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Immunological milieu in the peritoneal cavity at laparotomy for gastric cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第13期18卷 1470-1478页

作者： Akira Yoneda Shinichiro Ito Seiya Susumu Mitsutoshi Matsuo ken taniguchi Yoshitsugu Tajima Susumu Eguchi Takashi Kanematsu Yasuhiro Nagata Department of Surgery Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 852-8051Japan Department of Surgery Yamaguchi Prefectural Medical CenterYamaguchi 747-8511Japan Department of Surgery National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical CenterNagasaki 856-8562Japan

AIM:To investigate the immunological repertoire in the peritoneal cavity of gastric cancer patients.METHODS:The peritoneal cavity is a compartment in which immunological host-tumor interactions can occur.However,the role of lymphocytes in the peritoneal cavity of gastric cancer patients is unclear.We observed 64 patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer and 11 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones and acted as controls.Lymphocytes isolated from both peripheral blood and peritoneal lavage were analyzed for surface markers of lymphocytes and their cytokine production by flow cytometry.CD4+CD25high T cells isolated from the patient's peripheral blood were co-cultivated for 4 d with the intra-peritoneal lymphocytes,and a cytokine assay was performed.RESULTS:At gastrectomy,CCR7 -CD45RA-CD8+ef-fector memory T cells were observed in the peritoneal cavity.The frequency of CD4+CD25 high T cells in both the peripheral blood and peritoneal cavity was elevated in patients at advanced stage[control vs stage Ⅳin the peripheral blood:6.89(3.39-10.4)vs 15.34(11.37-19.31),P<0.05,control vs stageⅣin the peritoneal cavity:8.65(5.28-12.0)vs 19.56(14.81-24.32),P<0.05].On the other hand,the suppression was restored with CD4+CD25high T cells from their own peripheral blood.This study is the first to analyze lymphocyte and cytokine production in the peritoneal cavity in patients with gastric cancer.Immune regulation at advanced stage is reversible at the point of gastrectomy.CONCLUSION:The immunological milieu in the peritoneal cavity of patients with advanced gastric cancer elicited a Th2 response even at gastrectomy,but this response was reversible.

关键词：免疫调节作用胃癌腹腔环境淋巴细胞探查剖腹细胞因子

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A novel animal model for in vivo study of liver cancer metastasis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第29期18卷 3875-3882页

作者： Shinsuke Fujiwara Hikaru Fujioka Chise Tateno ken taniguchi Masahiro Ito Hiroshi Ohishi Rie Utoh Hiromi Ishibashi Takashi Kanematsu Katsutoshi Yoshizato Clinical Research Center National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center and Division of HepatologyNagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 856-8652Japan Liver Research Laboratory PhoenixBio Co.LtdHiroshima 739-8511Japan Yoshizato Project CLUSTERHiroshima Prefectural Institute of Industrial Science and TechnologyHiroshima 739-8511Japan Division of Surgery Ⅱ Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical SciencesNagasaki 856-8652Japan Liver Research Center Osaka City UniversityGraduate School of MedicineOsaka 532-0025Japan

AIM:To establish an animal model with human hepatocyte-repopulated liver for the study of liver cancer metastasis.METHODS:Cell transplantation into mouse livers was conducted using alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)-producing hu-man gastric cancer cells(h-GCCs) and h-hepatocytes as donor cells in a transgenic mouse line expressing urokinase-type plasminogen activator(uPA) driven by the albumin enhancer/promoter crossed with a severe combined immunodeficient(SCID) mouse line(uPA/SCID mice).Host mice were divided into two groups(A and B).Group A mice were transplanted with h-GCCs alone,and group B mice were transplanted with h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes together.The replacement index(RI),which is the ratio of transplanted h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes that occupy the examined area of a histological section,was estimated by measuring h-AFP and h-albumin concentrations in sera,respectively,as well as by immunohistochemical analyses of h-AFP and human cytokeratin 18 in histological sections.RESULTS:The h-GCCs successfully engrafted,repopulated,and colonized the livers of mice in group A(RI = 22.0% ± 2.6%).These mice had moderately differentiated adenocarcinomatous lesions with disrupted glandular structures,which is a characteristics feature of gastric cancers.The serum h-AFP level reached 211.0 ± 142.2 g/mL(range,7.1-324.2 g/mL).In group B mice,the h-GCCs and h-hepatocytes independently engrafted,repopulated the host liver,and developed colonies(RI = 12.0% ± 6.8% and 66.0% ± 12.3%,respectively).h-GCC colonies also showed typical adenocarcinomatous glandular structures around the h-hepatocyte-colonies.These mice survived for the full 56 day-study and did not exhibit any metastasis of h-GCCs in the extrahepatic regions during the observational period.The mice with an h-hepatocyte-repopulated liver possessed metastasized h-GCCs and therefore could be a useful humanized liver animal model for studying liver cancer metastasis in vivo.CONCLUSION:A novel animal model of human liver cancer metastasis was established using the uPA/SCID mouse line

关键词：动物模型体内试验肝癌尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂转基因小鼠 SCID小鼠细胞移植胃癌细胞

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Effects of Freestream Turbulence on Bypass Transition of Separated Boundary Layer on Low-Pressure Turbine Airfoils

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第3期21卷 230-235页

作者： Hideo taniguchi Hiroshi Sakai ken-ichi Funazaki Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIwate University

This paper presents experimental studies on bypass transition of separated boundary layer on low-pressure turbine airfoils,focusing on the effects of freestream turbulence on the transition process.Hot-wire probe measurements are performed on the suction side of an airfoil in the low-pressure linear turbine cascade at several Reynolds number conditions.Freestream turbulence is enhanced by use of turbulence grid located upstream of the cascade.The results of this experimental study show that the location of boundary layer separation does not strongly de-pend on the freestream turbulence level.However,as the freestream turbulence level increases,the size of separa-tion bubble becomes small and the location of turbulent transition moves upstream.The size of separation bubble becomes small as the Reynolds number increases.At low freestream turbulence intensity,the velocity fluctuation due to Kelvin-Helmholtz instability is observed clearly in the shear layer of the separation bubble.At high frees-tream turbulence intensity,the streak structures appear upstream of the separation location,indicating bypass transition of attached boundary layer occurs at high Reynolds number.

关键词：边界层分离涡轮叶片湍流度低压小雷诺数分离实验湍流强度过渡过程

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Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Compressor Cascade Flows with Tip Clearance at a Low Reynolds Number Condition

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第6期20卷 481-485页

作者： Hiromasa Kato Hideo taniguchi Kazunari Matsuda ken-ichi Funazaki Dai Kato Guillaume Pallot Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringIwate University Aerodynamic Technology Group IHI Corporation

High flow rate aeroengines typically employ axial flow compressors,where aerodynamic loss is predominantly due to secondary flow features such as tip leakage and corner vortices.In very high altitude missions,turbomachinery operates at low density ambient atmosphere,and the recent trend toward more compact engine core inevitably leads to the reduction of blade size,which in turn increases the relative height of the blade tip clearance.Low Reynolds number flowfield as a result of these two factors amplifies the relative importance of secondary flow effects.This paper focuses on the behavior of tip leakage flow,investigating by use of both experimental and numerical approaches.In order to understand the complex secondary flow behavior,cascade tests are usually conducted using intrusive probes to determine the loss.However relatively few experimental studies are published on tip leakage flows which take into account the interaction between a rotating blade row and its casing wall.Hence a new linear cascade facility has been designed with a moving belt casing in order to reproduce more realistic flowfield as encountered by a rotating compressor row.Numerical simulations were also performed to aid in the understanding of the complex flow features.The experimental results indicate a significant difference in the flowfield when the moving belt casing is present.The numerical simulations reveal that the leakage vortex is pulled by the shearing motion of the endwall toward the pressure side of the adjacent blade.The results highlight the importance of casing wall relative motion in analyzing leakage flow effects.

关键词：叶尖间隙低雷诺数数值方法压气机叶栅实验航空发动机旋转压缩机泄漏流量

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Development of a digital zenith telescope for advanced astrometry

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第4期55卷 723-732页

作者： HANADA Hideo ARAKI Hiroshi TAZAWA Seiichi TSURUTA Seiitsu NODA Hirotomo ASARI Kazuyoshi SASAKI Sho FUNAZAKI ken'ichi SATOH Atsushi taniguchi Hideo KIKUCHI Mamoru TAKAHASHI Tomoe YAMAZAKI Atsumu PING JinSong KAWANO Nobuyuki PETROVA Natalia GOUDA Naoteru YANO Taihei YAMADA Yoshiyuki NIWA Yoshito KONO Yusuke IWATA Takahiro National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Iwate-ken 0230861Japan Department of Engineering Department Iwate UniversityIwate 0208550Japan National Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100012China Oshu Space&Astronomy Museum Iwate-ken 0230861Japan Department of Astronomy Kazan State UniversityKazan 420008Russia Section of Graduate School of Science Division of Physics and Astronomy Kyoto UniversityKyoto 6068501Japan Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Kanagawa 2525210Japan

Like other optical astrometric techniques,the Photographic Zenith Tube(PZT) has played a key role in the past observations of the Earth rotation,and it also has a potential to be applied to several other observations by taking advantage of automatic observations with self compensation of tilt of the tube.We here propose In-situ Lunar Orientation Measurement(ILOM) to study lunar rotational dynamics by direct observations of the lunar rotation from the lunar surface by using a small telescope like PZT with an accuracy of 1 milli-seconds of arc(1 mas) in the post-SELENE mission.Our second application is to obtain local gravity field on the Earth by combining deflection of the vertical measured by PZT and the position measured by Global Positioning System(GPS) or Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS).The accuracy required for this purpose is not as strict as ILOM.We have already developed a Bread Board Model(BBM) of the telescope for ILOM and made some experiments in order to know the performance of the driving mechanism under a similar condition to the lunar environment showing high vacuum,large temperature change and dusty condition.We have also shown that it is possible to correct the effects of uniform temperature change upon the optical system by using a simple model with an accuracy of better than 1 mas.This model has the potential to attain the accuracy of 1 mas,based on the results of the experiments and the simulations.

关键词：天体测量望远镜天顶全球导航卫星系统自动观测模型精度地球自转 SELENE

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