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Does Chitosan Extend the Shelf Life of Fruits?

Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016年第8期7卷 337-342页

作者： Tahsin Islam Sakif Adam Dobriansky kelly russell Tofazzal Islam Canadian International School Bangladesh (CISB) Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biotechnology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur Bangladesh

The use of hazardous formalin in increasing shelf life of fruits and protecting them from microbial decay by unscrupulous traders is a big health concern for the consumers in Bangladesh. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer produced from the exoskeletons of shrimp and crab, which slows antimicrobial activities and induces immunity of plants against microbial pests. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chitosan on the shelf life extension of some local ripened fruits compared to untreated control. Three doses of chitosan solution viz. 0, 500 and 1000 ppm were sprayed in alternate day on banana (cvs. Shabri and Champa), strawberry, tomato, and oranges. It revealed that chitosan extended shelf life of all fruits by delaying the decay;however, level of protection varied in different kinds of fruits as well as in doses of the chitosan used. Among the tested fruits, decay of tomatoes was most delayed by chitosan. Spraying of both 500 and 1000 ppm of chitosan equally protected 100% decay in tomatoes until 8 days of treatments at room temperature. More than 80% protection of other fruits viz. banana, orange and strawberries by chitosan were recorded at 8, 8 and 4 day after treatment, respectively, which were remarkably higher than the untreated control. Interestingly, 500 ppm of chitosan spray gave better protection than 1000 ppm in all the tested fruits. These results suggest that lower doses of chitosan can be utilized as a natural preservative of fruits alternative to hazardous formalin. A further study with higher number of fruits, and at varying temperature and chitosan doses are needed for recommending it for practical application as a fruit preservative.

关键词： Fruit Shelf Life Alternative to Formalin Health Hazards Use of Chitosan Fruit Preservation

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团队情绪管理指南

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企业家信息 2022年第2期 47-49页

作者：杰弗里·桑切斯-伯克斯克里斯帝娜·希拉德利林德雷德·格里尔 William russell kelly 徐广彤(翻译) 密歇根大学罗斯商学院罗斯商学院不详

每天,员工都会带着各种情绪来上班,对团队有影响。公司该咋办?人们越来越情绪化。贯穿2020年的突发事件,如全球疫情、气候灾害、经济不稳定以及社会不满,导致员工带到工作中的情绪远比以往更大。这就和原本根深蒂固的职场规范--喜怒不... 详细信息

每天,员工都会带着各种情绪来上班,对团队有影响。公司该咋办?人们越来越情绪化。贯穿2020年的突发事件,如全球疫情、气候灾害、经济不稳定以及社会不满,导致员工带到工作中的情绪远比以往更大。这就和原本根深蒂固的职场规范--喜怒不形于色,方显得体“专业”风范--发生了冲突。

关键词：经济不稳定管理指南气候灾害情绪化团队情绪突发事件

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Effects of sun compass error on spatial search by Clark’s nutcrackers

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 172-181页

作者： Debbie M.kelly Ken CHENG russell BALDA Alan C.KAMIL Department of Psychology University of ManitobaWinnipegCanada Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona UniversityFlagstaffUSA Department of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnUSA

Animals employ compasses during navigation,but little attention has been paid to how accuracy is maintained in the face of compass error,which is inevitable in biological *** use of multiple landmarks may minimize the effect of compass *** allowed Clark’s nutcrackers to cache seeds in an outdoor aviary with either one or four landmarks present,and subsequently subjected them to small clock-shifts mimicking the effects of compass *** predicted,the results showed a significant decrease in search accuracy following the clock-shift when one landmark was present but not when four landmarks were *** results support that nutcrackers encode information from the sun as well as terrestrial landmarks,and these spatial cues are used in a flexible ***,our results are important as they support the hypothesis that multiple landmarks may be used during situations where the sun compass has even a small amount of error.

关键词： Clark’s nutcracker clock-shift error landmarks sun compass

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Antibiotic use in early childhood and risk of obesity: longitudinal analysis of a national cohort

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第4期15卷 390-397页

作者： Dervla kelly Alan kelly Tom O'Dowd Catherine B.Hayes Department of Public Health and Primary Care Trinity College DublinRussell CenterTallaght CrossDublin 24Ireland

Background Taking oral antibiotics during childhood has been linked with an increased risk of childhood *** study assessed any potential association in number of courses of antibiotics taken between 2-3 and 4-5 years of age and body mass trajectory up to age *** The study was a secondary analysis of 8186 children and their parents from the infant cohort of the Irish National Longitudinal Study of *** use was measured by parental recall between ages 2-3 and *** models described the relationship between antibiotic exposure and body mass index (BMI) standard deviation scores andbinary outcomes,and examined interactions between covariates,which included socioeconomic status,diet assessed by food frequency questionnaires and maternal *** Any antibiotic usage between 2 and 3 years did not predict risk of overweight or obesity at age *** or more courses of antibiotics between 2 and 3 years were independently associated with obesity at age 5 (odds ratio 1.6,95% confidence interval 1.11-2.31).Effect size was modest (coefficient + 0.09 body mass SD units,standard error 0.04,P =0.037).Maternal BMI modified the relationship:≥ 4 courses of antibiotics between 2 and 3 years were associated with a + 0.12 body mass SD units increase in weight at age 5 among children of normal-weight mothers (P=0.035),but not in children of overweight *** Number of antibiotic courses,rather than antibiotic use,may be an important factor in any link between early antibiotic exposure and subsequent childhood *** is needed to confirm differential effects on babies of normal versus overweight/obese mothers independent of socioeconomic factors.

关键词： Antibiotics Body mass index Early childhood Infants Obesity

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Patterns of reproductive isolation in the Drosophila subquinaria complex： can reinforced premating isolation cascade to other species？

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Current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 183-191页

作者： Devon P. HUMPHREYS Howard D. RUNDLE kelly A. DYER Department of Genetics University of Georgia Athens GA 30602 USA Department of Biology University of Ottawa Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

The reinforcement of premating barriers due to reduced hybrid fitness in sympatry may cause secondary sexual isolation within a species as a by-product. Consistent with this, in the fly Drosophila subquinaria, females that are sympatric with D. recens mate at very low rates not only with D. recens, but also with conspecific D. subquinaria males from allopatry. Here, we ask if these effects of re- inforcement cascade more broadly to affect sexual isolation with other closely related species. We assay reproductive isolation of these species with D. transversa and find that choosy D. subquinaria females from the region sympatric with D. recens discriminate strongly against male D. transversa, whereas D. subquinaria from the allopatric region do not. This increased sexual isolation cannot be explained by natural selection to avoid mating with this species, as they are allopatric in geographic range and we do not identify any intrinsic postzygotic isolation between D. subquinaria and D. transversa. Variation in epicuticular hydrocarbons, which are used as mating signals in D. subquinaria, follow patterns of premating isolation： D. transversa and allopatric D. subquinaria are most similar to each other and differ from sympatric D. subquinaria, and those of D. recens are distinct from the other two species. We suggest that the secondary effects of reinforcement may cascade to strengthen reproductive isolation with other species that were not a target of selection. These effects may enhance the divergence that occurs in allopatry to help explain why some species are already sexually isolated upon secondary contact.

关键词： epicuticular hydrocarbons hybrid sterility mate choice reinforcement speciation Wolbachia

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Hematopoietic stem cell-derived adipocytes and fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第2期7卷 253-265页

作者： Ying Xiong Lindsay T Mc Donald Dayvia L russell Ryan R kelly Katie R Wilson Meenal Mehrotra Adam C Soloff Amanda C LaRue Research Services Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center the Hollings Cancer Center Medical University of South CarolinaRalph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center Department of Microbiology and Immunology Ralph H Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center

The tumor microenvironment(TME) is complex and constantly evolving. This is due, in part, to the crosstalk between tumor cells and the multiple cell types that comprise the TME, which results in a heterogeneous population of tumor cells and TME cells. This review will focus on two stromal cell types, the cancerassociated adipocyte(CAA) and the cancer-associated fibroblast(CAF). In the clinic, the presence of CAAs and CAFs in the TME translates to poor prognosis in multiple tumor types. CAAs and CAFs have an activated phenotype and produce growth factors, inflammatory factors, cytokines, chemokines, extracellular matrix components, and proteases in an accelerated and aberrant fashion. Through this activated state, CAAs and CAFs remodel the TME, thereby driving all aspects of tumor progression, including tumor growth and survival, chemoresistance, tumor vascularization, tumor invasion, and tumor cell metastasis. Similarities in the tumorpromoting functions of CAAs and CAFs suggest that a multipronged therapeutic approach may be necessary to achieve maximal impact on disease. While CAAs and CAFs are thought to arise from tissues adjacent to the tumor, multiple alternative origins for CAAs and CAFs have recently been identified. Recent studies from our lab and others suggest that the hematopoietic stem cell, through the myeloid lineage, may serve as a progenitor for CAAs and CAFs. We hypothesize that the multiple origins of CAAs and CAFs may contribute to the heterogeneity seen in the TME. Thus, a better understanding of the origin of CAAs and CAFs, how this origin impacts their functions in the TME, and thetemporal participation of uniquely originating TME cells may lead to novel or improved anti-tumor therapeutics.

关键词： Hematopoietic stem cell Cancer associatedadipocyte Mesenchymal stromal cell Tumor progression Cancer associated fibroblast Plasticity Metastasis Fibrocyte

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The wonders of BMP9:From mesenchymal stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and metabolism to regenerative medicine

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Genes & Diseases 2019年第3期6卷 201-223页

作者： Sami Mostafa Mikhail Pakvasa Elam Coalson Allen Zhu Alex Alverdy Hector Castillo Jiaming Fan Alex Li Yixiao Feng Di Wu Elliott Bishop Scott Du Mia Spezia Alissa Li Ofir Hagag Alison Deng Winny Liu Mingyang Li Sherwin S·Ho Aravind Athiviraham Michael J·Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Guillermo A·Ameer Hue H·Luu Rex C·Haydon Jason Strelzow kelly Hynes Tong-Chuan He russell R·Reid The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine ChicagoIL 60637USA Laboratory of Craniofacial Biology and Development Section of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryThe University of Chicago MedicineChicagoIL 60637USA Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Rosalind Franklin University Chicago Medical SchoolNorth ChicagoIL 60064USA SIR Program Illinois Math and Science Academy(IMSA)AuroraIL 60506USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA The Department of Surgery Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoIL60616USA

Although bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)initially showed effective induction of ectopic bone growth in muscle,it has since been determined that these proteins,as members of the TGF-b superfamily,play a diverse and critical array of biological *** roles include regulating skeletal and bone formation,angiogenesis,and development and homeostasis of multiple organ *** of the members of the TGF-b/BMP superfamily result in severe skeletal and extra-skeletal irregularities,suggesting high therapeutic potential from understanding this family of BMP *** it was once one of the least characterized BMPs,BMP9 has revealed itself to have the highest osteogenic potential across numerous experiments both in vitro and in vivo,with recent studies suggesting that the exceptional potency of BMP9 may result from unique signaling pathways that differentiate it from other *** effectiveness of BMP9 in inducing bone formation was recently revealed in promising experiments that demonstrated efficacy in the repair of critical sized cranial defects as well as compatibility with bone-inducing bio-implants,revealing the great translational promise of ***,emerging evidence indicates that,besides its osteogenic activity,BMP9 exerts a broad range of biological functions,including stem cell differentiation,angiogenesis,neurogenesis,tumorigenesis,and *** review aims to summarize our current understanding of BMP9 across biology and the body.

关键词： Adipogenesis Bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs) BMP9/GDF2 Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) Metabolism Osteogenesis Regenerative medicine Tumorigenesis

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Resection of parietal lobe gliomas： incidence and evolution of neurological deficits in 28 consecutive patients correlated to the location and morphological characteristics of the tumor

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中国神经肿瘤杂志 2005年第4期3卷 295-295页

作者： russell SM Elliott R Forshaw D kelly PJ Golfinos JG Department of Neurosurgery New York University School of Medicine New York USA.

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Notch signaling:Its essential roles in bone and craniofacial development

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第1期8卷 8-24页

作者： Mikhail Pakvasa Pranav Haravu Michael Boachie-Mensah Alonzo Jones Elam Coalson Junyi Liao Zongyue Zeng Di Wu Kevin Qin Xiaoxing Wu Huaxiu Luo Jing Zhang Meng Zhang Fang He Yukun Mao Yongtao Zhang Changchun Niu Meng Wu Xia Zhao Hao Wang Linjuan Huang Deyao Shi Qing Liu Na Ni Kai Fu Michael J.Lee Jennifer Moriatis Wolf Aravind Athiviraham Sherwin S.Ho Tong-Chuan He kelly Hynes Jason Strelzow Mostafa El Dafrawy russell R.Reid Molecular Oncology Laboratory Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation MedicineThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Pritzker School of Medicine University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of SurgeryThe University of Chicago Medical CenterChicagoIL 60637USA Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery Gastrointestinal SurgeryObstetrics and Gynecologyand NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016PR China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic MedicineChongqing Medical UniversityChongqing400016PR China Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041PR China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouGuangdong510405PR China Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei430072PR China Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdaoShandong266061PR China Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine Chongqing General HospitalChongqing400021PR China Institute of Bone and Joint Research and the Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryThe Second Hospitals of Lanzhou UniversityGansuLanzhou730030PR China Department of Orthopaedics Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei430072PR China Department of Spine Surgery Second Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan410011PR China

Notch is a cellecell signaling pathway that is involved in a host of activities including development,oncogenesis,skeletal homeostasis,and much *** specifically,recent research has demonstrated the importance of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation,bone healing,and in the development of the *** craniofacial skeleton is complex and understanding its development has remained an important focus in *** this review we briefly summarize what recent research has revealed about Notch signaling and the current understanding of how the skeleton,skull,and face *** then discuss the crucial role that Notch plays in both craniofacial development and the skeletal system,and what importance it may play in the future.

关键词： Alagille syndrome Bone Craniofacial development Craniosynostosis Notch Oncogenesis Osteogenesis Spondylocostal dysosotosis

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Performance and calibration of quark/gluon-jet taggers using 140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott K. Abeling N.J. Abicht S.H. Abidi A. Aboulhorma H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B.S. Acharya C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk S.V. Addepalli M.J. Addison J. Adelman A. Adiguzel T. Adye A.A. Affolder Y. Afik M.N. Agaras J. Agarwala A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W.S. Ahmed S. Ahuja X. Ai G. Aielli A. Aikot M. Ait Tamlihat B. Aitbenchikh I. Aizenberg M. Akbiyik T.P.A. Åkesson A.V. Akimov D. Akiyama N.N. Akolkar K. Al Khoury G.L. Alberghi J. Albert P. Albicocco G.L. Albouy S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I.N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos F. Alfonsi M. Algren M. Alhroob B. Ali H.M.J. Ali S. Ali S.W. Alibocus M. Aliev G. Alimonti W. Alkakhi C. Allaire B.M.M. Allbrooke J.F. Allen C.A. Allendes Flores P.P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani M. Alvarez Estevez A. Alvarez Fernandez M. Alves Cardoso M.G. Alviggi M. Aly Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler C. Amelung M. Amerl C.G. Ames D. Amidei S.P. Amor Dos Santos K.R. Amos V. Ananiev C. Anastopoulos T. Andeen J.K. Anders S.Y. Andrean A. Andreazza S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A.V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M.T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli F. Anulli M. Aoki T. Aoki J.A. Aparisi Pozo M.A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella C. Appelt A. Apyan N. Aranzabal S.J. Arbiol Val C. Arcangeletti A.T.H. Arce E. Arena J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling O. Arnaez H. Arnold G. Artoni H. Asada K. Asai S. Asai N.A. Asbah J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos S. Atashi R.J. Atkin M. Atkinson H. Atmani P.A. Atmasiddha K. Augsten S. Auricchio A.D. Auriol V.A. Austrup G. Avolio K. Axiotis G. Azuelos D. Babal H. Bachacou K. Bachas A. Bachiu F. Backman A. Badea P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani A.J. Bailey V.R. Bailey J.T. Baines L. Baines O.K. Baker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta V. Balakrishnan R. Balasubramanian E.M. Baldin P. Balek E. Ballabene F. Balli L.M. Baltes W.K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay S. Bansal L. Barak M. Barakat E.L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero M.Z. Barel K.N. Barends T. Barillari M-S. Barisits T. Barklow P. Baron D.A. Baron Mo The ATLAS Collaboration

The identification of jets originating from quarks and gluons,often referred to as quark/gluon tagging,plays an important role in various analyses performed at the Large Hadron Collider,as Standard Model measurements and searches for new particles decaying to quarks often rely on suppressing a large gluon-induced *** paper describes the measurement of the efficiencies of quark/gluon taggers developed within the ATLAS Collaboration,using √s=13 TeV proton–proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb^(-1) collected by the ATLAS *** taggers with high performances in rejecting jets from gluon over jets from quarks are studied:one tagger is based on requirements on the number of inner-detector tracks associated with the jet,and the other combines several jet substructure observables using a boosted decision tree.A method is established to determine the quark/gluon fraction in data,by using quark/gluon-enriched subsamples defined by the jet *** in tagging efficiency between data and simulation are provided for jets with transverse momentum between 500 GeV and 2 TeV and for multiple tagger working points.

关键词： ATLAS JET QUARK GLUON TAGGING

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