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Felsenstein＇s ＂one-allele model＂ of speciation： The role of philopatry in the initial stages of host plant mediated reproductive isolation in Enchenopa binotata

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Current Zoology 2013年第5期59卷 658-666页

作者： Frank W. STEARNS kelley j. TILMON Thomas K. WOOD Department of Biology Biology-Psychology Building University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Plant Science Plant Science Building South Dakota State University Brookings SD 57007 USA Department of Entomology and Applied Ecology 250 Townsend Hall University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA

The study of speciation genetics is primarily concerned with identifying the genetic traits that allow divergent selec- tion to overcome the homogenizing effects of gene flow. Felsenstein reviewed this race between gene flow and selection, con- cluding that speciation with gene flow was unlikely under a ＂two-allele model＂（where two traits were necessary for reproductive isolation） but that divergence could occur quite easily under a ＂one-allele model.＂ Despite this finding, much of the sympatric speciation research involving phytophagous insects has relied on a two-trait model, where insects evolve both preferences for and increased performance on novel host plants. Philopatry （a tendency to remain where one was born） is known to occur in phyto- phagous insects and is a single trait isolation mechanism. However, it is traditionally invoked as simply augmenting reproductive isolation. Species in the Enchenopa binotata complex are believed to have speciated in sympatry. They exhibit host plant prefe- rences, host specific performance advantages and strong philopatry. We experimentally shifted E. binotata to evolutionarily novel host plants. Previous research has demonstrated that the experimental population of insects possesses genetic variation in prefe- rence and performance to the novel host. The degree of philopatry at mating and egg-laying was assayed for the first four years under full choice conditions. Host plant preference and performance was assayed after eight years. Philopatry was an immediate and strong isolating mechanism, while preference for and performance on the novel host lagged. We therefore suggest that philo- patry may be a more important mechanism in the early stages of a host shift than previously believed [Current Zoology 59 （5）： 658-666, 2013].

关键词： Philopatry Enchenopa Ecological Speciation Sympatric Speciation

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Veterans health administration hepatitis B testing and treatment with anti-CD20 antibody administration

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第19期22卷 4732-4740页

作者： Christine M Hunt Lauren A Beste Elliott Lowy Ayako Suzuki Cynthia A Moylan Hans L Tillmann George N Ioannou joseph K Lim Michael j kelley Dawn Provenzale Department of Medicine Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC 27710 United States Department of Medicine Durham VA Medical Center Durham NC 27705 United States Department of Medicine Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA 98108 United States Health Services Research and Development Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA 98108 United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA 98195 United States University of Washington School of Public Health Seattle WA 98195 United States Department of Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock AR 72205 United States Division of Hepatology Central Arkansas Veterans Heathcare System Little Rock AR 72205 United States Department of Medicine Eastern Carolina University Greenville NC 27858 United States Yale Liver Center Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06520 United States Office of Patient Care Services Department of Veterans Affairs Washington DC 20420 United States Hematology-Oncology Service Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Durham NC 27705 United States Cooperative Studies Program Epidemiology Center-Durham Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Durham NC 27705 United States Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States

AIM: To evaluate pretreatment hepatitis B virus (HBV) testing, vaccination, and antiviral treatment rates in Veterans Affairs patients receiving anti-CD20 Ab for quality ***: We performed a retrospective cohort study using a national repository of Veterans Health Administration (VHA) electronic health record data. We identified all patients receiving anti-CD20 Ab treatment (2002-2014). We ascertained patient demographics, laboratory results, HBV vaccination status (from vaccination records), pharmacy data, and vital status. The high risk period for HBV reactivation is during anti-CD20 Ab treatment and 12 mo follow up. Therefore, we analyzed those who were followed to death or for at least 12 mo after completing anti-CD20 Ab. Pretreatment serologic tests were used to categorize chronic HBV (hepatitis B surface antigen positive or HBsAg+), past HBV (HBsAg-, hepatitis B core antibody positive or HBcAb+), resolved HBV (HBsAg-, HBcAb+, hepatitis B surface antibody positive or HBsAb+), likely prior vaccination (isolated HBsAb+), HBV negative (HBsAg-, HBcAb-), or unknown. Acute hepatitis B was defined by the appearance of HBsAg+ in the high risk period in patients who were pretreatment HBV negative. We assessed HBV antiviral treatment and the incidence of hepatitis, liver failure, and death during the high risk period. Cumulative hepatitis, liver failure, and death after anti-CD20 Ab initiation were compared by HBV disease categories and differences compared using the χ2 test. Mean time to hepatitis peak alanine aminotransferase, liver failure, and death relative to anti-CD20 Ab administration and follow-up were also compared by HBV disease ***: Among 19304 VHA patients who received anti-CD20 Ab, 10224 (53%) had pretreatment HBsAg testing during the study period, with 49% and 43% tested for HBsAg and HBcAb, respectively within 6 mo pretreatment in 2014. Of those tested, 2% (167/10224) had chronic HBV, 4% (326/7903) past HBV, 5%

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis B reactivation Anti-CD20 antibody Rituximab Lymphoma Chemotherapy Hepatitis B antivirals Vaccination Veteran

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Prediction of Impending Drought Scenarios Based on Surface and Subsurface Parameters in a Selected Region of Tropical Queensland, Australia

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journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第8期13卷 605-631页

作者： Bithin Datta Dilip Kumar Roy jonathan j. kelley Bradley Stevens Discipline of Civil Engineering College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville Australia Irrigation and Water Management Division Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur Bangladesh

Droughts occur in all climatic regions around the world costing a large expense to global economies. Reasonably accurate prediction of drought events helps water managers proper planning for utilization of limited water resources and distribution of available waters to different sectors and avoid catastrophic consequences. Therefore, a means to create a simplistic approach for forecasting drought conditions with easily accessible parameters is highly desirable. This study proposes and evaluates newly developed accurate prediction models utilizing various hydrologic, meteorological, and geohydrology parameters along with the use of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models with various forecast lead times. The present study develops a multitude of forecasting models to predict drought indices such as the Standard Precipitation Index with a lead-time of up to 6 months, and the Soil Moisture Index with a lead-time of 3 months. Furthermore, prediction models with the capability of approximating surface and groundwater storage levels including the Ross River Dam level have been developed with relatively high accuracy with a lead-time of 3 months. The results obtained from these models were compared to current values, revealing that ANN based approach can be used as a simple and effective predictive model that can be utilized for prediction of different aspects of drought scenarios in a typical study area like Townsville, North Queensland, Australia which had suffered severe recent drought conditions for almost six recent years (2014 to early 2019).

关键词： Drought Prediction Artificial Neural Network Prediction Model Dam Levels Aquifer Salinity Water Storage Townsville Queensland

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人工智能技术在延迟焦化上的应用

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石化译文 2001年第1期 45-49页

作者： j.j.kelley 高煜

市场压力迫使炼油厂家花最少的费用来提高装置的生产能力和产品质量，自动最优化的新方法变得越来越吸引人，模型预测控制（MPC）正在迅速成为工艺装置的基础结构的组成部分，自动基本原理已经成功地安装使用，在炼油工业的许多领域中... 详细信息

市场压力迫使炼油厂家花最少的费用来提高装置的生产能力和产品质量，自动最优化的新方法变得越来越吸引人，模型预测控制（MPC）正在迅速成为工艺装置的基础结构的组成部分，自动基本原理已经成功地安装使用，在炼油工业的许多领域中用于过程控制策略，提高了收率，延长了装置运行周期，然而实施这些模型需要非常熟练的操作人员，另外不需要技术娴熟的人员进行优化和维护，这与减少成本的经济压力相悖，此外，随着模型预测控制范围的增加，通常要求操作人员有很强的理解能力。

关键词：炼油人工智能技术延迟焦化应用模型预测控制

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Platelet-Rich Plasma for Androgenetic Alopecia:What the Dermatologist Needs to Know

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International journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第3期7卷 174-175页

作者： Shivali Devjani Ogechi Ezemma Kristen j.kelley Maryanne Makredes Senna Department of Dermatology Lahey Hospital&Medical CenterBurlingtonMA 01803USA Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02115USA

Platelet-rich plasma(PRP)has been used as a regenerative therapy for more than 30 years in wound healing,ortho-pedics,dentistry and cosmetics,and aesthetic *** is an autologous preparation of platelets in concentrated plasma at 2 to 7 times the normal concentration of whole blood.1 The popularity of PRP stems from its success rate,autologous nature,and absence of major adverse *** recent years,PRP has been successfully used as a treat-ment option for hair loss.

关键词： Platelet healing wound

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钙·钙调蛋白·植物激素的作用

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青岛大学学报(医学版) 1985年第2期 102-103页

作者： Graname j.kelley ,蔡孝良

植物中含有一些与动物十分不同的激素(包括植物生长素、细胞分化素、赤霉素和脱落酸),这些植物激素作用于生化水平的方式还不甚了解。类似哺乳动物组织中那些激素的作用机制未受到十分重视,部分是因为难以确定植物中有环状AMP的存在。因

关键词：钙调蛋白 Ca 激酶 NAD 植物激素植物生长调节物质细胞分化

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新代数 1版

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1988年

作者：（美）凯　利（kelley L.j.）周正中黄力平译

本书叙述了代数与解析几何学的基本知识。

ISBN: (纸本)7535101550

本书叙述了代数与解析几何学的基本知识。

关键词：代数解析几何

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想提振团队士气? 体验一场空难吧

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国际公关 2017年第3期 16-16页

作者： TYLER j.kelley 曹劼

19岁的康涅狄格大学（University of Connecticut）医科预科班学生蒙塔娜．伍兹（Montana Woods）和另外7人--2名大学生、4名私人教练公司教练和1家铺路公司的老板--把感恩节前的这个周六用来在康涅狄格州格罗顿的一个室内水池里学习如... 详细信息

19岁的康涅狄格大学（University of Connecticut）医科预科班学生蒙塔娜．伍兹（Montana Woods）和另外7人--2名大学生、4名私人教练公司教练和1家铺路公司的老板--把感恩节前的这个周六用来在康涅狄格州格罗顿的一个室内水池里学习如何在模拟的空难中求生。与之前的12万学员不同，这群人没有明显的水中求生训练需求。他们都在陆地上从事安全的工作。他们想学的是如何成为领导者，如何进行团队协作。

关键词：空难士气私人教练康涅狄格州大学生训练需求团队协作预科班

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What are extreme environmental conditions and how do organisms cope with them？

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Current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 363-374页

作者： john C. WINGFIELD j. Patrick kelley Frederic ANGELIER Department of Neurobiology Physiology and Behavior University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 U.S.A

Severe environmental conditions affect organisms in two major ways. The environment may be predictably severe such as in deserts, polar and alpine regions, or individuals may be exposed to temporarily extreme conditions through weather, presence of predators, lack of food, social status etc. Existence in an extreme environment may be possible, but then to breed or molt in addition can present major bottlenecks that have resulted in the evolution of hormone-behavior adaptations to cope with unpredictable events. Examples of hormone-behavior adaptations in extreme conditions include attenuated testosterone secretion because territoriality and excess courtship may be too costly when there is one opportunity to reproduce. The individual may even become insensitive to testosterone when target areas of the brain regulating reproductive behavior no longer respond to the hormone. A second example is reduced sensitivity to glucocorticoids following acute stress during the breeding season or molt that allows successful reproduction and/or a vital renewal of the integument to endure extreme conditions during the rest of the year. Reduced sensitivity could involve：（a） modulated response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, （b） reduced sensitivity to high glucocorticoid levels, or （c） a combination of （a） and （b）. Moreover, corticosteroid binding proteins （CBP） buffer responses to stress by reducing the movement of glucocorticoids into target cells. Finally, intracellular enzymes （11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and variants） can deactivate glucocorticoids entering cells thus reducing interaction with receptors. These mechanisms have important implications for climate change and increasing extremes of weather [Current Zoology 57 （3）： 363-374, 2011].

关键词： Extreme environment Habitat configuration Glucocorticoids Stress response Corticosteroid-binding proteins Behavior

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局灶性晚期外阴癌术前放、化疗

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 35-35页

作者： Gerszten K Selvaraj R.N kelley j Faul C 朱亮 Department of Radiation Oncology University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute UPMC Cancer Pavillon (POB II) 5150 Centre Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15232 United States

A twice daily (BID) radiation treatment schedule (interval of 4- 6 h) delivered concurrent with chemotherapy for advanced or critically located carcinoma of the vulva was modeled on the schema developed by the Gynecology Oncology Group (GOG). Inguinal nodes were included in the treatment fields even if clinically negative. This review analyzed the outcomes using this approach. Methods. A retrospective review was conducted of the records of 18 patients with vulvar cancer. Patients were treated with a modified GOG schema using 5- fluorouracil (5FU) and cisplatin with BID radiation treatments during the first and last weeks of treatment and seven daily radiation treatments in between. The regional nodes and primary tumor were prescribed 44.6 Gy. Resection of the primary tumor bed and inguinal dissection was planned at 4- 6 weeks post-treatment. Clinical and pathological responses as well as locoregional control and toxicity were assessed. Results. All patients responded. There were 13/18 complete clinical responses (cCR), of whom 12 remained NED at 25 months. Of the five partial clinical response (cPR) patients, two have suffered local recurrences, despite surgical resection in one and electron boost in the other. All patients developed a desquamative perineal skin reaction necessitating a mean treatment break of 15 days. No severe hematological toxicity was encountered, and only one patient had grade 3 small bowel toxicity. One patient required surgical debridement for groin wound breakdown. Conclusion. The use of BID chemoradiation resulted in complete or partial responses in all cases. Post-treatment groin dissection can be performed without significant post-operative complications.

关键词：腹股沟淋巴结局部淋巴结尿嘧啶毒性反应妇科肿瘤原发瘤临床反应会阴皮肤原发肿瘤临床病理

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