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Prevalence and risk factors of steatosis and advanced fibrosis using transient elastography in the United States’ adolescent population

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第7期13卷 790-803页

作者： Amporn Atsawarungruangkit Yousef Elfanagely Jason Pan kelsey anderson James Scharfen Kittichai Promrat Division of Gastroenterology Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903United States Department of Internal Medicine Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRI 02903United States

BACKGrOUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of chronic liver disease in children and *** To determine the prevalence and risk factors of steatosis and advanced fibrosis using transient elastography(TE)in the United States’adolescent *** Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018,adolescent participants aged 13 to 17 years who underwent TE and controlled attenuation parameter(CAP)were included in this ***-one factors associated with liver steatosis and fibrosis were *** and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to identify statistically significant *** Seven hundred and forty participants met inclusion ***(S1-S3),based on CAP,and advanced fibrosis(F3-F4),based on TE,were present in 27%and 2.84%of the study population,*** predictors of steatosis grade included log of alanine aminotransferase,insulin resistance,waistto-height ratio,and body mass *** predictors of fibrosis grade included steatosis grade,non-Hispanic black race,smoking history,and systolic blood *** This study demonstrated a high prevalence of steatosis in the United States’adolescent *** 3%of United States’adolescents had advanced *** findings are concerning because a younger age of onset of NAFLD can lead to an earlier development of severe disease,including steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,and liver decompensation.

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Fatty liver Metabolic syndrome Cirrhosis,national health and nutrition examination survey Pediatric Adolescents

Glutamine-released ammonia acts as an unprecedented signaling molecule activating lipid production

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 307-309页

作者： Chunming Cheng Scott kelsey Deliang Guo Department of radiation Oncology Ohio State Comprehensive Cancer CenterArthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Instituteand College of Medicine at The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Center for Cancer Metabolism James Comprehensive Cancer Center at The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

In healthy humans, ammonia circulates in the bloodstream at a concentration around 11–32 μmol/L. Whether ammonia plays any physiological role has been unknown until a recent report published in Nature Metabolism.1 Ammonia, long thought to be a toxic waste product of amino acid metabolism, needs to be excreted from the human body as urea. Intriguingly, in this paper, Cheng et al1 for the first time reported that ammonia is not a waste product;rather, it is an unprecedented signaling molecule tying glucose and glutamine to lipid production in human cells. This study revealed that ammonia released from glutamine triggers a cascade of cellular processes leading to the activation of lipogenesis machinery for lipid production (Fig. 1). This discovery has major implications for developing treatments for human diseases such as cancers and metabolic syndromes, as dysregulated metabolism is a hallmark of these diseases.

关键词： ammonia metabolism Ammonia

On ultrahigh temperature crustal metamorphism:Phase equilibria,trace element thermometry,bulk composition,heat sources,timescales and tectonic settings

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Geoscience Frontiers 2015年第3期6卷 311-356页

作者： David E.kelsey Martin Hand Department of Geology and Geophysics School of Physical SciencesThe University of Adelaide

Ultrahigh temperature （UHT） metamorphism is the most thermally extreme form of regional crustal metamorphism, with temperatures exceeding 900 ℃. UHT crustal metamorphism is recognised in more than 50 localities globally in the metamorphic rock record and is accepted as ＇normal＇ in the spectrum of regional crustal processes. UHT metamorphism is Wpically identified on the basis of diagnostic mineral assemblages such as sapphirine ＋ quartz, orthopyroxene ＋ sillimanite ＋ quartz and osumilite in Mg-Al- rich rock compositions, now usually coupled with pseudosection-based thermobarometry using internally-consistent thermodynamic data sets and/or Al-in-Orthopyroxene and ternary feldspar thermobarometry. Significant progress in the understanding of regional UHT metamorphism in recent years includes：（1） development of a ferric iron activity-composition thermodynamic model for sapphirine, allowing phase diagram calculations for oxidised rock compositions; （2） quantification of UHT conditions via trace element thermometry, with Zr-in-rutile more commonly recording higher temperatures than Ti-in-zircon. rutile is likely to be stable at peak UHT conditions whereas zircon may only grow as UHT rocks are cooling. In addition, the extent to which Zr diffuses out of rutile is controlled by chemical communication with zircon; （3） more fully recognising and utilising temperature-dependent thermal properties of the crust, and the possible range of heat sources causing metamorphism in geodynamic modelling studies; （4） recognising that crust partially melted either in a previous event or earlier in a long-duration event has greater capacity than fertile, unmelted crust to achieve UHT conditions due to the heat energy consumed by partial melting reactions; （5） more strongly linking U-Pb geochronological data from zircon and monazite to P-T points or path segments through using Y ＋ rEE partitioning between accessory and major phases, as well as phase diagrams incorporating Zr and rEE; and （

关键词： Sapphirine + quartz P-T pseudosections Zr-in-rutile Ti-in-zircon U-Pb geochronology Subduction

Conceptus elongation in ruminants: roles of progesterone, prostaglandin, interferon tau and cortisol

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 151-162页

作者： kelsey Brooks Greg Burns Thomas E Spencer Department of Animal Science and Center for reproductive Biology Washington State University

The majority of pregnancy loss in ruminants occurs during the first three weeks after conception, particularly during the period of conceptus elongation that occurs prior to pregnancy recognition and implantation. This review integrates established and new information on the biological role of ovarian progesterone （P4）, prostaglandins （PGs）, interferon tau （IFNT） and cortisol in endometrial function and conceptus elongation. Progesterone is secreted by the ovarian corpus luteum （CL） and is the unequivocal hormone of pregnancy. Prostaglandins （PGs） and cortisol are produced by both the epithelial cells of the endometrium and the trophectoderm of the elongating conceptus. In contrast, IFNT is produced solely by the conceptus trophectoderm and is the maternal recognition of pregnancy signa that inhibits production of luteolytic pulses of PGF2α by the endometrium to maintain the CL and thus production of P4. Available results in sheep support the idea that the individual, interactive, and coordinated actions of P4, PGs, IFNT and cortisol regulate conceptus elongation and implantation by controlling expression of genes in the endometrium and/or trophectoderm. An increased knowledge of conceptus-endometrial interactions during early pregnancy in ruminants is necessary to understand and elucidate the causes of infertility and recurrent early pregnancy loss and provide new strategies to improve fertility and thus reproductive efficiency.

关键词： Conceptus Cortisol Endometrium Interferon Prostaqlandin ruminant

Field scale measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from land applied swine manure

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 19-33页

作者： Devin L. Maurer Jacek A. Koziel kelsey Bruning Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA

Greenhouse gas emissions （GHGs） from swine production systems are relatively well researched with the exception of emissions from land application of manure. GttGs inventories are needed for process- based modeling and science-based regulations. Thus, the objective of this observational study was to measure GHG fluxes from land application of swine manure on a typical corn field. Assessment of GHG emissions from deep injected land-applied swine manure, Phil and reapplication in the spring, on a typical US Midwestern corn-on-corn farm was completed. Static chambers were used Ibr flux measurement along with gas analysis on a GC-FID-ECD＋ Measured gas concentrations were used to estimate GHGs flux using four different models： linear regression, nonlinear regression, first order linear regression and the revised Hutchinson and Mosier （HMr） model, respectively for *** flux esmnates after manure apphcatmn of 5.85×10 g·ha^-1（1 ha = 0.01 km） of CO2 6.60×10^1g·ha^-1 of CH4 and3.48 ×10^3g·ha^-1 N2O for the fall trial and 3.11×10^6g·ha^-1 of CO2,2.95×10^3g·ha^-1 of OH4, and 1.47×10^4g·ha^-1 N2O after the spnng reapphcation trial were observed. The N2O net cumulative flux represents 0.595% of nitrogen applied in swine manure for the fall trial.

关键词： Climate change Emissions Greenhouse gases Land application Swine manure

Sexually transmitted infection laboratory testing and education trends in US outpatient physician offices,2009-2016

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2021年第3期9卷 27-32页

作者： Amina r Zeidan kelsey Strey Michelle N Vargas Kelly r reveles College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at AustinSan AntonioTexasUSA Pharmacotherapy Education&research Center The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA

Objective To describe national rates of sexually transmitted infection(STI)testing and education overall and among patient subgroups in US outpatient physician offices from 2009 to *** This was a cross-sectional study of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 2009 to *** weights were applied to extrapolate to national *** Data were collected from a systematic random sample of outpatient physician office visits throughout *** office types include free standing clinics,private or group setting practices,centres offering community and mental health services,family planning clinics and health maintenance organisations/other prepaid *** All sampled patient visits were eligible for inclusion and were assessed for the provision of STI prevention education and STI testing for chlamydia,gonorrhoea,hepatitis,human papillomavirus(HPV)and *** Of 7.6 billion total visits,123 million included an STI *** was the most commonly tested STI(9.12 per 1000),followed by chlamydia(6.67 per 1000),gonorrhoea(6.00 per 1000),HIV(5.40 per 1000)and HPV(5.03 per 1000).Testing rates for the three STIs measured for the entire 8-year period increased over time and peaked in 2015 compared with 2009:chlamydia(r2=0.36),HPV(r2=0.28)and HIV(r2=0.51).Testing was highest among women(21.93 per 1000),15-24-year olds(46.04 per 1000),non-Hispanic blacks(37.33 per 1000)and those seen by obstetrics/gynaecology specialists(103.75 per 1000).STI prevention education was provided to 4.89 per 1000 patients and remained relatively unchanged from 2013 to *** STI testing in outpatient physician offices increased over the study period but varied by patient characteristics and site of *** patients received STI prevention education,highlighting a potential gap in resource utilisation in these settings.

关键词： prevention education testing

Unexpected cancellation on a catatonic patient’s electroconvulsive therapy due to the coronavirus pandemic

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General Psychiatry 2020年第6期33卷 442-444页

作者： kelsey Casano Erin Capone Department of Psychiatry LSU Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLouisianaUSA Psychiatry LSU Health Sciences Center New OrleansNew OrleansLouisianaUSA

We report a case of a 39-year-old woman with a psychiatric history of schizoaffective disorder with catatonia,dependent personality disorder and substance use disorder whose symptoms have been very difficult to *** her most recent inpatient admission,she w as treated with electroconvulsive therapy(ECT)for *** treatment team was hopeful that ECT was making a difference for this ***,she w as only able to receive two sessions of treatment due to new hospital protocols related to the coronavirus *** the patient was not suspected to have the coronavirus,she could no longer undergo ventilation with a bag and mask during the ***-m ask ventilation is known to aerosolise the coronavirus and other diseases and potentially put healthcare workers at *** orotracheal intubation also aerosolises the coronavirus,this was the only means of airway management still allowed by anaesthesia providers at this *** psychiatry team estimated that the risks of intubation outweighed the benefits of treatment,and ECT was *** additional ECT treatments,the patient again decompensated for several weeks before being stabilised on clozapine,haloperidol and *** she eventually had a positive treatment outcome,her hospital course w as likely prolonged due to unforeseen events related to the novel *** feel that the current medical climate is unprecedented and is interfering with necessary psychiatric treatment In an unanticipated *** will need to be flexible while working with psychiatrists and identify safe ways to provide this necessary psychiatric treatment for patients.

关键词： patient treatment aerosol

Conf irmation of endotracheal tube placement using disposable f iberoptic bronchoscopy in the emergent setting

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2019年第4期10卷 210-214页

作者： Avir Mitra Asaf Gave kelsey Coolahan Thomas Nguyen Department of Emergency Medicine Mount Sinai Beth IsraelIcahn School of MedicineNew Jersey 08043USA Department of Surgery Critical Care Mount Sinai Beth IsraelIcahn School of MedicineNew York 10009USA

BACKGrOUND:Patients intubated in the prehospital setting require quick and definitive confirmation of endotracheal (ET) tube placement upon arrival to the emergency department (ED).Direct and adjunct strategies exist,but each has limitations and there is no definitive gold *** utility of bronchoscopy in ED intubation has been studied,but scant literature exists on its use for ET tube *** study aims to assess effectiveness,ease and speed with which ET tube placement can be confirmed with disposable fiberoptic ***:Emergency medicine residents recruited from a 3-year urban residency program received 5 minutes of active learning on a simulation mannequin using a disposable,flexible Ambu aScope interfaced with a *** residents blinded,the researcher randomly placed the ET tube in the trachea,esophagus or right *** identified ET tube position by threading the bronchoscope through the tube and viewing distal *** resident underwent 4 ***,speed and perceptions of difficulty were ***:residents accurately identified the location of the ET tube in 88 out of 92 trials (95.7%).The median time-to-guess was 7.0 seconds,IQr (5.0-10.0).Average perceived difficulty was 1.6 on a scale from 1-5 (1 being very easy and 5 being very difficult).No tubes were damaged or ***:While simulation cannot completely replicate the live experience,fiberoptic bronchoscopy appears to be a quick and accurate method for ET tube *** studies directly comparing this novel approach to established practices on actual patients are warranted.

关键词： Airway Simulation Bronchoscopy Tube confi rmation

Say no to drugs: wait and watch strategy for medications used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2020年第6期16卷 560-561页

作者： Hilary Tice Shabih Manzar Nitin Walyat kelsey Trimble University of Louisiana at Monroe.1501 Kings Highway Shreveport Campus1725 Claiborne Avenue.Shreveport.LA 71103USA Division of Neonatology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Shreveport1501 Kings HighwayShreveport.LA 71103USA Department of Pharmacy Ochsner-LSU Health Shreveport1541 Kings HighwayShreveportLA 71103USA

From the presentation of gray baby syndrome with chloramphenicol use to gasping baby syndrome with exposure from benzyl alcohol in bacteriostatic flushes,historical clinical precedence has shown that babies cared for in the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU)are at higher risk of adverse effects from medication administration than other populations[1,2].Historical precedence led to a discussion amongst the multi-disciplinary team questioning whether medications are used excessively in the NICU.A recent review paper by Hsieh et al.[3]has elaborated on this question in detail,in which a downward trend in the use of certain medications was shown.

关键词： medication drugs downward