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Current understanding of the role of tyrosine kinase 2 signaling in immune responses

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Ryuta Muromoto kenji Oritani Tadashi Matsuda Department of Immunology Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesHokkaido UniversitySapporo 060-0812Japan Department of Hematology International University of Health and WelfareNarita 286-8686Japan

Immune system is a complex network that clears pathogens,toxic substrates,and cancer *** self-antigens from non-self-antigens is critical for the immune cell-mediated response against foreign *** innate immune system elicits an early-phase response to various stimuli,whereas the adaptive immune response is tailored to previously encountered *** immune responses,B cells differentiate into antibody-secreting cells,while naïve T cells differentiate into functionally specific effector cells[T helper 1(Th1),Th2,Th17,and regulatory T cells].However,enhanced or prolonged immune responses can result in autoimmune disorders,which are characterized by lymphocytemediated immune responses against *** transduction of cytokines,which regulate the inflammatory cascades,is dependent on the members of the Janus family of protein *** kinase 2(Tyk2)is associated with receptor subunits of immune-related cytokines,such as type I interferon,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-10,IL-12,and *** studies on the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms of Tyk2 inhibitors in autoimmune or chronic inflammatory diseases are currently *** review summarizes the findings of studies examining the role of Tyk2 in immune and/or inflammatory responses using Tyk2-deficient cells and mice.

关键词： Tyrosine kinase 2 Cytokines Signal transduction Immune system Inflammation

Cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury–bone marrow stromal cells and choroid plexus epithelial cells

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1385-1388页

作者： Chizuka Ide Norihiko Nakano kenji Kanekiyo Central Research Laboratory Aino University School of Health Science

Transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） enhanced the outgrowth of regenerating axons and promoted locomotor improvements of rats with spinal cord injury （SCI）. BMSCs did not survive long-term, disappearing from the spinal cord within 2-3 weeks after transplantation. Astrocyte-devoid areas, in which no astrocytes or oligodendrocytes were found, formed at the epicenter of the lesion. It was remarkable that numerous regenerating axons extended through such astrocyte-devoid areas. Regenerating axons were associated with Schwann cells embedded in extracellular matrices. Transplantation of choroid plexus epithelial cells （CPECs） also enhanced axonal regeneration and locomotor improvements in rats with SCI. Although CPECs disappeared from the spinal cord shortly after transplantation, an extensive outgrowth of regenerating axons occurred through astrocyte-devoid areas, as in the case of BMSC transplantation. These findings suggest that BMSCs and CPECs secret neurotrophic factors that promote tissue repair of the spinal cord, including axonal regeneration and reduced cavity formation. This means that transplantation of BMSCs and CPECs promotes ＂intrinsic＂ ability of the spinal cord to regenerate. The treatment to stimu- late the intrinsic regeneration ability of the spinal cord is the safest method of clinical application for SCI. It should be emphasized that the generally anticipated long-term survival, proliferation and differentiation of transplanted cells are not necessarily desirable from the clinical point of view of safety.

关键词： bone marrow stromal cell choroid plexus epithelial cell spinal cord injury axonal regeneration locomotor improvement intrinsic regeneration ability

Impulse Turbine with 3D Guide Vanes for Wave Energy Conversion

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Journal of Thermal Science 2006年第1期15卷 27-30页

作者： Manabu TAKAO Toshiaki SETOGUCHI kenji KANEKO Shuichi NAGATA Department of Mechanical Engineering Matsue National College of Technology 14-4 Nishiikuma-cho Matsue-shi Shimane 690-8518 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Saga University 1 Honjo-machi Saga-shi Saga 840-8502 Japan Institute of Ocean Energy Saga University 1 Honjo-machi Saga-shi Saga 840-8502 Japan

在这研究，为波浪精力变换与固定指南翼推进一台推动汽轮机的表演的改进以便完成，表演上的指南翼形状的效果被实验调查。调查被模型在稳定的流动状况下面测试执行。作为结果，因为转矩的增加，有 3D 指南翼的汽轮机的效率比有 2D 指南... 详细信息

在这研究，为波浪精力变换与固定指南翼推进一台推动汽轮机的表演的改进以便完成，表演上的指南翼形状的效果被实验调查。调查被模型在稳定的流动状况下面测试执行。作为结果，因为转矩的增加，有 3D 指南翼的汽轮机的效率比有 2D 指南翼的汽轮机的稍微优异，这被发现指南翼，尽管越过为 3D 案例的汽轮机的压力落下为 2D 案例比那稍微高。关键词液体机械 - 推动汽轮机 - 指南翼 - 波浪精力变换 CLC 数字

关键词：流体机械冲量涡轮风向导向标波能量转化率水轮机

Heavy metal removal from aqueous solution using carbonaceous K_2S-impregnated adsorbent

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第12期21卷 1730-1734页

作者： Takaaki Wajima kenji Murakami Takahiro Kato Katsuyasu Sugawara Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science Akita University

A novel carbonaceous adsorbent for heavy metal removal was prepared from raw coal by one-step simple sulfur impregnation using K2S. Raw coal was mixed with K2S powder and then heated at 800℃ for 30 min in nitrogen to produce K2S char. The sulfur content and form in K2S char were determined, and the ability of K2S char to adsorb Zn^2＋, Cd^2＋ and Pb^2＋ was examined. The K2S impregnation was effective at impregnating sulfur into coal, especially in the form of elemental, thiophenic and sulfatic sulfur. The sulfur content of K2S char was higher than those of raw coal and pyrolysis char. The Zn^2＋ removal in 2.4 mmol/L of Zn^2＋ solution by K2S char was higher than raw coal with the removal rate of 100%. K2S char adsorbed Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ in 24 mmol/L of Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ solution with the removal rate of 97% and 35%, respectively. The elution extents of adsorbed Pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ were zero in distilled water and 27% in 0.1 mol/L HCl solution. These results indicated that an effective adsorbent for heavy metal ions was prepared from coal using K2S sulfur impregnation, and that the adsorbed metals were strongly retained in K2S char.

关键词： sulfur impregnation carbonaceous adsorbent K2S heavy metal adsorption

Selective synthesis of carbon monoxide via formates in reverse water–gas shift reaction over alumina-supported gold catalyst

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2016年第2期25卷 304-308页

作者： Nobuhiro Ishito kenji Hara Kiyotaka Nakajima Atsushi Fukuoka Institute for Catalysis Hokkaido University Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology

Thermal decomposition of formic acid on SiO2, CeO2 and γ-Al2O3 was studied as an elementary step of reverse water–gas shit reaction（RWGS） over supported Au catalysts. γ-Al2O3 showed the highest CO selectivity among the tested oxides in the decomposition of formic acid. Infrared spectroscopy showed the formation of four formate species on γ-Al2O3： three η~1-type and one μ~2-type species, and these formates decomposed to CO at 473 K or higher. Au-loaded γ-Al2O3 samples were prepared by a depositionprecipitation method and used as catalysts for RWGS. The supported Au catalyst gave CO with high selectivity over 99% from CO2 and H2, which is attributed to the formation of formates on Au and subsequent decomposition to CO on γ-Al2O3.

关键词： Reverse water–gas shift reaction Carbon dioxide Hydrogen Formate Carbon monoxide Alumina Gold

Strength evaluation of ultra-high strength steels and spot weld of automotive bodies

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China Welding 2014年第1期23卷 33-39页

作者： kenji Takada Kentaro Sato Ninshu Ma Ninshu Ma JSOL corporation Japan.

Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion was applied to predict the fracture of high strength steels. A Marciniak-type biaxial stretching test of the four classes of high strength steels was carried out to measure the material damage limit of Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion. Furthermore, in order to improve the simulation accuracy, the local anisotropic parameters depending on the plastic strain （strain dependent model of anisotropy ） were measured by digital image correlation method and incorporated into Hill＇ s anisotropic yield condition by authors. To confirm the validity of Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion, the uniaxial tensile tests based on JIS No. 5 tensile specimen were performed. The force-displacement history and fracture happening strokes were predicted with high accuracy. Then, Cockcrofi-Latham fracture criterion was applied to predict the failure of four types of spot welded joints. To simulate the local bending and warping deformations around the heataffected zone, the discrete Kirchhoff triangle element was adapted. FEM results for four classes of high strength steels and four types of spot welded joints had a good correlation with experimental ones.

关键词： strength simulation ultra high strength steels spot weld fracture criterion

Modules for in vitro metabolic engineering:Pathway assembly for biobased production of value-added chemicals

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2017年第2期2卷 65-74页

作者： Hironori Taniguchi kenji Okano Kohsuke Honda Synthetic Bioengineering Lab Department of BiotechnologyGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University2-1 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka565-0871Japan

Bio-based chemical production has drawn attention regarding the realization of a sustainable *** vitro metabolic engineering is one of the methods used for the bio-based production of value-added *** method involves the reconstitution of natural or artificial metabolic pathways by assembling purified/semi-purified enzymes in *** from distinct sources can be combined to construct desired reaction cascades with fewer biological constraints in one vessel,enabling easier pathway design with high *** modules have been designed,built,tested,and improved by different groups for different *** this review,we focus on these in vitro metabolic engineering modules,especially focusing on the carbon metabolism,and present an overview of input modules,output modules,and other modules related to cofactor management.

关键词： In vitro metabolic engineering Module Glycolysis Pentose phosphate pathway Cofactor management

Experiment and simulation of turbulent flow in local scour around a spur dyke

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第1期24卷 33-45页

作者： Hajime NAKAGAWA kenji KAWAIKE Yasuyuki BABA Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University

The turbulent flow in the local scour hole around a single non-submerged spur dyke is investigated with both experimental and numerical methods. The experiments are conducted under clear-water scour regime with an impermeable spur dyke. The scour geometry and flow velocities are measured in details with a high-resolution laser displacement meter,electro-magnetic velocimetries and PIV(Particle image velocimetry). A 3D non-linear k-ε model is developed to simulate the complex local flow field around the scour area. The numerical model is formulated using FVM(Finite volume method) on a collocated unstructured mesh,capable of resolving complex geometries and boundaries. It is found that the simulation results are reasonably consistent with those of the experimental measurements. Based on the study results,the nature of the flow structure around a spur dyke with local scour hole is analyzed.

关键词： Spur dyke Local scour 3D flow Non-linear k-ε model Unstructured mesh

Role of Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Receptor Type 1 in Lymphocyte Egress from Secondary Lymphoid Tissues and Thymus

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2006年第1期3卷 11-19页

作者： kenji Chiba Hirofumi Matsuyuki Yasuhiro Maeda Kunio Sugahara Research Laboratory Ⅲ (Immunology) Pharmaceutical Research UnitResearch and Development DivisionMitsubishi Pharma CorporationYokohamaJapan

Circulation of mature lymphocytes between blood and secondary lymphoid tissues plays a central role in the immune system. Homing of lymphocytes from blood into secondary lymphoid tissues beyond high endothelial venules is highly dependent on the interaction between the chemokines CCL19, CCL21, CXCL12, and CXCL13, and their receptors CCR7, CXCR4 and CXCR5. However, the molecular mechanism（s） of lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues to lymph remained unclear. We have found a new class of immunomodulator, FTY720 by chemical modification of vegetative wasp-derived natural product, ISP-I （myriocin）. FTY720 has been shown to be highly effective in experimental allograft and autoimmune disease models. A striking feature of FTY720 is the induction of a marked decrease in peripheral blood lymphocytes at doses that show immunomodulating activity in these models. The reduction of circulating lymphocytes by FTY720 is caused by sequestration of lymphocytes into secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus. FTY720 is rapidly converted to （S）-enantiomer of FTY720-phosphate [（S）-FTY720-P] by sphingosine kinase 2 in vivo. （S）-FTY720-P acting as a potent agonist of S1P receptor type 1 （S1P1）, induces long-term down-regulation of S1P1 on lymphocytes, and thereby inhibits the migration of lymphocytes toward S1P. Thus, it is presumed that FTY720-induced lymphocyte sequestration is due to the inhibition of S1P/S1P1-dependent lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus by its active metabolite （S）-FTY720-P. Throughout the analysis of the mechanism of action of FTY720, it is clarified that S1P/S1P1 interaction plays an important role for lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid tissues and thymus.

关键词： FTY720 SIP S1P1 immunomodulation lymphocyte egress