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Feasibility of gallbladder preservation during robotic left hepatectomy:A retrospective comparative study

Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2022年第3期5卷 100-105页

作者： Kit-Fai Lee Andrew KY.Fung Hon-Ting Lok Janet WC.Kung Eugene YJ.Lo Charing CN.Chong John Wong kelvin kc.ng Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryPrince of Wales HospitalThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Objective:Traditionally,gallbladder is routinely removed during left hepatectomy even if there is no gallbladder ***,adverse consequence after cholecystectomy,though rare,still occa-sionally *** study aims to evaluate the feasibility of gallbladder preservation during robotic left ***:All consecutive robotic left hepatectomy cases between December 2010 and January 2022 in Prince of Wales Hospital,the Chinese University of Hong Kong were retrieved from a prospectively collected *** gallbladder was preserved by moving the liver transection line just away from the gallbladder *** were divided into two groups:gallbladder preservation(GBP)and non-gallbladder preservation(ngBP).Operative results and long-term outcomes were compared between these two ***:There were 11 cases in the GBP group and 25 cases in the ngBP *** two groups were comparable in terms of the patient demographics and disease *** was no operative *** was no difference between the two groups in operative time(GBP 270 min *** 332 min,p=0.132),blood loss(GBP 50 mL *** 150 mL,p=0.115)or complication rate(GBP 27.3%*** 24.0%,p>0.999).There was also no difference in 5-year overall *** the GBP group,no patient developed specific symptoms or complications related to the preserved ***-up ultrasound or computed tomography revealed a normal appearance of the preserved gallbladders except in one patient who developed a 3-mm gallbladder *** the other hand,one(4%)patient in the ngBP group developed troublesome diarrhoea after ***:Gallbladder preservation is safe and feasible during robotic left *** preserved gallbladder does not lead to any symptoms,while postcholecystectomy diarrhoea can be avoided.

关键词： Robotic left hepatectomy Gallbladder preservation Cholecystectomy

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A novel non-invasive model to predict high-risk varices in cirrhotic patients

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第3期13卷 530-532页

作者： kelvin K.C.ng Department of Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Medical CentreHong KongChina

Acute variceal bleeding is one of the most common and potentially life-threatening complications in patients with liver *** is conventionally diagnosed by oesophagogastroduodenoscopy,which is invasive to patients and carries hospital *** would be more cost-effective if non-invasive tests could screen out high-risk patients who developed acute variceal bleeding requiring endoscopic *** can potentially reduce the need for invasive procedures for cirrhotic *** recent years,there have been advancements in non-invasive methods for assessing the risk of variceal *** include transient elastography(FibroScan)of the liver and spleen,platelet count,imaging modalities[ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)],and non-invasive liver function tests[Child-Pugh score or the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)score].The 2015 Baveno VI consensus is developed by an international panel of experts to improve the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension and its complications,specifically focusing on variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis(1).The consensus emphasizes using noninvasive methods to screen out high-risk varices(HRV)requiring therapeutic *** key features of the Baveno VI criteria include a liver stiffness measurement(LSM)150,000/*** can confidently rule out *** has been proven to avoid unnecessary endoscopy up to 40%with a specificity of up to 46%(2).In recent years,spleen stiffness measurement(SSM)has been a useful tool to assess portal hypertension and to predict ***,the revised Baveno VII consensus in 2022 recommends SSM≤40 kPa would avoid more unnecessary endoscopy in patients who fall outside Baveno VI criteria,with a missed HRV rate of<5%(3).

关键词： Non-invasive model high-risk varices cirrhosis

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Jetting-based bioprinting:process,dispense physics,and applications

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 771-799页

作者： Wei Long ng Viktor Shkolnikov Singapore Centre for 3D Printing(SC3DP) School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University(NTU)Singapore 639798Singapore HP Inc. Palo AltoCA 94304USA

Jetting-based bioprinting facilitates contactless drop-on-demand deposition of subnanoliter droplets at well-defined positions to control the spatial arrangement of cells,growth factors,drugs,and biomaterials in a highly automated layer-by-layer fabrication *** to its immense versatility,jetting-based bioprinting has been used for various applications,including tissue engineering and regenerative medicine,wound healing,and drug development.A lack of in-depth understanding exists in the processes that occur during jetting-based *** review paper will comprehensively discuss the physical considerations for bioinks and printing conditions used in jetting-based *** first present an overview of different jetting-based bioprinting techniques such as inkjet bioprinting,laser-induced forward transfer bioprinting,electrohydrodynamic jet bioprinting,acoustic bioprinting and microvalve ***,we provide an in-depth discussion of various considerations for bioink formulation relating to cell deposition,print chamber design,droplet formation and droplet ***,we highlight recent accomplishments in jetting-based *** present the advantages and challenges of each method,discuss considerations relating to cell viability and protein stability,and conclude by providing insights into future directions of jetting-based bioprinting.

关键词： 3D bioprinting Biofabrication Jetting-based Dispense physics Machine learning

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Dysfunction of synaptic endocytic trafficking in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2649-2660页

作者： Xin Yi ng Mian Cao Programme in Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore

Parkinson's disease is characterized by the selective degeneration of dopamine neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway and dopamine deficiency in the *** precise reasons behind the specific degeneration of these dopamine neurons remain largely *** investigations have identified over 20 causative PARK genes and 90 genomic risk loci associated with both familial and sporadic Parkinson's ***,several of these genes are linked to the synaptic vesicle recycling process,particularly the clathrinmediated endocytosis *** suggests that impaired synaptic vesicle recycling might represent an early feature of Parkinson's disease,followed by axonal degeneration and the eventual loss of dopamine cell bodies in the midbrain via a"dying back"***,several new animal and cellular models with Parkinson's disease-linked mutations affecting the endocytic pathway have been created and extensively *** models faithfully recapitulate certain Parkinson's disease-like features at the animal,circuit,and cellular levels,and exhibit defects in synaptic membrane trafficking,further supporting the findings from human genetics and clinical *** this review,we will first summarize the cellular and molecular findings from the models of two Parkinson's disease-linked clathrin uncoating proteins:auxilin(DNAJC6/PARK19)and synaptojanin 1(SYNJ1/PARK20).The mouse models carrying these two PARK gene mutations phenocopy each other with specific dopamine terminal pathology and display a potent synergistic ***,we will delve into the involvement of several clathrin-mediated endocytosis-related proteins(GAK,endophilin A1,SAC2/INPP5 F,synaptotagmin-11),identified as Parkinson's disease risk factors through genome-wide association studies,in Parkinson's disease *** will also explore the direct or indirect roles of some common Parkinson's disease-linked proteins(alpha-synuclein(PARK1/4),Parkin(PARK2),and LRRK2(PARK

关键词： autophagy auxilin/PARK19 clathrin-mediated endocytosis dopamine neurons neurodegeneration nigrostriatal pathway Parkinson's disease synaptic vesicle recycling synaptojanin1/PARK20

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Expert perspective on technological choice for cooking energy transition in Nepal

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Clean Energy 2024年第4期8卷 40-48页

作者： Dipesh kc Sunil Prasad Lohani Poushan Shrestha Chunyu Xue Renewable and Sustainable Energy Laboratory(RSEL) Department of Mechanical EngineeringKathmandu UniversityKathmanduNepal Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijingChina

Solid biomass dominates as the primary source of cooking energy,especially in rural households of *** use of solid biomass has a detrimental effect on health,exacerbates the burden of biomass collection,and hampers access to clean *** the factors influencing the choice of modern cooking fuels is crucial to improving energy security and resilience and easing the transition to clean *** study evaluates technological choices for the transition in cooking energy from the perspective of experts working in the government,non-government,and academia sectors.A structured questionnaire survey was prepared with five criteria and nine cooking technology ***-one experts responded to the survey,and their responses were analyzed using the analytical hierarchy *** study reveals that efficiency and capital cost are the primary criteria for selecting cooking tech*** most suitable clean cooking technology is an induction stove followed by a hot plate,while the least preferred technology is a Bayupankhi stove followed by two-pothole mud improved cooking *** ensure the robustness of the method,sensitivity analysis was performed on the two primary criteria efficiency and capital cost of the cooking *** analysis revealed robust and consistent rankings of *** study should help create a conducive environment for relevant stakeholders and policymakers to formulate and implement relevant policies and strategies to accelerate the cooking energy transition in Nepal.

关键词： cooking technologies cooking energy transition electric cooking residential sector analytical hierarchy process

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Stability and Generalization of Hypergraph Collaborative Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第1期21卷 184-196页

作者： Michael K.ng Hanrui Wu Andy Yip Institute of Data Science The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Mathematics The University of Hong KongHong KongChina College of Information Science and Technology Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Graph neural networks have been shown to be very effective in utilizing pairwise relationships across ***,there have been several successful proposals to generalize graph neural networks to hypergraph neural networks to exploit more com-plex *** particular,the hypergraph collaborative networks yield superior results compared to other hypergraph neural net-works for various semi-supervised learning *** collaborative network can provide high quality vertex embeddings and hyperedge embeddings together by formulating them as a joint optimization problem and by using their consistency in reconstructing the given *** this paper,we aim to establish the algorithmic stability of the core layer of the collaborative network and provide generaliz--ation *** analysis sheds light on the design of hypergraph filters in collaborative networks,for instance,how the data and hypergraph filters should be scaled to achieve uniform stability of the learning *** experimental results on real-world datasets are presented to illustrate the theory.

关键词： Hypergraphs vertices hyperedges collaborative networks graph convolutional neural networks(CNNs) stability generalization guarantees

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Perspectives in human brain plasticity sparked by glioma invasion:from intraoperative(re)mappings to neural reconfigurations

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 947-948页

作者： Sam ng Hugues Duffau Guillaume Herbet Department of Neurosurgery Gui de Chauliac HospitalMontpellier University Medical CenterMontpellierFrance Institute of Functional Genomics University of MontpellierCNRSINSERMMontpellierFrance Praxiling Laboratory UMR5267CNRSPaul Valéry-Montpellier 3 UniversityMontpellierFrance

Exploring the aptitude of the human brain to compensate functional consequences of a lesion damaging its structural architecture is a key challenge to improve patient care in various neurological diseases,to optimize neuroscientifically-informed strategies of postlesional rehabilitation,and ultimately to develop innovative neuro-regenerative *** term‘plasticity’,initially referring to the intrinsic propensity of neurons to modulate their synaptic transmission in a learning situation,was progressively transposed to brain injury research and clinical ***,in the event of brain damage,adaptive mechanisms of compensation allow a partial reshaping of the structure and activities of the central nervous system,thus permitting to some extent the maintenance of brain functions.

关键词： plasticity figuration consequences

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Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： Haowen Guo Charles Wang Wai ng Qi Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns Slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)

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Defined hydrogels for spinal cord organoids:challenges and potential applications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2329-2330页

作者： Wai Hon Chooi Yuewen Wu Shi-Yan ng Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology(IMCB) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore(NUS)SingaporeSingapore

Organoids of the central nervous system,primarily derived from pluripotent stem cells or neural stem cells,are three-dimensional tissue cultures with self-organizing *** exposed to the right combinations of signals,they differentiate into a 3D tissue consisting of complex cytoarchitecture and native cell types,including various neuron subtypes and glial *** features closely mimic native tissues,making them invaluable for developmental studies and disease *** recent years,spinal cord organoids(SCOs)have been developed to investigate spinal cord development,injuries,and various neurological *** an integral part of the central nervous system,SCOs play a vital role and serve as a site for studying both neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： properties injuries primarily

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Mg/MgO interfaces as efficient hydrogen evolution cathodes causing accelerated corrosion of additive manufactured Mg alloys:A DFT analysis

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 110-119页

作者： Man-Fai ng Kai Xiang Kuah Teck Leong Tan Daniel John Blackwood Department of Materials Science&Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117575Republic of Singapore Institute of High Performance Computing(IHPC) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A∗STAR)1 Fusionopolis Way#16-16 ConnexisSingapore 138632Republic of Singapore

The corrosion rates of additive-manufactured Mg alloys are higher than their as-cast counterparts,possibly due to increased kinetics for the hydrogen evolution reaction on secondary phases,which may include oxide *** kelvin Probe Force Microscopy demonstrated that MgO inclusions could act as cathodes for Mg corrosion,but their low conductivity likely precludes ***,the density of state calculations through density functional theory using hybrid HSE06 functional revealed overlapping electronic states at the Mg/MgO interface,which facilitates electron transfers and participates in redox *** determination of the hydrogen absorption energy at the Mg/MgO interface reveals it to be an excellent catalytic site,with HER being found to be a factor of 23x more efficient at the interface than on metallic *** results not only support the plausibility of the Mg/MgO interface being an effective cathode to the adjacent anodic Mg matrix during corrosion but also contribute to the understanding of the enhanced cathodic activities observed during the anodic dissolution of magnesium.

关键词： Magnesium Magnesium oxide Interface Hydrogen evolution DFT

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