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Orthokeratology lens related infections

World Journal of Ophthalmology 2014年第3期4卷 63-70页

作者： kelvin ho-nam wan Vishal Jhanji Alvin L Young Department of Ophthalmology Tuen Mun Hospital and Tuen Mun Eye Center Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales Hospital Alice ho Liu Ling Nethersole hospital

Orthokeratology is a reversible technique that temporarily changes the curvature of the cornea with the aim of addressing refractive errors. The United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA) granted approval for using reverse geometry contact lenses to correct myopia without any age restriction. Information from the pre-market applications to the FDA was rated as level Ⅱ evidence. Another unapproved use of overnight orthokeratology is for the prevention of myopic progression. Although orthokeratology is advocated to reduce myopic progression, there are limited long-term studies with substantial evidence of its benefits. Much of this evidence comes from non-robust experimental studies using historical or self-selected controls with relative high dropout rates. Although some positive results have been published in temporarily reducing the myopic refractive error and its progression, the use of these lenses can be associated with serious complications such as microbial keratitis. Microbial keratitis is a potentially vision-threatening adverse response associated with contact lens wear. In fact, contact lens wearhas been shown to be the predominant risk factor of microbial keratitis in some developed countries. Most of the published cases on overnight orthokeratology related microbial keratitis occurred in children or adolescents. Parents considering orthokeratology must make an informed decision about its temporary benefit and its potential for permanent loss of vision. The ophthalmic community should be reminded of the potential complications of orthokeratology.

关键词： Orthokeratology Infections Microbial keratitis Cornea Corneal ulcer Contact lens Myopia

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Corneal transplantation: Beyond the horizon

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World Journal of Ophthalmology 2015年第2期5卷 36-44页

作者： kelvin ho-nam wan Evan Po-Fat Yiu Alvin L Young Department of Ophthalmology Tuen Mun Eye Centre and Tuen Mun Hospital Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences the Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales Hospital and Alice Ho Liu Ling Nethersole Hospital

Evolving techniques in keratoplasty have undoubtedly led to thinner corneal grafts. These newer iterations of keratoplasty aim to reduce graft rejections, improve visual acuity and visual rehabilitation. Each technique poses its own advantages and disadvantages; the surgeon should select patients suitable for a particular technique while accounting for their surgical competency given the learning curve associated with these newer techniques. Alternatives to corneal transplant may have a role in addressing the shortages of corneal graft, these bioengineered material and medical treatment still need further studies to demonstrate its clinical applicability.

关键词： Cornea Cell therapy Keratoplasty Bullous keratopathy Techniques

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Identification of novel small-molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 by chemical genetics

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第9期14卷 4028-4044页

作者： Chris Chun-Yiu Chan Qian Guo Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan Kaiming Tang Jian-Piao Cai Kenn Ka-Heng Chik Yixin Huang Mei Dai Bo Qin Chon Phin Ong Allen Wing-ho Chu wan-Mui Chan Jonathan Daniel Ip Lei Wen Jessica Oi-Ling Tsang Tong-Yun wang Yubin Xie Zhenzhi Qin Jianli Cao Zi-Wei Ye Hin Chu kelvin Kai-wang To Xing-Yi Ge Tao Ni Dong-Yan Jin Sheng Cui Kwok-Yung Yuen Shuofeng Yuan State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Carol Yu Centre for InfectionDepartment of MicrobiologySchool of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518000China Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SAR 999077China Academician Workstation of Hainan Province Hainan Medical University-the University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious DiseasesHaikou 571100China School of Biomedical Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicinethe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong SAR 999077China NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China College of Biology Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical VirologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

There are only eight approved small molecule antiviral drugs for treating *** them,four are nucleotide analogues(remdesivir,JT001,molnupiravir,and azvudine),while the other four are protease inhibitors(nirmatrelvir,ensitrelvir,leritrelvir,and simnotrelvir-ritonavir).Antiviral resistance,unfavourable drug‒drug interaction,and toxicity have been reported in previous *** there is a dearth of new treatment options for *** this work,a three-tier cell-based screening was employed to identify novel compounds with anti-SARS-CoV-2 *** compound,designated 172,demonstrated broad-spectrum antiviral activity against multiple human pathogenic coronaviruses and different SARS-CoV-2 variants of *** studies validated by reverse genetics showed that compound 172 inhibits the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease(3CLpro)by binding to an allosteric site and reduces 3CLpro dimerization.A drug synergistic checkerboard assay demonstrated that compound 172 can achieve drug synergy with nirmatrelvir in *** vivo studies confirmed the antiviral activity of compound 172 in both Golden Syrian Hamsters and K18 humanized ACE2 ***,this study identified an alternative druggable site on the SARS-CoV-23CLpro,proposed a potential combination therapy with nirmatrelvir to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance and shed light on the development of allosteric protease inhibitors for treating a range of coronavirus diseases.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 High throughput screening Broad-spectrum antiviral treatment 3CLpro inhibitor Allosteric-site inhibitor Animal models Chemical genetics Reverse genetics

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Management of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis

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Eye and Vision 2021年第1期8卷 18-30页

作者： Angela H.Y.Wong Wee Nie Kua Alvin L.Young kelvin H.wan Department of Ophthalmology Tuen Mun HospitalHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Prince of Wales HospitalHong KongChina Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Background:Cytomegalovirus(CMV)can manifest as corneal endotheliitis in immunocompetent *** diagnosis is prudent to prevent endothelial cell loss,which could ultimately lead to corneal *** DNA was first detected in an eye with corneal endotheliitis in 2006;since then,clinical evidence from numerous case reports and case series have *** text:In this narrative review,we identified several drugs,including ganciclovir,valganciclovir,and their combination in oral,intravenous,intravitreal,and topical forms in different concentrations,together with the judicious use of topical steroids,have reported variable *** has yet to be any prospective comparative study evaluating the efficacy and safety of these assorted forms of treatment;clinical evidence is based on case reports and case *** endotheliitis presenting with corneal edema can masquerade as other corneal diseases and thus poses a great challenge especially in post-keratoplasty *** awareness is needed before and after keratoplasty to start prompt prophylaxis and ***:There is no consensus on the management of CMV *** studies are much needed to elucidate the optimal treatment modality,regime,and duration in the treatment and prophylaxis of CMV endotheliitis.

关键词： Cytomegalovirus CMV Endotheliitis Keratoplasty Corneal transplant Cornea

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Revealing the correlation between structure evolution and electrochemical performance of high-voltage lithium cobalt oxide

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 786-794页

作者： Jiajia wan Jianping Zhu Yuxuan Xiang Guiming Zhong Xiangsi Liu Yixiao Li kelvin H.L.Zhang Chaoyu hong Jianming Zheng Kai wang Yong Yang Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfaceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials Haixi InstitutesChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021FujianChina Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina Ningde Amperex Technology Ltd Ningde 352100FujianChina School of Energy Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005FujianChina

Lithium cobalt oxide(LCO)is the dominating cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)deployed in consumer electronic devices for its superior volumetric energy density and electrochemical *** constantly increasing demands of higher energy density urge to develop high-voltage LCO via a variety of ***,the corresponding modification mechanism,especially the influence of the long-and short-range structural transitions at high-voltage on electrochemical performance,is still not well understood and needs further *** on ss-NMR,in-situ X-ray diffraction,and electrochemical performance results,it is revealed that the H3 to H1-3 phase transition dictates the structural reversibility and stability of LCO,thereby determining the electrochemical *** introduction of La and Al ions could postpone the appearance of H1-3 phase and induce various types of local environments to alleviate the volume variation at the atomic level,leading to better reversibility of the H1-3 phase and smaller lattice strain,and significantly improved cycle *** a comprehensive long-range,local,and electronic structure characterization enables an in-depth understanding of the structural evolution of LCO,providing a guiding principle for developing high-voltage LCO for high energy density LIBs.

关键词： Lithium cobalt oxide High-voltage In-situ XRD Solid-state NMR Structure change

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Comparison of modified injection molding and conventional machining in biodegradable behavior of perforated cannulated magnesium hip stents

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第4期63卷 145-160页

作者： Haiyue Zu kelvin Chau Temitope Olumide Olugbade Lulu Pan Chris Halling Dreyer Dick ho-Kiu Chow Le Huang Lizhen Zheng Wenxue Tong Xu Li Ziyi Chen Xuan He Ri Zhang Jie Mi Ye Li Bingyang Dai Jiali wang Jiankun Xu Kevin Liu Jian Lu Ling Qin Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory Department of Orthopaedics&TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin999077Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Zoltrix Material International Limited Wan ChaiHong Kong Island999077Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon999077Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Department of Orthopaedics&TraumatologyOdense University HospitalInstitute of Clinical ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdense C5000Denmark Innovative Orthopaedic Biomaterial and Drug Translational Research Laboratory Li Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongShatin999077Hong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina

In this study,perforated cannulated magnesium(Mg)hip stents were fabricated via modified Mg injection molding and conventional machining,***,the stent canal was filled with paraffin to simulate injection of *** microstructure,mechanical performance,corrosion behavior,and biocompatibility were comparably *** electron microscopy(SEM)and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)showed higher affinity of interstitial element such as oxygen and carbon as consequences of routine molding *** immersion in SBF,machining stents showed reduced degradation rate and increased deposition of calcium phosphate compared to molding *** resistance was improved via ***,the hemolysis and in vitro osteoblast cell culture models showed favourable biocompatibility in machining stents compared to molding ones,which was improved by paraffin-filling treatment as *** results implied that the feasibility of the prepared machining stents as the potential in vivo orthopaedic application where slower degradation is required,which could be enhanced by designing canal-filling injection of biomaterials as well.

关键词： corrosion microstructure injection

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Optoeletronic investigation of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin-films ＆ Cu2Zn Sn(S,Se)4/CdS interface with scanning probe microscopy

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Science China Chemistry 2016年第2期59卷 231-236页

作者： Jiangjun Li Yugang Zou Ting Chen Jinsong Hu Dong wang Li-Jun wan Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

The kesterite-structured semiconductor Cu_2 Zn Sn(S,Se)_4(CZTSSe) is prepared by spin coating a non-hydrazine precursor and annealing at Se atmosphere. Local electrical and optoelectronic properties of the CZTSSe thin-film are explored by kelvin probe force microscopy and conductive atomic force microscopy. Before and after irradiation, no marked potential bending and very low current flow are observed at GBs, suggesting that GBs behave as a charge recombination site and an obstacle for charge transport. Furthermore, Cd S nano-islands are synthesized via successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction(SILAR) method on the surface of CZTSSe. By comparing the work function and current flow change of CZTSSe and Cd S in dark and under illumination, we demonstrate photo-induced electrons and holes are separated at the interface of p-n junction and transferred in Cd S and CZTSSe, respectively.

关键词： CZTSSe CdS GBs heterojunction KPFM c-AFM

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Peptidic defective interfering gene nanoparticles against Omicron,Delta SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza A virus in vivo

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第9期7卷 3484-3493页

作者： Hanjun Zhao Chuyuan Zhang hoiyan Lam Xinjie Meng Zheng Peng Man Lung Yeung Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan kelvin Kai-wang To Kwok-Yung Yuen State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Microbiology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Centre for Virology Vaccinology and TherapeuticsHong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina Carol Yu Centre for Infection The University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong Special Administrative RegionChina Guangzhou Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Defective interfering genes(DIGs)are short viral genomes and interfere with wild-type viral ***,we demonstrate that the new designed SARS-CoV-2 DIG(CD3600)can significantly inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2 including Alpha,Delta,Kappa and Omicron variants in human HK-2 cells and influenza DIG(PAD4)can significantly inhibit influenza virus replication in human A549 *** dose of influenza DIGs prophylactically protects 90%mice from lethal challenge of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and CD3600 inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in hamster lungs when DIGs are administrated to lungs one day before viral *** further investigate the gene delivery vector in the respiratory tract,a peptidic TAT2-P1&LAH4,which can package genes to form small spherical nanoparticles with high endosomal escape ability,is demonstrated to dramatically increase gene expression in the lung ***2-P1&LAH4,with the dual-functional TAT2-P1(gene-delivery and antiviral),can deliver CD3600 to significantly inhibit the replication of Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 in hamster *** peptide-based nanoparticle system can effectively transfect genes in lungs and deliver DIGs to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 variants and influenza virus in vivo,which provides the new insight into the drug delivery system for gene therapy against respiratory viruses.

关键词： influenza vivo Delta

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Self-assembled monolayers for electrochemical migration protection of low-temperature sintered nano-Ag paste

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Rare Metals 2022年第4期41卷 1239-1244页

作者： Shan wan hong wang Jin-Hang Liu Bo-Kai Liao Xing-Peng Guo School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and MaterialsGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Ecological Chemical IndustryJiujiang UniversityJiujiang 332005China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

The protective self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)were fabricated on the surface of low-temperature sintered nano-Ag paste electrode in the sodium mercaptobenzothiazole(MBT-Na)solution at room *** migration(ECM)behavior was investigated using waterdrop test,andthemeantimeto failure was employed as a parameter to evaluate ECM *** electrochemical meth-ods,including electrochemical impedance,potentiodynamic polarization curves,localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning kelvin probe,have been carried out to clarify the formation process of *** indi-cated that growth of tree-like silver dendrites after ECM tests resulted in the short circuit between twin *** SAMs-coated electrode can reduce the rate of anodic disso-lution and thus retard the growth of *** ECM inhibition efflciency increased with the concentration of MBT-Na *** the optimum self-assembled time was 60 min.A higher applied bias resultedin a shorter failuretime for *** relevant mechanisms have been proposed.

关键词： electrochemical paste electrode

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Interface-enhanced thermoelectric output power in CrN/SrTiO_(3-x) heterostructure

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 16-22,I0002页

作者： Xueying wan Xiaowei Lu Lin Sun Mingyu Chen Na Ta Wei Liu Qi Chen Liwei Chen Jian He Peng Jiang Xinhe Bao State Key Laboratory of Catalysis CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceDalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesDalian 116023LiaoningChina i-Lab Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-BionicsChinese Academy of SciencesSuzhou 215123jiangsuChina Department of Physics and Astronomy Clemson UniversityClemson 29634-0978USA

Thermoelectric devices enable direct conversion between thermal and electrical *** studies have indicated that the thin film/substrate heterostructure is effective in achieving high thermoelectric performance via decoupling the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity otherwise adversely inter-dependent in homogenous bulk ***,the mechanism underlying the thin film/substrate heterostructure thermoelectricity remains *** addition,the power output of the thin film/substrate heterostructure is limited to the nanowatt scale to date,falling short of the practical application ***,we fabricated the CrN/SrTiO_(3-x) heterostructures with high thermoelectric output power and outstanding thermal *** varying the CrN film thickness and the reduction degree of CrN/SrTiO_(3-x) substrate,the optimized power output and the power density have respectively reached 276μwand 10^(8) mW/cm^(2) for the 30 nm CrN film on a highly reduced surface of CrN/SrTiO_(3-x) under a temperature difference of 300 *** performance enhancement is attributed to the CrN/CrN/SrTiO_(3-x) heterointerface,corroborated by the band bending as revealed by the scanning kelvin probe *** results will stimulate further research efforts towards interface thermoelectrics.

关键词： SrTi0_(3-x) CrN Heterostructure Interface thermoelectrics Thin film

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