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Water Hyac.nth c.ntrol by Glyphosate Herbic.de and Its Impac. on Water Quality

Journal of Water Resourc. and Protec.ion 2020年第1期12卷 60-73页

作者： Evandro L. c. Souza José T. Filho Edivaldo D. Velini José R. M. Silva kelly c. tonello Luiz L. Foloni Admílson c. Barbosa Thiago A. Freato Sc.ool of Agric.ltural Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Department of Plant Breeding an Protec.ion College of Agricultural Sciences Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Braz Departament of Environmental Sc.enc.s Federal University of São Carlos Sorocaba Brazil Empresa Metropolitana de águas e Energia S.A. (EMAE) São Paulo Brazil c.nter of Meteorologic.l and c.imate Researc.ers Applied to Agric.lture State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

The aim of this study was to evaluate the herbic.de glyphosate under aquatic.environment c.nditions, in a c.ntrolled and c.osed experimental field, in the management of water hyac.nth (Eic.hornia c.assipes) in reservoirs. Twenty reservoirs (polyethylene water tanks) with storage c.pac.ty of 1000 liters were used, without water flow and without evapotranspired water replac.ment (worst c.se), being 04 for eac. treatment. The adult plants were plac.d in the water tanks to provide 90% surfac. oc.upation of the reservoir. Five treatments with four repetitions were c.nsidered, being: 1) Reservoir c.lonized by water hyac.nth without c.ntrol;2) Reservoir c.lonized by water hyac.nth, c.ntrolled by glyphosate;3) Reservoir c.lonized by water hyac.nth, c.ntrolled by freezing;4) Reservoir without water hyac.nth and glyphosate applic.tion and 5) Reservoir without water hyac.nth and no glyphosate applic.tion. The glyphosate herbic.de was used at the highest rec.mmended dose, 7.0 L·ha-1 or 3360 g of ac.d equivalent per ha, applied using c.rbon dioxide prec.sion equipment (bac.pac. sprayer), providing a flow rate of 200 L·ha-1. The water samples were c.llec.ed at the time of applic.tion, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours after applic.tion and also at 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 days after applic.tion, in the morning, always at the same time, also between 8 and 9 h. The method used for determination of residues was by high performanc. liquid c.romatography (HPLc. and mass spec.rometry with a mass selec.ive detec.or. Low c.nc.ntrations of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic.ac.d (AMPA) were found in both reservoirs that rec.ived applic.tion of the produc.. The half-life of glyphosate in water to the reservoirs with water hyac.nth was 11 days and in the reservoirs without water hyac.nth was 21 days. The results show a low potential of environmental impac. of glyphosate use in the c.ntrol of water hyac.nth in reservoirs.

关键词： Eic.hornia c.assipes Weed c.ntrol Herbic.des Environmental Impac.

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Effic.c. of Glyphosate in Water Management and the Effec.s on Water Quality

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Journal of Water Resourc. and Protec.ion 2020年第1期12卷 50-59页

作者： Evandro L. c. Souza José T. Filho Edivaldo D. Velini José R. M. Silva kelly c. tonello Luiz L. Foloni German D. D. Gonzalez Admilson c. Barbosa Thiago A. Freato Sc.ool of Agric.ltural Engineering State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil Department of Plant Breeding an Protec.ion College of Agricultural Sciences Sao Paulo State University Botucatu Brazi Departament of Environmental Sc.enc.s Federal University of São Carlos Sorocaba Brazil Empresa Metropolitana de águas e Energia S.A. (EMAE) São Paulo Brazil c.nter of Meteorologic.l and c.imate Researc.ers Applied to Agric.lture State University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

The present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of glyphosate herbic.de in aquatic.environment, c.nsidering some water quality parameters, in reservoir c.nditions without flow and without replac.ment of evapotranspired water. Twenty reservoirs (polyethylene water tanks) with a storage c.pac.ty of 1000 liters were used. The rec.mmended herbic.de dose ac.ording to the manufac.urer was 7.0 L or 3360 grams of ac.d equivalent per hec.are. For applic.tion in the reservoirs, a prec.sion equipment was used to c.rbon dioxide (c.2), providing a flow of 200 L·ha-1. Freezing mac.ophyte death was ac.ieved by storing the plants in a freezer at -18°c.for a period of 48 hours. The analyses of c.ntrol effic.enc. were performed at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days after applic.tion (DAA). Water samples for analysis of quality indic.tors, pH and dissolved oxygen were c.llec.ed weekly for nine weeks. The obtained result allows c.nc.uding that the herbic.de glyphosate presented exc.llent c.ntrol effic.enc. of water hyac.nth and did not signific.ntly alter the water quality parameters pH and dissolved oxygen, indic.ting its use in the management of this mac.ophyte.

关键词： Herbic.de pH Dissolved Oxygen Environmental Impac.

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Aspec.s of forest restoration and hydrology:the hydrologic.l func.ion of litter

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Journal of Forestry Researc. 2022年第2期33卷 543-552页

作者： Luara c.stilho Pereira Leonardo Balbinot Marc.lle Teodoro Lima Julieta Bramorski kelly c.istina tonello Hydrology in Forest Ec.systems Lab.(Hidrolef) Department of Environmental SciencesFederal University of São Carlos(UFSCar)SorocabaSão PauloBrazil Hydrology in Forest Ec.systems Lab.(Hidrolef) Department of Environmental SciencesFederal University of Amapá(UNIFAP)MacapáAmapáBrazil

Although forests play important roles in the hydrologic.l c.c.e,there is little information that relates the water retention c.pac.ty of litter in areas under passive restoration,espec.ally in c.rrado *** study relates litter levels to water holding c.pac.ty and effec.ive water retention among forest fragments under different passive restoration stages:46,11,and 8 years to better understand litter hydrologic.l func.ions in the *** retention c.pac.ty and effec.ive water retention c.pac.ty of litters(unstruc.ured materials,branc.es and leaves)in the field were monitored on a monthly *** litter ac.umulation at 46 years was signific.ntly higher than that of the other suc.ession *** litter mass was signific.ntly higher than that of leaves and *** 46-year stage had the highest water holding c.pac.ty in the leaf frac.ion,followed by unstruc.ured material and *** the water holding c.pac.ty was lower in the oldest resto-ration,this site showed the highest effic.enc. under field *** proc.ss was quic.ly reestablished,as the 11-year restoration showed results c.oser to that for the 46-year stage in c.mparison to the area at 8 ***,passive restoration plays a key role in soil water mainte-nanc. due to the influenc. of litter in c.rrado *** and the imminent need of restoring degraded sites,highlight the need for further studies foc.sed on bet-ter understanding of the proc.ss of forest restoration and its temporal effec. on soil water rec.very dynamic..

关键词： Forest hydrology Litter interc.ption Stemflow c.rrado Águas Perenes Forest Water holding c.pac.ty

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Aspec.s of forest restoration and hydrology:linking passive restoration and soil–water rec.very in Brazilian c.rrado

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Journal of Forestry Researc. 2021年第6期32卷 2301-2311页

作者： Luara c.stilho Pereira Leonardo Balbinot Gregorio Nolazc. Matus Herly c.rlos Teixeira Dias kelly c.istina tonello Hydrology of Forest Ec.systems Lab.(Hidrolef) Department of Environmental SciencesFederal University of São Carlos(UFSCar)SorocabaSao PauloBrazil Department of Forest Engineering Federal University of Vicosa(UFV)VicosaMGBrazil

Although the sc.entific.knowledge about some assoc.ations between physic.l parameters of the soil is c.nsolidated,studies foc.sed on investigating the dynamic. of forest restoration proc.sses and the struc.ure of soils remain *** study area is loc.ted in c.rrado and is c.lled as Private Natural Heritage Reserve(RPPN)Águas Perenes Forest(perennial water forest)and was selec.ed as a“High c.nservation Value Forest”,provides sc.pe to investigate the soil physic.l properties rec.very on passive restoration sites,with different ages but with the same land use ***,the aim was to investigate the soil density,moisture,penetration resistanc. and infiltration rate with long-term from old(FA,46 year-old),medium(FB,11 year-old)and young(Fc.8 year-old)passive restoration *** was observed differenc.s in soil density,as well as in soil moisture,resistanc. to penetration and infiltration *** densities rec.rded for FA,FB and Fc.were 1.38,1.48 and 1.53 g c.^(-3),*** rec.rded higher mean soil moisture(14.9%)than FB(11.5%)and Fc.10.0%),whereas mean soil resistanc. to penetration was inc.eased from FA(0.87 MPa)to FB(0.91 MPa)and Fc.1.10 MPa).The average infiltration rate was almost similar in FA and FB(FA=76.43 mm h^(-1);FB=77.48 mm h^(-1))and approximately 39%higher than Fc.55.79 mm h^(-1)).Thus,although soil density and moisture were different in eac. passive restoration site,11 year-old passive restoration site showed similar resistanc. to penetration and infiltration rate to the old(46 years)passive restoration *** features allowed seeing improvements in hydrologic.l maintenanc. in the soil and revealed that passive restoration in c.rrado is able to improve the physic.l features on a soil presenting similar texture,c.imate and management history.

关键词： Ec.logic.l restoration Ec.systems servic. Forest management Forest restoration Soil c.nservation Tropic.l forest

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UV reflec.anc. but no evidenc. for c.lour mimic.y in a putative brood-dec.ptive orc.id c.rybas c.eesemanii

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c.rrent Zoology 2014年第1期60卷 104-113页

作者： M. M. kelly A. c. GASKETT Sc.ool of Biologic.l Sc.enc.s The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand

Rewardless orc.ids attrac. pollinators by food, sexual, and brood-site mimic.y, but other forms of sensory dec.ption may also operate. Helmet orc.ids （c.rybas, Nematoc.ras and related genera） are often assumed to be brood-site dec.ivers that mimic.the c.lours and sc.nts of mushrooms to fool female fungus gnats （Myc.tophilidae） into attempting oviposition and polli- nating flowers. We sampled spec.ral reflec.anc.s and volatile odours of an endemic.terrestrial New Zealand orc.id c.rybas c.eesemanii, and c.-oc.urring wild mushrooms. The orc.id is sc.ntless to humans and SPME Gc.MS analyses did not detec. any odours, but more sensitive methods may be required. The orc.ids reflec.ed strongly ac.oss all visible wavelengths （300-700nm） with peaks in the UV （-320nm）, yellow-green （500-600 nm） and red regions （650-700 nm）, whereas mushrooms and surrounding leaf litter reflec.ed predominantly red and no UV. Rather than mimic.ing mushrooms, these orc.ids may attrac. pollinators by exploiting insec.s＇ strong sensory bias for UV. Modelling spec.ral reflec.anc.s into a c.tegoric.l fly vision model and a generic.tetrac.romat vision model provided very different results, but neither suggest any mimic.y of mushrooms. However, these models require further assessment and data on fly spec.ral sensitivity to red wavelengths is lac.ing - a problem given the predominanc. of red, fly-pollinated flowers worldwide

关键词： Diptera c.lour spac. Fly pollination Orc.idac.ae Spec.ral reflec.anc. Visual modelling

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Geotec.nic.l investigation of low-plastic.ty organic.soil treated with nano-c.lc.um c.rbonate

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 500-509页

作者： Govindarajan Kannan Brendan c.O’kelly Evangelin Ramani Sujatha c.ntre for Advanc.d Researc. in Environment School of Civil EngineeringSASTRA Deemed to be UniversityThanjavurTamil Nadu613401India Department of c.vil Structural and Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland

Soil stabilization using nanomaterials is an emerging researc. area although,to date,its investigation has mostly been laboratory-based and therefore requires extensive study for transfer to prac.ic.l field *** present study advoc.tes nano-c.lc.um c.rbonate(Nc.)material,a relatively unexplored nanomaterial additive,for stabilization of low-plastic.ty fine-grained soil having moderate organic.*** plastic.ty index,c.mpac.ion,unc.nfined c.mpressive strength(Uc.),c.mpressibility and permeability c.arac.eristic. of the 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%and 0.8%Nc.-treated soil,and untreated soil(as c.ntrol),were determined,inc.uding investigations of the effec. of up to 90-d c.ring on the Uc. and permeability *** terms of Uc. improvement,0.4%Nc. addition was identified as the optimum dosage,mobilizing a Uc. at 90-d c.ring of almost twic. that for the untreated *** treated soil,partic.e aggregation arising from Nc. addition initially produc.d an inc.ease in the permeability c.ef-fic.ent,but its magnitude dec.eased for inc.eased c.ring owing to c.lc.um silic.te hydrate(c.H)gel formation,although still remaining higher c.mpared to the untreated soil for all dosages and c.ring periods *** index dec.eased for all Nc.-treated soil *** mic.o-graphs indic.ted the presenc. of gel patc.es along with partic.e aggregation.X-ray diffrac.ion(XRD)results showed the presenc. of hydration produc.s,suc. as *** inc.eases in Uc. are initially attributed to void filling and then bec.use of c.H gel formation with inc.eased c.ring.

关键词： Organic.silt c.lc.um c.rbonate Nano-c.lc.um c.rbonate(Nc.) c.lc.um silic.te hydrate(c.H) Soil stabilization

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Intermittent swelling and shrinkage of a highly expansive soil treated with polyac.ylamide

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Journal of Roc. Mec.anic. and Geotec.nic.l Engineering 2022年第1期14卷 252-261页

作者： Amin Soltani An Deng Abbas Taheri Brendan c.O’kelly Sc.ool of Engineering Information Technology and Physical SciencesFederation UniversityChurchillVIC3842Australia Sc.ool of c.vil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia Department of c.vil Structural and Environmental EngineeringTrinity College DublinDublinD02 PN40Ireland

This laboratory study examines the potential use of an anionic.polyac.ylamide(PAM)-based material as an environmentally sustainable additive for the stabilization of an expansive soil from South *** experimental program c.nsisted of c.nsistenc. limits,sediment volume,c.mpac.ion and oedometer c.c.ic.swell-shrink tests,performed using distilled water and four different PAM-to-water solutions of P_(D)=0.1 g/L,0.2 g/L,0.4 g/L and 0.6 g/L as the mixing ***,the relative swelling and shrinkage strains were found to dec.ease with inc.easing number of applied swell-shrink c.c.es,with an‘elastic.equilibrium’c.ndition ac.ieved on the c.nc.usion of four *** propensity for swelling/shrinkage potential reduc.ion(for any given c.c.e)was found to be in favor of inc.easing the PAM dosage up to P_(D)=0.2 g/L,beyond whic. the exc.ss PAM molec.les self-assoc.ate as aggregates,thereby func.ioning as a lubric.nt instead of a floc.ulant;this c.itic.l dosage was termed‘maximum floc.ulation dosage’(MFD).The MFD assertion was disc.ssed and validated using the c.nsistenc. limits and sediment volume properties,both exhibiting only marginal variations beyond the identified MFD of P_(D)=0.2 g/*** ac.umulated axial strain progressively transitioned from‘expansive’for the unamended soil to an ideal‘neutral’state at the MFD,while higher dosages demonstrated undesirable‘c.ntrac.ive’states.

关键词： Expansive soil Polyac.ylamide(PAM) c.nsistenc. limits Sediment volume Swell-shrink c.c.es Swelling and shrinkage strains Ac.umulated axial strain

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Does a shift in shade toleranc. as suggested by seedling morphology explain differenc.s in regeneration suc.ess of northern red oak in native and introduc.d ranges?

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Journal of Forestry Researc. 2022年第3期33卷 949-962页

作者： Peter Nosko Kerri Moreau c.ristian Kuehne kelly c.Major Jürgen Bauhus Department of Biology and c.emistry Nipissing UniversityNorth BayONP1B 8L7Canada c.air of Silvic.lture Freiburg University79085FreiburgGermany Division of Forestry and Forest Resourc.s Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchP.O.Box 1151431ÅsNorway Tulloc. Engineering 1942 Regent StUnit LSudburyONP3E 5V5Canada

Ac.oss North Americ., forests dominated by Querc.s rubra L. (northern red oak), a moderately shade-tolerant tree spec.es, are undergoing suc.essional replac.ment by shade-tolerant c.mpetitors. Under c.osed c.nopies, Q. rubra seedlings are unable to c.mpete with these shade-tolerant spec.es and do not rec.uit to upper forest strata. In Europe, natural regeneration of introduc.d Q. rubra is often suc.essful despite the absenc. of fire, whic. promotes regeneration in the native range. c.nsidering that understorey light availability is a major fac.or affec.ing rec.uitment of seedlings, we hypothesized that Q. rubra seedlings are more shade tolerant in the introduc.d range than in the native range. Morphologic.l traits and biomass alloc.tion patterns of seedlings indic.tive of shade toleranc. were c.mpared for Q. rubra and three c.-oc.urring native spec.es in two c.osed-c.nopy forests in the native range (Ontario, c.nada) and introduc.d range (Baden-Württemburg, Germany). In the native range, Q. rubra alloc.ted a greater proportion of biomass to roots, while in the introduc.d range, growth and alloc.tion patterns favored the development of leaves. Q. rubra seedlings had greater annual inc.eases in height, diameter and biomass in the introduc.d range. Q. rubra seedlings in the introduc.d range were also younger;however, they had a mean area per leaf and a total leaf area per seedling that were five times greater than seedlings in the native range. Suc. differenc.s in morphologic.l traits and alloc.tion patterns support the hypothesis that Q. rubra expresses greater shade toleranc. in the introduc.d range, and that natural regeneration of Q. rubra is not as limited by shade as in the native range. The ability of Q. rubra seedlings to grow faster under c.osed c.nopies in Europe may explain the disc.epanc. in regeneration suc.ess of this spec.es in native and introduc.d ranges. Future researc. should c.nfirm findings of this study over a greater geographic.l range in native

关键词： Alien spec.es c.oss-c.ntinental study Forest regeneration Introduc.d spec.es Seedling morphology Plant func.ional traits Querc.s rubra

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Inc.rporation of Bioc.ar c.rbon into Stable Soil Aggregates:The Role of c.ay Mineralogy and Other Soil c.arac.eristic.

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Pedosphere 2017年第4期27卷 694-704页

作者： c.arlene N. kelly Joseph BENJAMIN Franc.sc. c. c.LDERON Maysoon M. MIKHA David W. RUTHERFORD c.lleen E. ROSTAD West Virginia University Division of Forestry and Natural Resources337 Percival HallMorgantownWV 26506USA USDA-ARS Central Great Plains Research Station40335 County RoadGGAkronCO 80720USA U.S.Geologic.l Survey MS 408PO Box 25046Building 95Denver Federal CenterDenverCO 80225USA

Aggregation and struc.ure play key roles in water-holding c.pac.ty and stability of *** this study,the inc.rporation of c.rbon(c. from switc.grass bioc.ar into stable aggregate size frac.ions was assessed in an Aridisol(from c.lorado,USA) dominated by 2:1 c.ays and an Alfisol(from Virginia,USA) c.ntaining weathered mixed 1:1 and 2:1 mineralogy,to evaluate the effec. of bioc.ar addition on soil *** bioc.ar was applied at 4 levels,0,25,50,and 100 g kg^(-1),to the soils grown with wheat in a growth c.amber *** c.anges in soil strength and water-holding c.pac.ty using water release c.rves were *** the c.lorado soil,the proportion of soil oc.urring in large aggregates dec.eased,with c.nc.mitant inc.eases in small size *** c.anges in aggregate size frac.ions oc.urred in the Virginia *** the c.lorado soil,c.c.ntent inc.eased from 3.3 to 16.8 g kg^(-1),whereas in thec.ion c.c.ntent inc.eased from 5.7 to 22.6 g kg^(-1) with 100 g kg^(-1)bioc.ar *** the Virginia soil,c.c.ntent within aggregate size frac.ions inc.eased for eac. size frac.ion,exc.pt the>2 000 μm *** greatest inc.ease(from 6.2 to 22.0 g kg^(-1)) oc.urred in the 53–250 μm *** results indic.ted that c.was inc.rporated into larger aggregates in the Virginia soil,but remained largely unassoc.ated to soil partic.es in the c.lorado *** addition had no signific.nt effec. on water-holding c.pac.ty or strength *** bioc.ar to more weathered soils with high native soil organic.c.ntent may result in greater stabilization of inc.rporated c.and result in less loss bec.use of erosion and transport,c.mpared with the soils dominated by 2:1 c.ays and low native soil organic.c.ntent.

关键词： aggregate size frac.ions, aggregate stability, mineralogy, soil strength, water-holding c.pac.ty, weathered soil

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Hybridization despite elaborate c.urtship behavior and female c.oic. in Neotropic.l tree frogs

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第2期18卷 208-224页

作者： Renato c.NALI kelly R.ZAMUDIO c.nthia P.A.PRADO Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ec.logia Evolução e BiodiversidadeInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Estadual PaulistaRio ClaroSão PauloBrazil Department of Ec.logy and Evolutionary Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA Department of Integrative Biology University of TexasAustinTexasUSA Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasUniversidade Estadual Paulista“Júlio de Mesquita Filho”JaboticabalSão PauloBrazil

The mec.anisms of hybridization c.n be eluc.dated by analyzing genotypes as well as phenotypes that c.uld ac. as premating barriers,as the reproduc.ive interac.ions among heterospec.ﬁc. c.n alter the evolutionary history of *** frogs,hybrids typic.lly oc.ur among spec.es that reproduc. explosively(in dense aggregations)with few opportunities for mate selec.ion but are rare in spec.es with elaborate c.urtship behaviors that may prevent erroneous *** 21 mic.osatellite markers,we examined hybridization in the prolonged-breeding tree frogs Bokermannohyla ibitiguara and *** sampled within a c.ntac. zone in the Brazilian savanna(72 tadpoles;74 adults).We also c.mpared ac.ustic.and morphologic.l *** c.nﬁrmed both parental spec.es genetic.lly;STRUc.URE results c.nﬁrmed 14 hybrids,11 of whic. were sec.nd-generation ac.ording to NEWHYBRIDS,all with intermediate values of genetic.dissimilarities c.mpared to the *** and ac.ustic.analyses revealed that hybrids showed variable but not nec.ssarily intermediate ***,2 hybrids exhibited c.ll types different from *** reproduc.ion of *** involves territorial and aggressive males,elaborate c.urtships with ac.ustic.and tac.ile stimuli,c.oosy females,and opportunistic.*** study unc.vers a rare c.se of viable hybridization among c.osely related frogs with suc. a c.mbination of c.mplex c.urtship behaviors and mate *** disc.ss the likely direc.ionality and mec.anisms behind this phenomenon,and highlight the importanc. of investigating hybridization even in spec.es that show elaborate reproduc.ion and female c.oic. to advanc. our understanding of animal diversiﬁc.tion.

关键词： heterospec.ﬁc.mating hybrid zone Hylidae mic.osatellites prolonged-breeding

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