, the true source of harm is the dioxin TCDD. Agent Orange has a short half-life of days and weeks after application to vegetation, and has not been found to persist, after 50 years, in the water or soils of southern Vietnam. however, the half-life of dioxin TCDD depends on where it is deposited and varies from 1 to 3 years on soil surfaces that have been fully exposed to sunlight, to as long as 20 to 50 years or more when buried in tropical subsoils, and more than 100 years in river and sea sediments. Dioxin TCDD was heavily concentrated in the US Air Force bases in Vietnam where the herbicides were stored, loaded on planes and helicopters for aerial spraying, and used extensively around military base perimeter fences as a security measure to prevent surprise attacks. Bien hoa Air Force base, 40 km northeast of ho Chi Minh City, continues to be

关键词： Soils of Vietnam Agent Orange Dioxin TCDD herbicides Soil Contaminant Sediment Contaminant half-Life hotspots Operation Ranch hand US Airbases in Vietnam Vietnam War Cu Chi Soil Tunnels Guerilla Warfare Incineration

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hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter at 1930 nm for volumetric photoacoustic imaging of water content

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 68-74页

作者： Jiawei Shi Mingsheng Li huajun Tang Jiqiang Kang Najia Sharmin Amir Rosenthal kenneth K.Y.Wong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam RoadHong KongChina.2 Department of Electrical EngineeringTechnion–Israel Institute of TechnologyTechnion City32000 HaifaIsrael Advanced Biomedical Instrumentation Centre Hong Kong Science ParkShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongChina

Water plays a vital role in biological metabolism and it would be essential to trace the water content non-invasively,such as leveraging the vibrational absorption peak of the O-h ***,due to the lack of an efficient laser source,it was challenging to image the water content in the deep tissue with micron-level spatial *** address this problem,we develop a high-power hybrid optical parametrically-oscillating emitter(hOPE)at 1930 nm,at which the vibrational absorption peak of the O-h bond *** maximum pulse energy is over 1.74μJ with a pulse repetition rate of 50 khz and a pulse width of 15 *** employ this laser source in the optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy(OR-PAM)system to image the water content in the phantom and the biological tissue in *** 1930-nm OR-PAM could map the water content in the complex tissue environment at high spatial resolution,deep penetration depth,improved sensitivity,and suppressed artifact signal of the lipid.

关键词： Fiber optical parametric oscillator Thulium-doped fiber laser Photoacoustic microscopy

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human Serum-derived Extracellular Vesicles Protect A549 from PM_(2.5)-induced Cell Apoptosis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期34卷 40-49页

作者： ZhOU Qiu Lian BAI Yu Zheng GAO Juan DUAN Yi LYU Yi Cheng GUAN Long Fei ELKIN kenneth XIE Yu Ling JIAO Zheng WANG hong Yun Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Applied Radiation Institute School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China School of Medicine Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China China-America Institute of Neuroscience Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 101149China Department of Neurosurgery Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI 48201USA

Objective Epidemiological studies reveal that exposure to fine particulate matter(aerodynamic diameter≤2.5μm,PM_(2.5))increases the morbidity and mortality of respiratory *** evidence suggests that human circulating extracellular vesicles(EVs)may offer protective effects against injury caused by particulate ***,however,whether EVs attenuate PM_(2.5)-induced A549 cell apoptosis is *** EVs were isolated from the serum of healthy subjects,quantified via nanoparticle tracking analysis,and qualified by the marker protein ***_(2.5)-exposed(50μg/mL)A549 cells were pretreated with 10μg/mL EVs for 24 *** viability,cell apoptosis,and AKT activation were assessed via Cell Counting Kit-8,flow cytometry,and Western blot,respectively.A rescue experiment was also performed using MK2206,an AKT *** PM_(2.5)exposure caused a 100%in crease in cell *** treatme nt reduced cell apoptosis by 10%,promoted cell survival,and inhibited the PM_(2.5)-induced upregulation of Bax/Bcl2 and cleaved caspase 3/caspase 3 in PM_(2.5)-exposed A549 ***,EVs treatment reversed PM_(2.5)-induced reductions in p-AKT^(Thr308)and p-AKT^(Ser473).A KT inhibition attenuated the anti-apoptotic effect of EVs treatment on PM_(2.5)-exposed A549 *** EVs treatment promotes cell survival and attenuates PM_(2.5)-induced cell apoptosis via AKT *** serum-derived EVs may be an efficacious novel therapeutic strategy in PM_(2.5)-induced lung injury.

关键词： Cell apoptosis PM_(2.5) Extracellular vesicles Therapy AKT

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Rapid, Non-Destructive, Textile Classification Using SIMCA on Diffuse Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectra

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Journal of Modern Physics 2015年第6期6卷 711-718页

作者： Christopher B. Davis kenneth W. Busch Dennis h. Rabbe Marianna A. Busch Judith R. Lusk Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Baylor University Waco USA Department of Family and Consumer Sciences Baylor University Waco USA

Soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) was successful in classifying a large library of 758 commercially available, non-blended samples of acetate, cotton, polyester, rayon, silk and wool 89% - 98% of the time at the 95% confidence level (p = 0.05 significance level). In the present study, cotton and silk had a 62% and 24% chance, respectively, of being classified with their own group and also with rayon. SIMCA correctly identified a counterfeit “silk” sample as polyester. When coupled with diffuse NIR reflectance spectroscopy and a large sample library, SIMCA shows considerable promise as a quick, non-destructive, multivariate method for fiber identification. A major advantage is simplicity. No sample pretreatment of any kind was required, and no adjust-ments were made for fiber origin, manufacturing process residues, topical finishes, weave pattern, or dye content. Increasing the sample library should make the models more robust and improve identification rates over those reported in this paper.

关键词： Diffuse Near-Infrared (NIR) Reflectance Spectroscopy Chemometrics Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (SIMCA) Pattern Recognition Textile Identification Multivariate Analysis

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