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Radial consolidation characteristics of soft undisturbed clay based on large specimens

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第6期10卷 1037-1045页

作者： Pankaj Baral Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Buddhima Indraratna Richard kelly Research Centre for Geomechanics and Railway Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Information SciencesUniversity of WollongongWollongongNSW2522Australia SMEC-Australia and New Zealand Division BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

In recent years, reconstituted small samples have often been used to assess the performance of radial consolidation due to prefabricated vertical drains(PVDs), but the permeability and compressibility of samples of undisturbed soil often differ from those of the remoulded ones. The problem seems more complex in marine environment due to the presence of random coarse particles including gravels, shells and natural partings. Performing small-scale laboratory experiment with reconstituted samples, especially in marine environment, cannot predict the exact soil behaviour in the field. This paper describes an experimental programme that measures radial consolidation using a conventional Rowe cell and a largescale consolidometer, where the samples of undisturbed soil obtained from a site along the Pacific Highway(north of Sydney) were compared using measured settlements and excess pore ***, this paper highlights the implications of the smear effect and sample size influence, which are imperative in translating the laboratory testing practices to actual real-life behaviour. The effect of vacuum pressure on the coefficient of radial consolidation of a large-scale undisturbed test specimen is also discussed. The paper demonstrates that the extent of smear zone in the field can be very similar to the large-scale laboratory consolidation test using a scaled-down drain and mandrel, but considerably different from the data obtained for small laboratory specimens.

关键词： Consolidation Soft soil Vertical drain Undisturbed clay

Dynamical and Chemical Features of a Cutoff Low over Northeast China in July 2007:Results from Satellite Measurements and Reanalysis

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第2期30卷 525-540页

作者：刘传熙刘毅 Xiong LIU kelly CHANCE Key Laboratory of Middle Atmosphere and Global Environment Observation Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMassachusettsUSA

The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather orology and measurements from the Microwave Limb Forecasts Re-Analysis Interim （ERA-Interim） meteSounder, High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder, and Ozone Monitoring Instrument onboard the Earth Observing System Aura satellite were applied to analyze the dynamical and chemical features of a cutoff low （COL） event over northeast China in early July 2007. The results showed the polar stratospheric origin of an upper-level warm-core cyclone at 100 300 hPa, associated with a funnel-shaped tropopause intruding into the mid-troposphere just above the COL center. The impacts of the stratospheric intrusion on both column ozone and ozone profiles were investigated using satellite measurements. When the intensity of the COL peaked on 10 July 2007, the total column ozone （TCO） increase reached a maximum （40-70 DU）. This could be dynamically attributed to both the descent of the tropopause （~75%） and the downward transport of stratospheric ozone across the tropopause （~25%）. Analysis of the tropospheric ozone profiles provided evidence for irreversible transport/mixing of ozone-rich stratospheric air across the tropopause near the upper-level front region ahead of the COL center. This ozone intrusion underwent downstream transport by the upper tropospheric winds, leading to further increase in TCO by 12 16 DU over broad regions extending from east China toward the northern Japan Sea via South Korea. Meteorological analysis also showed the precedence of the stratospheric intrusion ahead of the development of cyclones in the middle and lower troposphere.

关键词： stratosphere-troposphere exchange cutoff low tropopause ozone satellite observation

The role of dyadic interactions in the mixed-mating strategies of the mangrove rivulus Kryptolebias marmoratus

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 6-17页

作者： kelly N.LUKE David L.BECHLER Division of Natural Sciences Mathematics and Physical Education South Georgia College Department of Biology Valdosta State University

The mangrove rivulus Kryptolebias marmoratus a small cyprinodont fish native to tropical and subtropical waters from Florida to Brazil, is one of two known self-fertilizing, hermaphroditic vertebrates of which K. marmoratus displays androdioecy, a complex system of reproduction in which hermaphrodites and males are present. This study describes the behavioral repertoires observed during dyadic interactions in the laboratory. Kryptolebias marmoratus exhibited 23 distinctive acts or behaviors. Acts were divided into four categories： aggressive, submissive, neutral, and reproductive. Leading and following behaviors played important roles in the behavioral repertoires of these fish. In hermaphrodite-male dyads, males exclusively initiated the reproductive process and actively pursued hermaphrodites. When hermaphrodites were paired, there was no evidence that they behaved like other simultaneous hermaphrodites that alternate sexual roles （e.g. serranids）. Hermaphrodites were extremely aggressive towards one another, and the aggressor established dominance rapidly. Male-male dyads were divided into two subdivisions based on the presence or absence of the caudal ocellus on one fish. A caudal ocellus on one male appeared to signal the possibility of a potential mating partner to males lacking it. Pairings of males without an ocellus were similar to hermaphrodite-hermaphrodite dyads in that both members of the pair were aggressive towards one another. These observations may be indicative of interactions taking place in natural communities or assemblages of fish in which both males and hermaphrodites occur and provide evidence on the role of dyadic interactions in the mixed-mating strategies [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 6-17, 2010].

关键词： Behavior Male Hermaphrodite Aggressive Reproductive

Coincidence Properties for Maps from the Torus to the Klein Bottle

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2008年第4期29卷 425-440页

作者： Daciberg L.GONCALVES Michael R.kelly Departamento de Matemática IME USP Department of Mathematics Loyola University

The authors study the coincidence theory for pairs of maps from the Torus to the Klein bottle. Reidemeister classes and the Nielsen number are computed, and it is shown that any given pair of maps satisfies the Wecken property. The 1-parameter Wecken property is studied and a partial negative answer is derived. That is for all pairs of coincidence free maps a countable family of pairs of maps in the homotopy class is constructed such that no two members may be joined by a coincidence free homotopy.

关键词： Coincidence point Nielsen number Wecken property

Impact of post-ruminally infused macronutrients on bovine mammary gland expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis measured in RNA isolated from milk fat

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1220-1231页

作者： kelly Nichols AndréBannink Jurgen van Baal Jan Dijkstra Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen University and ResearchPO Box 3386700AHWageningenthe Netherlands Wageningen Livestock Research Wageningen University and ResearchPO Box 3386700AHWageningenthe Netherlands

Background: Characterising the regulation of milk component synthesis in response to macronutrient supply is critical for understanding the implications of nutritional interventions on milk production. Gene expression in mammary gland secretory cells was measured using RNA isolated from milk fat globules from 6 Holstein-Friesian cows receiving 5-d abomasal infusions of saline, essential amino acids(AA), or glucose(GG) or palm olein(LG)without(LAA) or with(HAA) essential AA, according to a 6 × 6 Latin square design. RNA was isolated from milk fat samples collected on d 5 of infusion and subjected to real-time quantitative PCR. We hypothesised that m RNA expression of genes involved in de novo milk fatty acid(FA) synthesis would be differently affected by GG and LG,and that expression of genes regulating transfer of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates would increase at the HAA level. We also hypothesised that the HAA level would affect genes regulating endoplasmic reticulum(ER)homeostasis but would not affect genes related to the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(m TORC1) or the integrated stress response(ISR) ***: Infusion of GG did not affect de novo milk FA yield but decreased expression of FA synthase(FASN).Infusion of LG decreased de novo FA yield and tended to decrease expression of acetyl-Co A carboxylase 1(ACC1).The HAA level increased both de novo FA yield and expression of ACC1, and tended to decrease expression of mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PCK2). m RNA expression of m TORC1 signaling participants was not affected by GG, LG, or AA level. Expression of the ε subunit of the ISR constituent eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 B(EIF2 B5) tended to increase at the HAA level, but only in the presence of LG. X-box binding protein 1(XBP1) m RNA was activated in response to LG and the HAA ***: Results show that expression of genes involved in de novo FA synthesis responded to glucogenic,lipogenic, and

关键词： Cytoplasmic crescent Endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis Mammary cell Milk fat globule Milk synthesis Tricarboxylic acid cycle

Targeting neuroinflammation after therapeutic hypothermia for perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1261-1262页

作者： kelly Q.Zhou Joanne O.Davidson The Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)has an incidence of 1-3 in 1000 term births in high-income countries(Zhou et al.,2020).The standard treatment for these infants is therapeutic *** therapeutic hypothermia significantly reduces the risk of death and disability for infants with HIE,it is still only partially protective as up to 45%of infants still develop disability despite treatment(Zhou et al.,2020).The current therapeutic hypothermia protocol is optimal for widespread use in infants with moderate to severe ***,it is possible that a more tailored approach for individual babies,including stratification of the cooling regimen for the severity of HIE and the identification of reliable biomarkers to guide treatment,may improve efficacy in the future.

关键词： therapeutic inflammation protective

Do phagocytotic mechanisms regulate soluble factor secretion in microglia?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第5期16卷 974-975页

作者： Gen Hamanaka kelly K.Chung Ken Arai Neuroprotection Research Laboratory Departments of Radiology and NeurologyMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMAUSA

Microglia are responsible for phagocytosis in the brain:Phagocytosis,one of the major mechanisms of innate immune defense,is the process by which several types of cells in the immune system recognize,engulf,and digest large particles,such as pathogens and cell *** the brain,microglia play phagocytotic roles to regulate the micro-environment of brains under both physiological and pathological conditions.

关键词： conditions. mechanisms debris

Practical problems in regulatory toxicology Ⅱ:Control of contamination

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2013年第3期 513-514页

作者： Janet L kelly CJS Scientific Ltd HarrogateUKHG3 5BJ.

Although highly regulated,all non-clinical toxicology studies have the potential to experience practical *** of potential hurdles and planning for success are key actions for all investigators to ensure a study is robust and suitable for submission and regulatory *** presentation will examine the whole study conduct process and illustrate steps you can take to the potential contamination of control samples and,in the event of an unexpected result being obtained,the procedures that must be carried out to investigate the *** authorities across the globe have focused on the contamination of control biological samples as a serious risk to compound development.A number of studies have been rejected by regulatory authorities in recent years due to the occurrence of test material in control samples and various legislationhas been introduced on the *** it was common place to only demonstrate the presence of test material at one or two time points in treated animals during a study and either not take or not analyse control *** today almost every study has a complete time profile of blood levels in all animals and analytical techniques have become ever more ***,the potential to identify test material in control samples is *** is a very costly problem for all involved in regulatory toxicology as it leads to additional time investigating the source of the problem,possible extra costs in repeating studies and the consequent use of more animals and potentially delays in registration and even loss of market *** which can be taken to limit its occurrence and a process of investigation of any positive results will be *** presentation will illustrate the need for scientists from all departments involved in a regulatory study to contribute to the successful *** regards to GLP compliance,the involvement and leadership of the Study Director in determ

关键词： Control of contamination Practical problems in regulatory toxicology

Practical problems in regulatory toxicology Ⅰ:Formulations

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2013年第3期 504-505页

作者： Janet L kelly CJS Scientific Ltd HarrogateUKHG3 5BJ.

Although highly regulated,all non-clinical toxicology studies have the potential to experience practical *** of potential hurdles and planning for success are key actions for all investigators to ensure a study is robust and suitable for submission and regulatory *** presentation will examine an area of study conduct which can be problematic but which if approached correctly will ensure good study *** test materials under development today are *** a suitable formulation for administration to laboratory animalsis difficult and therefore having strategies for determining suitable vehicles and dosing regimen *** achieve the optimal bioavailability of the chemical you need to strike a balance between the dose concentration,dose volume and the dosing *** presentation will consider the interactions of factors such as the physical nature of the final formulation,physicalproperties of vehicles and potential side effects which should be considered together when optimising the final dosing *** will demonstrate how a methodical approach can assist the scientist in establishing a formulation that will achieve the best bioavailability possible with minimal effects to the test *** presentation will also illustrate how the Study Director can demonstrate strong involvement and active study management as required by the GLP authorities.

关键词： Formulations Practical problems in regulatory toxicology