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Non-invasive diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14626-14641页

作者： sebastian Mueller Helmut Karl Seitz Vanessa Rausch Department of Internal Medicine Salem Medical Center University of Heidelberg 69121 Heidelberg Germany Center for Alcohol Research University of Heidelberg 69121 Heidelberg Germany

Alcoholic liver disease(ALD)is the most common liver disease in the Western *** many reasons,it isunderestimated and *** early diagnosis is absolutely essential since it(1)helps to identify patients at genetic risk for ALD;(2)can trigger efficient abstinence namely in non-addicted patients;and(3)initiate screening programs to prevent life-threateningcomplications such as bleeding from varices,spontaneous bacterial peritonitis or hepatocellular *** two major end points of ALD are alcoholic liver cirrhosis and the rare and clinically-defined alcoholic hepatitis(AH).The prediction and early diagnosis of both entities is still insufficiently solved and usually relies on acombination of laboratory,clinical and imaging *** is not widely conceived that conventional screeningtools for ALD such as ultrasound imaging or routine laboratory testing can easily overlook ca.40%of manifest alcoholic liver ***-invasive methods such as transient elastography(Fibroscan),acoustic radiation force impulse imaging or shear wave elastography have significantly improved the early diagnosis of *** algorithms allow either the exclusion or the exact definition of advanced fibrosis stages in ca.95%of *** correct interpretation of liver stiffness requires a timely abdominal ultrasound and actual transaminase *** non-invasive methods such as controlled attenuation parameter,serum levels of M30 or M65,susceptometry or breath tests are under current evaluation to assess the degree of steatosis,apoptosis and iron overload in these *** biopsy still remains an important option to rule out comorbidities and to confirm the prognosis namely for patients with AH.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic steatohepatitis Alcoholic liver disease Non-invasive Liver stiffness Serum marker Steatosis

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Comparison of EUV Photomask Metrology Between CD-AFM and TEM

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第2期5卷 91-100页

作者： Gaoliang Dai Kai Hahm Lipfert sebastian Markus Heidelmann Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt 38116BraunschweigGermany Advanced Mask Technology Center GmbH&Co.KG 01109DresdenGermany ICAN Universität Duisburg-Essen47057DuisburgGermany

Accurate metrology of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photomask is a crucial task. In this paper, two different methods for reference EUV photomask metrology are compared. One is the critical dimension atomic force microscopy (CD-AFM). In the measurements, the contribution of its AFM tip geometry is usually the dominant error source, as measured AFM images are the dilated results of measured structures by the AFM tip geometry. To solve this problem, a bottom-up approach has been applied in calibrating the (effective) AFM tip geometry where the result is traceably calibrated to the lattice constant of silicon crystals. The other is transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For achieving measurement traceability, structure features are measured in pairs in TEM images;thus the distance between the structure pair calibrated by a metrological AFM in prior can be applied to determine the magnification of the TEM image. In this study, selected photomask structures are calibrated by the CD-AFM, and then sample prepared and measured by high-resolution TEM nearly at the same location. The results are then compared. Of six feature groups compared, the results agree well within the measurement uncertainty, indicating excellent performance of the developed methodology. This research supports the development of a photomask standard, which is applied as a “reference ruler” with improved low measurement uncertainty in photomask fabs.

关键词： Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)photomask standard Traceable calibration Metrology Critical dimension(CD) Atomic force microscopy(AFM) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) High precision Low measurement uncertainty

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A comparison of approaches in fitting continuum SEDs

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第4期13卷 420-434页

作者： Yao Liu David Madlener sebastian Wolf Hong-Chi Wang Purple Mountain Observatory and Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institut fr Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Universitt zu Kiel

We present a detailed comparison of two approaches, the use of a precalculated database and simulated annealing （SA）, for fitting the continuum spectral energy distribution （SED） of astrophysical objects whose appearance is dominated by surrounding dust. While pre-calculated databases are commonly used to model SED data, only a few studies to date employed SA due to its unclear accuracy and convergence time for this specific problem. From a methodological point of view, different approaches lead to different fitting quality, demand on computational resources and calculation time. We compare the fitting quality and computational costs of these two approaches for the task of SED fitting to provide a guide to the practitioner to find a compromise between desired accuracy and available resources. To reduce uncertainties inherent to real datasets, we introduce a reference model resembling a typical circumstellar system with 10 free parameters. We derive the SED of the reference model with our code MC3 D at 78 logarithmically distributed wavelengths in the range [0.3 μm, 1.3 mini and use this setup to simulate SEDs for the database and SA. Our result directly demonstrates the applicability of SA in the field of SED modeling, since the algorithm regularly finds better solutions to the optimization problem than a precalculated database. As both methods have advantages and shortcomings, a hybrid approach is preferable. While the database provides an approximate fit and overall probability distributions for all parameters deduced using Bayesian analysis, SA can be used to improve upon the results returned by the model grid.

关键词： methods numerical - radiative transfer - protoplanetary disks

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智能引领发展卓越铸就未来

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现代制造 2024年第1期 44-44页

作者： sebastian Klingler 格劳博机床(中国)有限公司

在过去几年里,格劳博中国一直在以中国速度打造格劳博中国,使我们如今能从中国大连生产基地直接提供具备德国总部同等高质量、高水平的产品和解决方案。如今,格劳博中国正通过一系列举措,在传统机械加工和新兴电动汽车领域所开发出的领... 详细信息

在过去几年里,格劳博中国一直在以中国速度打造格劳博中国,使我们如今能从中国大连生产基地直接提供具备德国总部同等高质量、高水平的产品和解决方案。如今,格劳博中国正通过一系列举措,在传统机械加工和新兴电动汽车领域所开发出的领先技术工艺,保证了公司的发展未来。

关键词：电动汽车传统机械加工引领发展解决方案高质量

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Combination strategies for pharmacologic treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第35期28卷 5129-5140页

作者： Jaspreet Suri sebastian Borja Joseph K Lim Department of Gastroenterology Norwalk HospitalNorwalkCT 06856United States Department of Internal Medicine Norwalk HospitalNorwalkCT 06850United States Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is defined as hepatic steatosis, inflammation,and hepatocyte injury with or without fibrosis. It has emerged as thesecond leading indication for liver transplantation with a rising death rate in thenon-transplantable population. While there are many drugs in evaluation,currently no approved therapies are on the market for this condition. Given thisimportance, the Food and Drug Administration has provided formal guidanceregarding drug development for stopping or reversing NASH or NASH associatedfibrosis. The complex pathogenesis of NASH and its bidirectional relationshipwith metabolic syndrome has highlighted multiple drugs of interest thataddress metabolic, inflammatory, and fibrotic factors. A few promising liverspecific targets include farnesoid X receptor agonists and peroxisome proliferatoractivatedreceptor agonists. Previously studied drug classes such as glucagon-likepeptide-1 analogs or sodium/glucose transport protein 2 inhibitors have alsodemonstrated ability to improve hepatic steatosis. Here we discuss currentrationale, scientific work, and preliminary data in combining multiple drugs forthe purposes of a multimodal attack on the pathogenesis of NASH. We highlightmultiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies that demonstrate the potential to achieve aresponse rate higher than previously assessed monotherapies for this ***, one of these combination strategies may rise above in its safety andefficacy to become a part of a standardized approach to NASH.

关键词： Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Fatty liver Combination treatment Drug therapy Pharmacologic treatment Clinical trials

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Radiative transfer modeling of three T Tauri stars: selecting candidates for studying circumstellar disk evolution

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第7期13卷 841-848页

作者： Yao Liu Hong-Chi Wang sebastian Wolf David Madlener Purple Mountain Observatory&Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik Universitt zu Kiel

We present modeling work on three young stellar objects that are promis-ing targets for future high-resolution observations to investigate circumstellar disk evolution. The currently available data comprise the spectral energy distribution from optical to millimeter wavelengths which allow constraining the structure of the cir-cumstellar disk using self-consistent radiative transfer models. The results suggest that the assumption of well-mixed dust and gas leads to overestimation of flux in the far-infrared. Observational and theoretical arguments suggest that an overall decrease in far-infrared excess can be explained by dust settling towards the midplane. A new disk model is hence employed to take the effect of dust sedimentation into account. The extended model satisfactorily reproduces all existing observations. The three tar-gets studied here therefore deserve follow-up observations to reveal the evolutionary state of their protoplanetary disks.

关键词： circumstellar matter - planetary systems: protoplanetary disks - ra-diative transfer

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Phosphorylated Salicylic Acid as Flame Retardant in Epoxy Resins and Composites

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第7期10卷 1931-1950页

作者： Lara Greiner Philipp Kukla sebastian Eibl Manfred Döring Bundeswehr Research Institute for Materials Fuels and LubricantsErding85435Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF Darmstadt64289Germany Schill+Seilacher GmbH Böblingen71032Germany

A novel,versatile flame retardant substructure based on phosphorylated salicylic acid(SCP)is described and used in the synthesis of new flame retardants for HexFlowRTM6,a high-performance epoxy resin used in resin transfer molding processes as composite *** starting material salicylic acid can be obtained from natural *** as reactive phosphorus chloride is converted with a novolak,a novolak containing 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO)substituents or DOPO-hydroquinone to flame retardants with sufficient thermal stability and high char ***,these flame retardants are soluble in the resin as well as react into the epoxy *** determined thermal stability and glass transition temperatures of flame retarded neat resin samples as well as the interlaminar shear strength of corresponding carbon fiber reinforced composite materials showed the applicability of these flame *** resin samples and composites were tested for their flammability by UL94 and/or flame-retardant performance by cone *** tested flame retardants decrease the peak of heat release rate by up to 54%for neat resin samples.A combination of DOPO and SCP in one flame retardant shows synergistic effects in char formation and the mode of action adapts to neat resin or fiber-reinforced samples,so there is efficient flame retardancy in both ***,a tailoring of SCP based flame retardants is ***,these flame retardants efficiently reduce fiber degradation during combustion of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy resins as observed by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

关键词： Epoxy resin composite fiber protection bio-based flame retardant

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Resilience in Agriculture: Communication and Energy Infrastructure Dependencies of German Farmers

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第2期13卷 214-229页

作者： Franz Kuntke sebastian Linsner Enno Steinbrink Jonas Franken Christian Reuter Science and Technology for Peace and Security(PEASEC) Technical University of Darmstadt64289 Darmstadt.HesseGermany

Agriculture is subject to high demands regarding resilience as it is an essential component of the food production chain. In the agricultural sector, there is an increasing usage of digital tools that rely on communication and energy infrastructures. Should disruption occur,such strengthened dependencies on other infrastructures increase the probability of ripple effects. Thus, there is a need to analyze the resilience of the agricultural sector with a specific focus on the effects of digitalization. This study works out resilience capacities of the interconnected technologies used in farm systems based on the experiences and opinions of farmers. Information was gathered through focus group interviews with farmers(N = 52) and a survey with participants from the agricultural sector(N =118). In particular, the focus is put on the digital tools and other information and communication technologies they use. Based on a definition of resilience capacities, we evaluate resilience regarding energy and communication demands in various types of farm systems. Especially important are the resilience aspects of modern systems’ digital communication as well as the poorly developed and nonresilient network infrastructure in rural areas that contrast with the claim for a resilient agriculture. The result is a low robustness capacity, as our analysis concludes with the risk of food production losses.

关键词： Digitalization of agriculture Germany Infrastructure failures Resilience capacities

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Sputtering Deposition of Ultra-thin α-Fe_2O_3 Films for Solar Water Splitting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第6期31卷 655-659页

作者： Lichao Jia Karsten Harbauer Peter Bogdanoff Kluas Ellmer sebastian Fiechter Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin fr Materialien und Energie Institute for Solar FuelsHahn-Meitner-Platz 114109 BerlinGermany

Ultra-thin α-Fe2O3（hematite） films have been deposited by radio frequency（RF） sputtering technique and photoelectrochemically investigated towards their ability to oxidize *** varying the deposition power and time as well as the sputter gas flow（argon）,the microstructure and morphology of the film were *** was found that the increment in the film thickness resulted in the loss of efficiency for solar water *** film with a thickness of 27 nm exhibited the best result with a maximum photocurrent of 0.25 mA cm-2at 1.23 *** of small amounts of O2to the sputter gas improved the photoactivity significantly.

关键词： Thin film Aematite Sputtering deposition Photoelec

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Classification and Analysis of Tube Hydroforming Processes with Respect to Adaptive FEM Simulations

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 139-140页

作者： sebastian MOTSCH Matteo STRANO MTU Berli n-Brandenburg Aero Engines GmbH Entwicklung Rotormechanik MLE Adolf-Rohrbach-Str.10 D 14974 Ludwigsfelde GermanyUniversita' di Cassino Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale via di Biasio 4303043 Cassino (FR) ITALY)

Tube hydroforming process is a relative new process f or production of structural parts of low weight and high rigidity. The successfu lness of the process depends largely on the a proper selection of loading path w hich is axial feeding distance as related to the applied internal pressure. Due to the complicated nature of plastic deformation, a optimum loading path which w ill guarantee good hydroformed parts free of winkle and fracture has often to be determined by finite element analysis. In order to save trials and errors, adap tive FEM simulation method has been developed. To effectively apply the adaptive simulation method, we have to know the applicability of the method. In this pap er, a classification of tube hydroforming (THF) processes based on sensitivity to loading parameters has been suggested. Characteristics of the classification have been analyzed in terms of failure mode, dominant loading parameters and th eir working windows. It was discussed that the so called pressure dominant THF p rocess is the most difficult process for both simulation in FEM analysis and pra ctical operation in real manufacturing situation. To effectively find out the op timum loading path for pressure dominant THF process, adaptive FEM simulation st rategies are mostly needed.

关键词： tube hydroforming process classification loadin g path adaptive simulation

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