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Protecting Water Quality and Public Health Using a Smart Grid

Computational Water, Energy, and Environmental Engineering 2013年第2期2卷 73-80页

作者： ken thompson Raja Kadiyala Intelligent Water Solutions CH2M HILL Englewood Colorado USA Intelligent Water Solutions CH2M HILL Oakland California USA

After the attacks on September 11, 2001 and the follow-up risk assessments by utilities across the United States, securing the water distribution system against malevolent attack became a strategic goal for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Following 3 years of development work on a Contamination Warning System (CWS) at the Greater Cincinnati Water Works, four major cities across the United States were selected to enhance the CWS development conducted by the USEPA. One of the major efforts undertaken was to develop a process to seamlessly process “Big Data” sets in real time from different sources (online water quality monitoring, consumer complaints, enhanced security, public health surveillance, and sampling and analysis) and graphically display actionable information for operators to evaluate and respond to appropriately. The most significant finding that arose from the development and implementation of the “dashboard” were the dual benefits observed by all four utilities: the ability to enhance their operations and improve the regulatory compliance of their water distribution systems. Challenge: While most of the utilities had systems in place for SCADA, Work Order Management, Laboratory Management, 311 Call Center Management, Hydraulic Models, Public Health Monitoring, and GIS, these systems were not integrated, resulting in duplicate data entry, which made it difficult to trace back to a “single source of truth.” Each one of these data sources can produce a wealth of raw data. For most utilities, very little of this data is being translated into actionable information as utilities cannot overwhelm their staffs with manually processing the mountains of data generated. Instead, utilities prefer to provide their staffs with actionable information that is easily understood and provides the basis for rapid decision-making. Smart grid systems were developed so utilities can essentially find the actionable needle in the haystack of data. Utilities can then fo

关键词： Smart Grid On-line Water Quality Monitoring OWQM Event Detection System EDS TEVA-SPOT

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考察证据之我见

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计算机科学 1985年第6期 5-9页

作者： ken thompson 孙玉方

说一个程序不是一个特洛伊木马,人们对这句话相信到什么程度?或许更为重要的是相信写这个软件的人。引言我要感谢ACM给予我这样的奖励。我不禁觉得,接受这个荣誉不仅因为技术上的优点而且因为时机和运

关键词：编译程序编译器源程序软件程序员 UNIX 特洛伊木马可移植二进制码代码

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Laser-assisted direct roller imprinting of large-area microstructured optical surfaces

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 257-266页

作者： Keisuke Nagato ken Takahashi Yuki Yajima Masayuki Nakao Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-8656Japan

In this study,a high-throughput fabrication method called laser-assisted direct roller imprinting(LADRI)was developed to lower the cost of nanoimprinting large-area polymer films and to address problems associated with nanoimprinting,namely,microstructural damage and precision in flatness of entire *** LADRI,the laser directly heats the microstructured surface of the roller mold,which heats and melts the surface of a polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)film to replicate the microstructures on the mold *** this study,the effects of laser power density,scanning speed,size of the microstructures,and contact pressure on the replication speed were investigated *** replication speed increased as the power and scanning speed ***,because the film required heating until it filled the entire depth of the microstructure,an appropriate replication speed was *** result was supported by simulation of the temperature distribution inside the mold and the PMMA using transient heat conduction *** demonstrate the applications of LADRI,two different optical surfaces were replicated:an antireflection(AR)structure with conical structures sized several hundred nanometers and a lightextraction structure with a microlens array(MLA)comprising 10μm lenses,for display and illumination,*** replication degree of the MLA was governed by the contact *** flow simulation indicated that the heat conduction and flow speeds of the melted PMMA surface were comparable within several tens of *** addition,the reflectivity of the AR structure decreased from 4 to 0.5%,and the light intensity of the light-extraction structure increased by a factor of 1.47.

关键词： microstructure roller conduction

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The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 376-386页

作者： Issei Ogasawara ken Ohta Gajanan S.Revankar Shoji Konda Yohei Shimokochi Hideyuki Koga ken Nakata Department of Health and Sport Sciences Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversityToyonaka 560-0043Japan Sports Sensing Co. LTD.Fukuoka 815-0035Japan Department of Neurology Graduate School of MedicineOsaka UniversitySuita 565-0871Japan Department of Health and Sport Management Osaka University of Health and Sport SciencesSennan-gun 590-0496Japan Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo-ku 113-8519Japan

Background:Combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation(VL+IR)moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)in several in vitro cadaveric *** utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports,it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force(GRF)acting point(center of pressure(CoP))in the stance foot produces combined knee VL+IR moments in risky maneuvers,such as ***,the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the combined knee VL+IR moment in cutting are still ***:We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector’s directional probability for developing the combined knee VL+IR moment,and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis,the GRF vector is more likely to produce the combined knee VL+IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational ***,we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab-controlled in vivo *** females performed 60˚cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions(10 trials each).The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured,and the knee moment due to GRF vector was *** trials were divided into anterior-and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike,and the occurrence rate of the combined knee VL+IR moment was compared between trial ***:The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the combined knee VL+IR moment(maximum of 82.8%)at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials,as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical ***:The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the com

关键词： Center of pressure Deterministic condition Foot strike pattern Injury mechanism Moment of ground reaction force

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Spectral Selectivity of CdTe Cells with Substrate Configuration for Photovoltaic/Thermal Applications

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第4期33卷 1542-1553页

作者： CHEN ken HU Kongfu ZHAO Bin CHEN Tao HAO Yong PEI Gang Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230027China Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Conversion of Anhui Province Hefei230027China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Existing photovoltaic cells with high infrared emissivity generate huge radiative heat loss in photovoltaic/thermal applications and degrade the photothermal *** purpose of this work is to evaluate the full spectral absorptivity of CdTe cells to find a spectrally selective photovoltaic cell for photovoltaic/thermal *** this end,the solar absorptivity and mid-infrared thermal emissivity of CdTe cells were tested by ellipsometry,UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer,and Fourier transform infrared *** experimental results show that the AM 1.5 solar spectrum weighted absorptivity of the substrate configuration CdTe cell reaches 0.91,and the mid-infrared emissivity is only 0.29,while the superstrate configuration cell emissivity is as high as *** research shows that substrate configuration with a transparent conductive layer on top can be flexibly grown on metal foils and has spectral selectivity with high solar absorptivity and low mid-infrared emissivity should be considered in the future for photovoltaic/thermal applications.

关键词： photovoltaic/thermal spectral selectivity substrate configuration CdTe cell ITO

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Regulation of PM_(2.5)on mitochondrial damage in H9c2 cells through miR-421/SIRT3 pathway and protective effect of miR-421 inhibitor and resveratrol

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 288-300页

作者： Shanshan Chen Wenqi Chen Zhiping Li Jianwei Yue ken Kin Lam Yung Ruijin Li Institute of Environmental Science Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Institute of Judicial Identification Techniques for Environmental Damage Shanxi University and Shanxi Unisdom Testing Technology Co.Ltd.Taiyuan 030006China Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityHong KongChina Shanxi Yellow River Laboratory Taiyuan 030006China

Fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD)morbidity and *** are sensitive targets of PM_(2.5),and mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the occurrence of *** epigenetic mechanism of PM_(2.5)-triggered mitochondrial injury of cardiomyocytes is *** study focused on the mi R-421/SIRT3 signaling pathway to investigate the regulatory mechanism in cardiac mitochondrial dynamics imbalance in rat H9c2 cells induced by PM_(2.5).Results illustrated that PM_(2.5)impaired mitochondrial function and caused dynamics homeostasis ***,PM_(2.5)up-regulated mi R-421 and down-regulated SIRT3 gene expression,along with decreasing p-FOXO3a(SIRT3 downstream target gene)and p-Parkin expression and triggering abnormal expression of fusion gene OPA1 and fission gene ***,mi R-421 inhibitor(mi R-421i)and resveratrol significantly elevated the SIRT3 levels in H9c2 cells after PM_(2.5)exposure and mediated the expression of SOD2,OPA1 and Drp1,restoring the mitochondrial morphology and *** suggests that mi R-421/SIRT3 pathway plays an epigenetic regulatory role in mitochondrial damage induced by PM_(2.5)and that mi R-421i and resveratrol exert protective effects against PM_(2.5)-incurred cardiotoxicity.

关键词： Fine particulate matter Rat H9c2 cells Mitochondrial damage MiR-421 SIRT3 Resveratrol

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New aspects of a small GTPase RAB35 in brain development and function

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1971-1980页

作者： Ikuko Maejima ken Sato Laboratory of Molecular Traffic Institute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan

In eukaryotic cells,organelles in the secretory,lysosomal,and endocytic pathways actively exchange biological materials with each other through intracellular membrane trafficking,which is the process of transporting the cargo of proteins,lipids,and other molecules to appropriate compartments via transport vesicles or *** processes are strictly regulated by various small GTPases such as the RAS-like in rat brain(RAB)protein family,which is the largest subfamily of the RAS *** of membrane trafficking affects tissue homeostasis and leads to a wide range of diseases,including neurological disorders and neurodegenerative ***,it is important to understand the physiological and pathological roles of RAB proteins in brain ***35,a member of the RAB family,is an evolutionarily conserved protein in metazoans.A wide range of studies using cultured mammalian cells and model organisms have revealed that RAB35 mediates various processes such as cytokinesis,endocytic recycling,actin bundling,and cell ***35 is also involved in neurite outgrowth and turnover of synaptic *** generated brain-specific Rab35 knockout mice to study the physiological roles of RAB35 in brain development and *** mice exhibited defects in anxiety-related behaviors and spatial ***,RAB35 is required for the precise positioning of pyramidal neurons during hippocampal development,and thereby for normal hippocampal *** contrast,layer formation in the cerebral cortex occurred superficially,even in the absence of RAB35,suggesting a predominant role for RAB35 in hippocampal development rather than in cerebral cortex *** studies have suggested an association between RAB35 and neurodegenerative diseases,including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's *** this review,we provide an overview of the current understanding of subcellular functions of *** also provide insights into the phys

关键词： endocytosis endosomes hippocampal development neurodegenerative diseases RAB35

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Exploring the novel role of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in phagocytosis:beyond myelinogenesis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 473-474页

作者： Gen Hamanaka ken Arai Neuroprotection Research Laboratories Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA

Roles of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the central nervous system:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)have long been recognized for their critical role as precursors to oligodendrocytes,the primary myelin-producing *** precursors,OPCs mature and differentiate into oligodendrocytes,which contribute significantly to the formation of myelin sheaths around *** myelination,which is critical for the conduction of salutatory nerve impulses in the cerebral white matter,underscores the classical role of oligodendrocytes in central nervous system(CNS)***,because oligodendrocytes are differentiated cells that cannot proliferate.

关键词： critical system conduction

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Symmetric silicon microring resonator optical crossbar array for accelerated inference and training in deep learning

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Photonics Research 2024年第08期12卷 1681-1688页

作者： RUI TANG SHUHEI OHNO ken TANIZAWA KAZUHIRO IKEDA MAKOTO OKANO KASIDIT TOPRASERTPONG SHINICHI TAKAGI MITSURU TAkenAKA Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The University of Tokyo Quantum ICT Research Institute Tamagawa University National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Photonic integrated circuits are emerging as a promising platform for accelerating matrix multiplications in deep learning, leveraging the inherent parallel nature of light. Although various schemes have been proposed and demonstrated to realize such photonic matrix accelerators, the in situ training of artificial neural networks using photonic accelerators remains challenging due to the difficulty of direct on-chip backpropagation on a photonic chip. In this work, we propose a silicon microring resonator(MRR) optical crossbar array with a symmetric structure that allows for simple on-chip backpropagation, potentially enabling the acceleration of both the inference and training phases of deep learning. We demonstrate a 4 × 4 circuit on a Si-on-insulator platform and use it to perform inference tasks of a simple neural network for classifying iris flowers, achieving a classification accuracy of 93.3%. Subsequently, we train the neural network using simulated on-chip backpropagation and achieve an accuracy of 91.1% in the same inference task after training. Furthermore, we simulate a convolutional neural network for handwritten digit recognition, using a 9 × 9 MRR crossbar array to perform the convolution operations. This work contributes to the realization of compact and energy-efficient photonic accelerators for deep learning.

关键词： Deep learning Neural networks Optical signals Photonic integrated circuits Silicon Stochastic gradient descent

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Numerical study of submerged bending vegetation under unidirectional flow

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Water Science and Engineering 2024年第1期17卷 92-100页

作者： Pei-pei Zhang Yi-qing Gong ken Vui Chua Jie Dai Jing-qiao Mao College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Institute of Water Science and Technology Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Engineering Cardiff UniversityCardiff CF243AAUK

Submerged vegetation commonly grows and plays a vital role in aquatic ecosystems,but it is also regarded as a barrier to the passing *** simulations of flow through and over submerged vegetation were carried out to investigate the effect of vegetation density on flow *** simulations were computationally set up to replicate flume experiments,in which vegetation was mimicked with flexible plastic *** fluid-structure interaction between flow and flexible vegetation was solved by coupling the two modules of the COMSOL *** cases with different vegetation densities were simulated,and the results were successfully validated against the experimental *** contours of the simulated time-averaged streamwise velocity and Reynolds stress were extracted to highlight the differences in mean and turbulent flow *** turbulence intensity was found to be more sensitive to vegetation density than the time-averaged *** developing length increased with the spacing between *** snapshots of the bending vegetation under instantaneous velocity and vorticity revealed that flexible vegetation responded to the effects of eddies in the shear layer by swaying *** first two rows of vegetation suffered stronger approaching flow and were prone to more streamlined *** addition,the origin of tip vortices was investigated via the distribution of *** results reveal the variation of flow properties with bending submerged vegetation and provide useful reference for optimizationofrestorationprojects.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics Fluid-structure interaction Turbulence Flexible and submerged vegetation

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