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Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease:Overview with emphasis on histology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第42期16卷 5280-5285页

作者： Yoshihisa takahashi Toshio Fukusato Department of Pathology Teikyo University School of Medicine2-11-1 KagaItabashi-kuTokyo 173-8605Japan

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is a disease in which excessive fat accumulates in the liver of a patient without a history of alcohol *** disease includes simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).NAFLD/NASH is recognized as a hepatic manifestation of metabolic *** recent years,pediatric NAFLD has increased in line with the increased prevalence of pediatric *** estimated prevalence of pediatric NAFLD is 2.6%-9.6%,and it is associated with sex,age,and *** regard to the pathogenesis of NAFLD,the "two-hit" hypothesis is widely accepted and oxidative stress is thought to play an important role in the second *** clinical symptoms,laboratory data,and imaging findings are important,liver biopsy is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis of NAFLD/*** addition,liver biopsy is essential for assessing the degree of necro-inflammatory change and fibrosis in *** different types of steatohepatitis(type 1 and type 2 NASH) have been reported,with type 2 NASH being present in as many as 51% of pediatric NAFLD ***,we and others have observed that type 1 and 2 patterns commonly *** pharmacotherapy has been studied in clinical trials,lifestyle modification by diet and exercise remains the mainstay of treatment for NAFLD/NASH.

关键词： Children Histology Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Obesity

Discrete dislocation plasticity analysis of dispersion strengthening in oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS) steels

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第4期21卷 1249-1255页

作者： Akiyuki takahashi Shota Sato Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyTokyo University of Science

A discrete dislocation plasticity analysis of dispersion strengthening in oxide dispersion strengthened(ODS) steels was described. Parametric dislocation dynamics(PDD) simulation of the interaction between an edge dislocation and randomly distributed spherical dispersoids(Y2O3) in bcc iron was performed for measuring the influence of the dispersoid distribution on the critical resolved shear stress(CRSS). The dispersoid distribution was made using a method mimicking the Ostwald growth mechanism. Then, an edge dislocation was introduced, and was moved under a constant shear stress condition. The CRSS was extracted from the result of dislocation velocity under constant shear stress using the mobility(linear) relationship between the shear stress and the dislocation velocity. The results suggest that the dispersoid distribution gives a significant influence to the CRSS, and the influence of dislocation dipole, which forms just before finishing up the Orowan looping mechanism, is substantial in determining the CRSS, especially for the interaction with small dispersoids. Therefore, the well-known Orowan equation for determining the CRSS cannot give an accurate estimation, because the influence of the dislocation dipole in the process of the Orowan looping mechanism is not accounted for in the equation.

关键词： parametric dislocation dynamics oxide dispersion strengthened steel Orowan mechanism critical resolved shear stress dislocation dipole

On a New Geometric Constant Related to the Modulus of Smoothness of a Banach Space

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2014年第9期30卷 1526-1538页

作者： Yasuji takahashi Mikio KATO Department of System Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Department of Mathematics Faculty of EngineeringShinshu University

We shall introduce a new geometric constant A（X） of a Banach space X, which is closely related to the modulus of smoothness px （T）, and investigate it in relation with the constant As （X） by Baronti et al., the von Neumann-Jordan constant CNj（X） and the James constant J（X）. A sequence of recent results on these constants as well as some other geometric constants will be strengthened and improved.

关键词： Constant A(X) von Neumann-Jordan constant James constant modulus of smoothness modulus of convexity uniform non-squareness

Charge and Heat Transport in Polycrystalline Metallic Nanostructures

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第9期25卷 3360-3363页

作者：张兴 takahashi Koji FUJII Motoo Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Engineering Mechanics Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 Graduate School of Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan Research Center for Hydrogen Industrial Use and Storage AIST Fhkuoka 819-0395 Japan

Metals are typically good conductors in which the abilities to transport charge and to transport heat can be related through the Wiedemann-Franz law. Here we report on an abnormal charge and heat transport in polycrystalline metallic nanostructures in which the ability to transport charge is weakened more obviously than that to transport heat. We attribute it to the influence of the internal grain boundaries and have formulated a novel relation to predict the thermal conductivity. The Wiedemann-Franz law is then modified to account for the influence of the grain boundaries on the charge and heat transport with the predictions now agreeing well with the measured results.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

interleukin 28B genetic polymorphism and hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12026-12030页

作者： Toru takahashi Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Uonuma HospitalOjiyashiNiigata 947-0028Japan

Interleukin (IL) 28B genetic polymorphism is significantly associated with the sustained virological response rate in patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon-α (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin and with spontaneous hepatitis C virus clearance. However, a consensus on the relationship between IL28B genetic polymorphism and the favorable outcome of chronic hepatitis B virus infection defined by hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion, and/or hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients treated with interferon or PEG-IFN has not been reached. Several reports failed to show a positive association, while some studies demonstrated a positive association in certain subject settings. More prospective studies including large cohorts are needed to determine the possible association between IL28B genetic polymorphism and the outcome of interferon or PEG-IFN treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

关键词： interleukin 28B Polymorphism Hepatitis B virus interferon Pegylated interferon

Flow Electrification of Insulated Liquid in Metal Pipes

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第6期25卷 1115-1120页

作者： ZHU Shouxin LIU Lin takahashi Satoshi School of Information and Engineering Huzhou Teachers College Huzhou 313000 China Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan

When relative motion occurs between a liquid and a solid, the two phases carry electric charge with opposite signs. The created charge easily accumulates in the liquid, and the amount of the charge carried in an insulated liquid refers to many factors, such as contact area with the solid surface, the contact time, and so forth. However, current theories agree that the amount of charge created during flow electrification is proportional to the contact surface. In this paper, the classical wall current theory is applied to establish an interfacial electrical double-layer model of flow electrification phenomena when an insulated liquid passes over metal pipe surface. Meanwhile, in conjunction with charge relaxation function, the relation between the charge density and flow velocity, the contact time and the contact area is obtained during the liquid flowing process. The experimental result demonstrates that the flowing charge carried in the insulated liquid is not simply proportional to the contact area, but has a non-linear dependence on the contact area and the contact time. Moreover, down flow experimental equipment pipes of different length and diameter, and dielectric hydraulic oil VG46 are used in an experimental study of laminar flow, in order to understand electrification phenomena in dielectric liquid flowing over metal pipes of different length and aperture. If they both increase linearly, charge relaxation will increase exponentially. As a result, the test result verifies related theoretical analysis, and the method given provides a theoretical basis to analyze interracial electrical phenomena.

关键词： flow electrification metal pipes contact time relaxation

Urban climate in the Tokyo metropolitan area in Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期29卷 54-62页

作者： Jun Matsumoto Fumiaki Fujibe Hideo takahashi Research Center for Climatology Department of Geography Tokyo Metropolitan University Department of Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Land Processes Research JAMSTEC

Long-term climate changes related with urbanization in Tokyo, Japan, and recent temperature and heavy rainfall distribution in the Tokyo metropolitan area are reviewed. A relatively high temperature increase in annual mean temperature at the rate of 3.0°C/century was detected in Tokyo for the period 1901–2015. Some observational evidence showed the existence of both thermal and mechanical effects of urbanization on recent heavy rainfall occurrences, and modeling studies also support precipitation enhancement. Urban influences were recognized in other climatological elements, such as number of fog days, relative humidity, and wind circulation.

关键词： Heat island Cool island Heavy rainfall Fog Humidity Sea breeze

A sulfur–microporous carbon composite positive electrode for lithium/sulfur and silicon/sulfur rechargeble batteries

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2015年第6期25卷 612-621页

作者： Takuya takahashi Masaki Yamagata Masashi Ishikawa Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Faculty of ChemistryMaterials and BioengineeringKansai University

Sulfur is an advantageous material as a promising next-generation positive electrode material for high-energy lithium batteries due to a high theoretical capacity of 1672 m A h g 1although its discharge potential is somewhat modest:ca.2 V vs Li/***,a sulfur positive electrode has some crucial problems for practical use,which are mainly attributed to the dissolution of its intermediate products in charge–discharge *** order to resolve the dissolution problem of lithium polysulfide,we attempted to synthesize a sulfur–microporous activated carbon(AC) composite positive ***,we have systematically researched the battery performance of sulfur–microporous AC positive electrode with variations of electrolytes as well as negative electrodes,and found its promising positive electrode performance for a nextgeneration rechargeable battery.

关键词： Sulfur Micropore Ionic liquid Silicon Lithium-ion battery

一种新型桥梁结构——镂空蝴蝶形腹板桥梁的设计和施工

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中外公路 2017年第3期37卷 149-151页

作者：黄睿奕 Yuki KAMINAGA kenichiro ASHIZUKA Akira takahashi 长大桥梁建设施工技术交通行业重点实验室湖北武汉430042 中交第二航务工程局技术中心

该文介绍了日本的一座新型桥梁结构,镂空混凝土腹板桥梁,又叫蝴蝶形腹板梁桥。这种桥梁结构形式采用工厂化预制的蝴蝶形腹板。与传统混凝土箱形梁桥相比,这种新型结构梁桥的恒载自重减轻了大约10%,与此同时,预应力钢筋数量和下部结构尺... 详细信息

该文介绍了日本的一座新型桥梁结构,镂空混凝土腹板桥梁,又叫蝴蝶形腹板梁桥。这种桥梁结构形式采用工厂化预制的蝴蝶形腹板。与传统混凝土箱形梁桥相比,这种新型结构梁桥的恒载自重减轻了大约10%,与此同时,预应力钢筋数量和下部结构尺寸也随之减小,大大节约了工程造价。该桥型具有自重轻、可工厂化预制、施工工期短、养护费用低和环保等诸多优点,适用于中小跨径桥梁的设计和施工。

关键词：预制面板钢纤维混凝土设计施工进度