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The ruminal bacterial community in lactating dairy cows has limited variation on a day-to-day basis

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第4期10卷 1108-1112页

作者： Joseph H.Skarlupka Maria E.Kamenetsky kelsea a.jewell Garret Suen Department of Bacteriology University of Wisconsin-Madison5159 MSB1550 Linden DriveMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Population Health Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53726USA College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Statistical Consulting Lab University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadison 53706USA Department of Biology Centralia CollegeCentraliaWA 98531USA.

Dairy cows rely on a complex ruminal microbiota to digest their host-indigestible feed. Our ability to characterize this microbiota has advanced significantly due to developments in next-generation sequencing. However, efforts to sample the rumen, which typical y involves removing digesta directly from the rumen via a cannula, intubation, or rumenocentesis, is costly and labor intensive. As a result, the majority of studies characterizing the rumen microbiota are conducted on samples col ected at a single time point. Currently, it is unknown whether there is significant day-to-day variation in the rumen microbiota, a factor that could strongly influence conclusion drawn from studies that sample at a single time point. To address this, we examined day-to-day changes in the ruminal microbiota of lactating dairy cows using next-generation sequencing to determine if single-day sampling is representative of sampling across 3 consecutive days. We sequenced single-day solid and liquid fractions of ruminal digesta col ected over 3 consecutive days from 12 cannulated dairy cows during the early, middle, and late stages of a single lactation cycle using the V4 region of the bacterial 16 S r RNA gene. We then generated 97% similarity operational taxonomic units(OTUs) from these sequences and showed that any of the individual samples from a given 3-day sampling period is equivalent to the mean OTUs determined from the combined 3-d data set. This finding was consistent for both solid and liquid fractions of the rumen,and we thus conclude that there is limited day-to-day variability in the rumen microbiota.

关键词： Bacterial community Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota

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The ruminal bacterial community in lactating dairy cows has limited variation on a day-to-day basis.

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畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版) 2019年第4期

作者： Joseph H.Skarlupka Maria E.Kamenetsky kelsea a.jewell Garret Suen

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Carbon nanotube and conducting polymer composites for supercapacitors

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第7期18卷 777-788页

作者： Daniel jewell George Z. Chen School of Chemical and Environmental and Mining Engineering University of Nottingham University ParkNottingham NG7 2RD UK

Composites of carbon nanotubes and conducting polymers can be prepared via chemical synthesis, electrochemical deposition on pre- formed carbon nanotube electrodes, or by electrochemical co-deposition. The composites combine the large pseudocapacitance of the conducting polymers with the fast charging/discharging double-layer capacitance and excellent mechanical properties of the carbon nanotubes. The electrochemically co-deposited composites are the most homogeneous and show an unusual interaction between the polymer and nanotubes, giving rise to a strengthened electron delocalisation and conjugation along the polymer chains. As a result they exhibit excellent electrochemical charge storage properties and fast charge/discharge switching, making them promising electrode mate- rials for high power supercapacitors.

关键词： Supercapacitor Carbon nanotube Conducting polymer

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Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy in an African American patient: an unusual racial demographic for a condition more common in individuals of East Asian descent

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第8期14卷 1291-1292页

作者： Virang Kumar Vikram Brar Jordyn Prell Ann jewell Natario Couser Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine RichmondVA 23298USA Department of Ophthalmology Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVA 23298USA Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVA 23298USA Department of Pediatrics Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVA 23298USA

Dear Editor,The study outlining the manifestations of Bietti’s crystalline dystrophy(BCD)in five Chinese patients offered insights into common disease-causing variants associated with Chinese patients as well as a novel mutation[1].This genetic condition is commonly reported among East Asian populations and to some extent Mediterranean populations[2].

关键词： dystrophy crystalline condition

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Differences in Kinetics,Kinematics and Muscle Activation Strategies in Male and Female Team Sport Athletes During Unanticipated Sidestepping

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 159-167页

作者： Gillian Weir Mirra Stillman Richard van Emmerik Hannah Wyatt Carl jewell Joseph Hamill Biomechanics Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA Motor Control Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare kinetics,kinematics and muscle activation strategies between male and female collegiate level athletes during unanticipated sidestepping tasks to further the understanding of sex-specific differ-ences in injury incidence and their potential influence on ACL injury *** Three-dimensional kinematics,ground reaction forces and surface electromyography of eight lower limb muscles were recorded during unanticipated sidestepping in 20 male soccer and 17 female field hockey National Collegiate Athlet-ics Association Division 1 ***,hip and knee kinematics,knee joint moments,total muscle activation(TMA:knee,gluteal,quadriceps,hamstrings and gastrocnemii)and directed co-contraction ratios(DCCR)were compared between groups with two-sample t *** No sex differences were observed for peak frontal and transverse plane knee moments(P>0.05),however males had 10%greater knee flexion moments(P=0.047).Females had lower hip flexion and abduction and greater hip internal rota-tion angles than males likely concomitant with the 30%reduction in gluteal TMA(P<0.05).Females had lower quadriceps TMA during pre-contact and weight acceptance and higher hamstrings TMA during weight acceptance(P<0.05).Group averages for DCCR were not representative of individual patterns,where the majority of males were quadriceps dominant compared with *** Female and male team sport athletes display similar frontal and transverse plane knee moments,however their ability to support/counter the load applied(i.e.,muscle activations strategies)to the knee joint differed.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Injury Valgus Co-contraction

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Genetics of inflammatory bowel disease: The role of the HLA complex

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3628-3635页

作者： Tariq Ahmad Sara E Marshall Derek jewell Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe Infirmary Woodstock RoadOxford United Kingdom Department of Immunology Wright-Fleming InstituteImperial CollegeLondonUnited Kingdom Gastroenterology Unit University of OxfordGibson LaboratoriesRadcliffe InfirmaryWoodstock RoadOxfordUnited Kingdom

染色体 6p21.3 上的人的白细胞抗原(HLA ) 建筑群是在煽动性的肠疾病(IBD ) 的最广泛地学习的基因区域。到 IBD3 (6p21.1-23 ) 的连接的一致证据，包含 HLA 建筑群的一个区域，为两 Crohn 的疾病被表明了， ulcerative，和有疾病危险性... 详细信息

染色体 6p21.3 上的人的白细胞抗原(HLA ) 建筑群是在煽动性的肠疾病(IBD ) 的最广泛地学习的基因区域。到 IBD3 (6p21.1-23 ) 的连接的一致证据，包含 HLA 建筑群的一个区域，为两 Crohn 的疾病被表明了， ulcerative，和有疾病危险性和显型的很多个复制协会最近出现了。然而，尽管有这些努力为 IBD 遗体的 HLA 危险性基因(s) 逃犯，越过这个区域的强壮的连接不平衡，广泛的多型性和高基因密度的后果。这篇文章在 IBD 危险性和显型考察 HLA 复杂基因的角色的当前的知识，并且讨论当前限制这知识的翻译到临床的实践的因素。

关键词：遗传学肠炎白细胞抗原溃疡

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The influence of mobility among high-risk populations on HIV transmission in Western Kenya

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2018年第1期3卷 97-106页

作者： Anna Bershteyn Kennedy K.Mutai Adam N.Akullian Daniel J.Klein Britta L.jewell Samuel M.Mwalili Institute for Disease Modeling 3150139th Ave.SEBellevueWA 98005USA National Aids Control Council P.O.Box 61307-00200Argwings Kodhek RdNairobiKenya Department of Medicine University of California and San FranciscoZuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital1001 Potrero AvenueSan FranciscoCA 94110USA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PO Box 606Village MarketNairobi00621Kenya

Western Kenya suffers a highly endemic and also very heterogeneous epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).Although female sex workers(FSW)and their male clients are known to be at high risk for HIV,HIV prevalence across regions inWestern Kenya is not strongly correlated with the fraction of women engaged in commercial *** agentbased network model of HIV transmission,geographically stratified at the county level,was fit to the HIV epidemic,scale-up of interventions,and populations of FSW in Western Kenya under two assumptions about the potential mobility of FSW *** the first,all clients were assumed to be resident in the same geographies as their interactions with *** the second,some clients were considered non-resident and engaged only in interactions with FSW,but not in longer-term non-FSW partnerships in these *** both assumptions,the model successfully reconciled disparate geographic patterns of FSW and HIV *** patterns in the model suggest a greater role for FSW in local transmission when clients were resident to the counties,with 30.0%of local HIV transmissions attributable to current and former FSW and clients,compared to 21.9%when mobility of clients was ***,the overall epidemic drivers remained similar,with risky behavior in the general population dominating transmission in highprevalence *** modeling suggests that co-location of high-risk populations and generalized epidemics can further amplify the spread of HIV,but that large numbers of formal FSW and clients are not required to observe or mechanistically explain high HIV prevalence in the general population.

关键词： prevalence client stratified

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遗传学的临床应用

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中华消化杂志 2008年第12期28卷 799-802页

作者： jewell DP 吴开春(译) 张永国(译) 英国牛津大学第四军医大学附属西京医院消化科西安710032

本文主要阐述与炎症性肠病（IBD）相关的一些新基因以及遗传学研究在IBD发病机制方面的进展，同时探讨遗传学在预测家系其他成员的发病风险、疾病的自然病程及治疗效果方面的潜在价值。

关键词：遗传学临床应用炎症性肠病发病机制发病风险潜在价值治疗效果自然病程

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通过改建证明昼光照明的效果(英文)

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照明工程学报 1989年第2期2卷 26-38页

作者： James Earl jewell 美国照明顾问

美国的商业建筑中照明所需的电力占此类建筑总用电量的４０％左右。为了节约照明用电，开发和应用了许多有效的照明装置，发展和应用新的和改进的照明设计，并改进了照明能量管理程序。昼光照明的应用也包括在这三个方面内。本文只着重... 详细信息

美国的商业建筑中照明所需的电力占此类建筑总用电量的４０％左右。为了节约照明用电，开发和应用了许多有效的照明装置，发展和应用新的和改进的照明设计，并改进了照明能量管理程序。昼光照明的应用也包括在这三个方面内。本文只着重介绍ＰＧＥＣ（太平洋煤气和电力公司）将昼光照明作为降低峰值负荷的手段所进行的研究。ＰＧＥＣ自１９７３年起就参与了通过改进产品和照明系统的管理来节约照明用能的研究。其中包括了使用固态高频荧光灯镇流器替换白炽灯、使用小功率荧光灯、荧光灯调光以及改进荧光灯装置的反射性能等。这些工作中的大部分是与美国能源部和ＬＢＬ（ＬａｗｒｅｎｃｅＢｅｒｋｅｌｅｙ实验室）合用的。此实验室负责能源部资助的一项关于窗和照明的研究，这项使用的结果建议于１９７８年与一昼光照明控制装置的制造厂合作，以确定这种昼光系统的商业效果。１９７９年年中，选定旧金山市区内ＰＧＥＣ总部办公楼的第３０层作试验。此层的总面积为２６０００平方英尺，其中１９０００英尺为办公室，４０００平方英尺为走道，剩下的３０００平方英尺为电梯和楼梯等，只有靠外墙的一个区域作为昼光试验区，办公室都为用隔到顶的墙分开的小办公室，进深为５．１米，宽为４～７米。

关键词：照明昼光照明节能

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Recent Development of Reluctance Machines with Different Winding Configurations,Excitation Methods,and Machine Structures

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CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems 2018年第1期2卷 82-92页

作者： X.Y.Ma G.J.Li G.W.jewell Z.Q.Zhu Department of Electronic&Electrical Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffieldUK

This paper reviews the performances of some newly developed reluctance machines with different winding configurations,excitation methods,stator and rotor structures,and slot/pole number *** the double layer conventional(DLC-),double layer mutually-coupled(DLMC),single layer conventional(SLC-),and single layer mutually-coupled(SLMC-),as well as fully-pitched(FP)winding configurations have been considered for both rectangular wave and sinewave *** conduction angles such as unipolar􀫚120°elec.,unipolar/bipolar􀫚180°elec.,bipolar􀫛240°*** bipolar􀫜360°*** been adopted and the most appropriate conduction angles have been obtained for the SRMs with different winding *** addition,with appropriate conduction angles,the 12-slot/14-pole SRMs with modular stator structure is found to produce similar average torque,but lower torque ripple and iron loss when compared to non-modular 12-slot/8-pole *** sinewave excitation,the doubly salient synchronous reluctance machines with the DLMC winding can produce the highest average torque at high currents and achieve the highest peak efficiency as *** order to compare with the conventional synchronous reluctance machines(SynRMs)having flux barriers inside the rotor,the appropriate rotor topologies to obtain the maximum average torque have been investigated for different winding configurations and slot/pole number ***,some prototypes have been built with different winding configurations,stator structures,and slot/pole combinations to validate the predictions.

关键词： Double/single layer windings excitation methods fully/short-pitched mutually coupled modular machines switched/synchronous reluctance machines

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