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Evaluation of Ear and Facial Indices of Ibibio and Efik Female Children of Akwa Ibom and Cross River States, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 1-8页

作者： Nsikak Michael Umoh kelechi chinkata ur.akpa Eru Eru Mba Michael Effiong Oku Theresa Isamoh Nnenna Williams Eric Agim Agaba Samson Omini Paulinus John Emah Gabriel Udo-Affah Department of Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria

Background: The ear and face are indispensable and distinctive features for hearing and identification. Objectives: This study was designed to generate anthropometric data of the ear and facial indices of females of Efik and Ibibio children in Cross River and Akwa Ibom States, show morphological and aesthetic differences and ethnicity. Methods: A total of 600 female children (300 Efiks and 300 Ibibios) aged 2 to 10 years that met the inclusion criteria were chosen from selected primary schools in Calabar Municipality, Calabar South of Cross River State and from Uyo, Itu of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Standardized measurements of face length, face width, ear length, and ear width were taken with a spreading caliper;the facial (proscopic) and ear (auricular) indices were determined. Results: Efik subjects presented a mean face length of 8.36 ± 0.06 cm, face width of 11.04 ± 0.04 cm, ear length of 4.92 ± 0.02 cm, and ear width of 3.06 ± 0.01 cm. Ibibio subjects had mean values for face length, face width, ear length, and ear width as 8.17 ± 0.05 cm, 10.75 ± 0.05 cm, 4.77 ± 0.03 cm, and 2.94 ± 0.02 cm respectively. The mean facial index and ear index for Efik subjects were 75.68 ± 0.31 and 62.16 ± 0.27 respectively;while the mean facial and ear indices for Ibibio subjects were 74.79 ± 0.36 and 61.80 ± 0.34 respectively. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences in face length, ear length, ear width and facial index, with the Efik subjects having higher values than Ibibio subjects (p Conclusion: The results showed hypereuryproscopic face as the prevalent face type among females of both ethnic groups, therefore can be of importance in sex, ethnic, and racial differentiation, and in clinical practice, aesthetics and forensic medicine.

关键词： Anthropometry Ear Facial Indices Identification Nigeria

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Integrated Geological and Geophysical Mapping for Groundwater Potential Studies at Ekwegbe-Agu and Environs, Enugu State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第4期14卷 513-547页

作者： Charles Chibueze Ugbor Ugochukwu Kingsley Ogbodo Osita kelechi Eze Department of Geology University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

The study integrates both the geological and geophysical mapping techniques for groundwater potential studies at Ekwegbe-Agu and the environs, Enugu state, Nigeria for optimal citing of borehole. Located in the Anambra Basin between latitudes 6˚43'N and 6˚47'N and longitudes 7˚28'E and 7˚32'E, it is stratigraphycally underlain by, from bottom to top, the Enugu/Nkporo, Mamu and Ajali Formation respectively, a complex geology that make citing of productive borehole in the area problematic leading to borehole failure and dry holes due to inadequate sampling. The study adopted a field and analytic sampling approach, integrating field geological, electrical resistivity and self-potential methods. The software, SedLog v3.1, InterpexIx1Dv.3, and Surfer v10 were employed for the data integration and interpretation. The result of the geological field and borehole data shows 11 sedimentary facies consisting of sandstone, shales and heterolith of sandstone/shale, with the aquifer zone mostly prevalent in the more porous sand-dominated horizons. Mostly the AK and HK were the dominant curve types. An average of 6 geo-electric layers were delineated across all transects with resistivity values ranging from 25.42 - 105.85 Ωm, 186.38 - 3383.3 Ωm, and 2992 - 6286.4 Ωm in the Enugu, Mamu and Ajali Formations respectively. The resistivity of the main aquifer layer ranges from 1 to 500 Ωm. The aquifer thickness within the study area varies between 95 and 140 m. The western and northwestern part of the study area which is underlain mainly by the Ajali Formation showed the highest groundwater potential in the area and suitable for citing productive boreholes.

关键词： Seismic Ekwegbe-Agu Groundwater Resistivity Field Mapping Borehole Logging

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Pore pressure prediction in offshore Niger delta using data-driven approach: Implications on drilling and reservoir quality

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能源地球科学(英文) 2023年第3期4卷 252-265页

作者： Joshua Pwavodi Ibekwe N.kelechi Perekebina Angalabiri Sharon Chioma Emeremgini Vivian O.Oguadinma Univ.Grenoble Alpes Univ.Savoie Mont BlancCNRSIRDUGEISTerre38000GrenobleFrance TotalEnergies SA CSTJF Avenue Larribau64000PauFrance Centre of Excellence in Petroleum Geoscience and Engineering University of BeninBenin CityEdo StateNigeria Univ.Lille CNRSUniv.Littoral Cote d’OpaleUMR 8187LOGLaboratoire d’Oceanologie et de Geosciences59000LilleFrance

Despite exploration and production success in Niger Delta,several failed wells have been encountered due to ***,it is very essential to understand the spatial distribution of pore pressure and the generating mechanisms in order to mitigate the pitfalls that might arise during *** research provides estimates of pore pressure along three offshore wells using the Eaton's transit time method,multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network(MLP-ANN)and random forest regression(RFR)*** results show that there are three pressure magnitude regimes:normal pressure zone(hydrostatic pressure),transition pressure zone(slightly above hydrostatic pressure),and over pressured zone(significantly above hydrostatic pressure).The top of the geopressured zone(2873 mbRT or 9425.853 ft)averagely marks the onset of overpressurization with the excess pore pressure above hydrostatic pressure(P∗)varying averagely along the three wells between 1.06−24.75 *** results from the three methods are self-consistent with strong correlation between the Eaton's method and the two machine learning *** models have high accuracy of about>97%,low mean absolute percentage error(MAPE0.98).Our results have also shown that the principal generating mechanisms responsible for high pore pressure in the offshore Niger Delta are disequilibrium compaction,unloading(fluid expansion)and shale diagenesis.

关键词： Niger Delta Pore pressure Reservoir Fracturing pressure Artifidal neural network Machine leaming algorithm Random forest regression

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Design of a Low-Cost Air Quality Monitoring System Using Arduino and ThingSpeak

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 151-169页

作者： Anabi Hilary kelechi Mohammed H.Alsharif Chidumebi Agbaetuo Osichinaka UbadikeAlex Aligbe Peerapong Uthansakul Raju Kannadasan Ayman A.Aly Department of Aerospace Engineering College of EngineeringAirForce Institute of TechnologyKadunaNigeria Department of Electrical Engineering College of Electronics and Information EngineeringSejong UniversitySeoul05006Korea Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Engineering College of EngineeringCovenant UniversityCanaanlandOtaP.M.B 1023OgunNigeria School of Telecommunication Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon RatchasimaThailand Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sri Venkateswara College of EngineeringChennai602117India Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

The impact of daily emissions of gaseous and particulate pollutants of machines and industries on human health and the environment has attracted increasing *** impact has significantly led to a notable increase in mortality in the highly industrialized ***,monitoring air quality and creating public awareness are important for a safer future,which led the governments globally to investmulti-billion in policymaking and solution stratification to address the *** study aims to design a realtime Internet of Things low-cost air quality monitoring *** system utilizes air quality and carbon monoxide sensors for monitoring gaseous ***,the system utilizes an Arduino Nano development board equipped with a WiFi module to effectively send readings to a ThingSpeak online channel platformfor instantaneous and real-time display of air *** ThingSpeak uses HTTP protocols to send emails in raising awareness of poor air *** level of concentration is monitored graphically through channels with the help of ThingSpeak to aid remote *** value is ***,when pollutants have become unhealthy and harmful,the system trips off an alarm,and e-mail notifications are sent to the *** results have shown that the work was successfully implemented a design of a low-cost air quality monitoring system using Arduino and ThingSpeak,showing that an air quality system can be implemented using a low-cost technology,Arduino and ThingSpeak.

关键词： IoT air quality MQ 135 sensor MQ-7 sensor air pollution

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Design and Evaluation of a Distributed Security Framework for the Internet of Things

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2022年第1期13卷 1-23页

作者： kelechi G. Eze Cajetan M. Akujuobi The Center of Excellence for Communication Systems Technology Research (CECSTR) Department of Electrical Engineering Prairie View A & M University Prairie View USA

The adopters of IoT face challenges with the surging Internet-based attacks on their IoT assets and inefficiencies within the technology. Unfortunately, IoT is overly distributed, still evolving and facing implementation and security challenges. Given the above scenario, we argue that the IoT network should always be decentralized design, and security should be built by design. The paper is the design and construction of a decentralized IoT security framework, with the goal of making emerging IoT systems more resilient to attacks and supporting complex communication and resource sharing. The framework improves efficiency and scalability in IoT, exposes vulnerable subsystems and components as possible weak links to system compromise, and meets the requirements of a heterogeneous computing environment. Other features of the framework including efficient resource sharing, fault tolerance, and distributed storage support the Internet of Things. We discuss the design requirements and carry out the implementation of Proof of Concept and evaluation of our framework. Two underlying technologies: the actor model and the blockchain were used for the implementation. Our reason for choosing the actor model and blockchain is to compare its suitability for IoT integration in parallel. Hence, evaluation of the system is performed based on computational and memory efficiency, security, and scalability. We conclude from the evaluations that the actor-based implementation has better scalability than the block-chain-based implementation. Also, the blockchain seems to be computationally more intensive than the actors and less suitable for IoT systems.

关键词： Actor Model Blockchain Security Framework Internet of Things

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Some Haematological Parameters in Primary Hypertensive Subjects Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 69-77页

作者： Eledo Benjamin Onyema Akanno kelechi Ajugwo Anslem Onuoha Emmanuel Chinedu Department of Medical Laboratory Science Madonna University Elele Nigeria Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science Federal University Otuoke Nigeria

Background: Hypertension is a persistent elevation of blood pressure in the arteries which if not properly managed can lead to stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease and other life threatening outcomes. This study investigated some haematological parameters of Primary hypertensive subjects. Objectives: To compare some haematological parameters (haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, Platelets count, White Blood Cells count, red blood cell count and Red Cells Indices between hypertensive and normotensive subjects. Materials and methods: Blood samples were collected from 76 known hypertensive subjects between 30 - 70 years attending the Cardiology clinic of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital Gwagwalada. Another 37 normotensive subjects between 30 - 65 years served as the control. All subjects gave their consents. Platelets count, Haemoglobin estimation, Packed Cell Volume, Red Blood Cell Count, Mean Cell Volume, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration and White Blood Cell count were determined using Mythic 22 five parts haematology analyzer. Results: Results for Hypertensive and Control subjects were, White Blood Cell, 5.76 ± 1.45 × 109/l and 4.76 ± 1.03 × 109/l, Platelet count, 248.7552.45 × 109/l and 284.95 ± 27.66 × 109/l, Mean Cell Volume, 91.81 ± 3.05 fl and 85.68 ± 6.48 fl, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, 30.59 ± 1.04 pg and 27.922 ± 2.74 pg, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration, 33.34 ± 0.61 g/dl and 32.32 ± 0.93 g/dl, Red Blood Cell, 4.33 ± 0.39 × 109/l and 4.50 ± 0.52 × 109/l, Packed Cell Volume, 39% ± 3.15% and 40% ± 4.41% and Haemoglobin, 13.21 ± 1.10 g/dl and 13.50 ± 1.63 g/dl respectively. Mean Cell Volume, Mean Cell Haemoglobin, Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (Red cells indices) were significantly higher in hypertensive compared to normotensive subjects (P 0.05), total White Blood Cell count was also higher in hypertensive than normote

关键词： Hypertension Haematological Parameters Tertiary Hospital Nigeria

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Design and Simulation of an Inverter Drive System with a Display for a Renewable Energy System in the Rural Isolated Communities of Uganda

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第12期10卷 1-14页

作者： Mustafa Mundu Muhamad David Kibirige Afam Uzorka Ukagwu kelechi John Department of Electrical Telecommunication and Computer Engineering School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Kampala Uganda Department of Physical Sciences School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Kampala Uganda

In medical diagnostics, therapeutic, laboratory, intensive care unit devices, and machines application, two form of Electrical Energy is utilized. Alternatives current (AC) and Direct current (DC) form. In this paper an inverter driver system with a display model is made using MATLAB and its specific tool box of Simulink, the process will involve converting single phase alternating current power to direct current using rectifier made from ordinary normal diodes then converted to three phase using three-arm insulated gate bipolar transistors this is commonly known as inverter bridge which is sufficient enough to run three phase loads depending on the application requirement. The system uses a five-level inverter with low levels of distortions and ripples in the equipment output, this increase and improves the performance of the system. Using carefully selected passive and active elements such as capacitor resistors, inductors, diodes, and transistor system in inverter, decreases the number of switches and boosts the efficiency of the system. This inverter drive system helps us to run three phase machines in the health facility at the same frequency of single phase. The inverter system allows a smaller smoothing capacitor in the DC-AC link as proposed. Large smoothing capacitors are conventionally essential in such converters to absorb power ripple at twice the frequency of the power supply. The proposed network topology consists of an indirect matrix converter and an active snubber to absorb the power ripple, and does not necessitate a reactor or large smoothing capacitor. Simulation result is shown using MATLAB software and used to verify system operation principle as well as circuit development and their control mechanism for a single-to-three-phase power inverter system. The results from experiment show that for a 1 kW-class prototype circuit system, the power ripple at twice the frequency of the power supply can be adequately suppressed using a buffer capacitor o

关键词： Inverter Renewable Energy Simulink Health Facilities Uganda

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Radioprotective Potencies of Allium Cepa Extract (ACE) against Radiation-Induced Hepatoxicity in Wistar Rats

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2023年第3期12卷 59-83页

作者： Sylvester kelechi Kenneth Okeke Francisca Nneka Agwu Kenneth Kalu Attah Okwudili Joseph Deparrtment of Radiation and Clinical Oncology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Medical Radiography Faculty of Health Science University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Background and Purpose: All types of ionizing radiations generate ions which can lead to the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess production of free radicals or decrease in antioxidants level leads to oxidative stress. It is a harmful process that induces damage to cell structures, lipids, proteins, RNA and DNA which leads to a number of diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of plant extract (Allium Cepa Extract (ACE)) on the kidney of wistar rats exposed to radiation using and assaying some biochemical enzymes. Material and Method: 60 wistar rats weighing 170 ± 20 g were equally divided into six groups for the study. Group 1 (control): neither received ACE nor irradiation. Group 2 (ACE): received 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE. Group 3 (4 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 4 (6 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 5 (ACE + 4 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 6 (ACE + 6 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg *** of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. All the groups received distilled water and feed ad libitum during the acclimatization and experimental periods. Four animals in each group were sacrificed 24 h after irradiation and the 4 remaining animals were sacrificed on day 29 for biochemical assay and histopathological evaluation, the statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the data editor SPSS version 28. Results: From the biochemical enzymes, the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in group 2 when compared to group 1 was almost the same, which was not statically significant with (p > 0.05), but groups 3 and 4 show a significant increase in the level of MDA with (p 0.05). The other enzymes like SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH followed suit. Conclusion: From the res

关键词： Allium Cepa Winstar RAT MDA SOD Hepatoxicity

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Minimization of Electric Power Losses on 132 kV and 220 kV Uganda Electricity Transmission Lines

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Energy and Power Engineering 2023年第2期15卷 127-150页

作者： Ounyesiga Living Stephen Ndubuisi Nnamchi kelechi John Ukagwu Abubakar Abdulkarim Zaid Oluwadurotimi Jagun Department of Electrical Telecom and Computer Engineering SEAS Kampala International University Kampala Uganda Department of Mechanical Engineering SEAS Kampala International University Kampala Uganda Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Department of Computer Engineering Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Nigeria

The classical minimization of power losses in transmission lines is dominated by artificial intelligence techniques, which do not guarantee global optimum amidst local minima. Revolutionary and evolutionary techniques are encumbered with sophisticated transformations, which weaken the techniques. Power loss minimization is crucial to the efficient design and operation of power transmission lines. Minimization of losses is one way to meet steady grid supply, especially at peak demand. Thus, this paper has presented a gradient technique to obtain optimal variables and values from the power loss model, which efficiently minimizes power losses by modifying the traditional power loss model that combines Ohm and Corona losses. Optimality tests showed that the unmodified model does not support the minimization of power losses on transmission lines as the Hessian matrix portrayed the maximization of power losses. However, the modified model is consistent with the gradient method of optimization, which yielded optimum variables and values from the power loss model developed in this study. The unmodified (modified) models for Bujagali-Kawanda 220 kV and Masaka West-Mbarara North 132 kV transmission lines in Uganda showed maximum power losses of 0.406 (0.391) and 0.452 (0.446) kW/km/phase respectively. These results indicate that the modified model is superior to the unmodified model in minimizing power losses in the transmission lines and should be implemented for the efficient design and operation of power transmission lines within and outside Uganda for the same transmission voltages.

关键词： Minimization Power Losses Transmission Lines Corona and Ohms Losses Transmission Model

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Assessment of cerebral oxygenation response to hemodialysis using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS):Challenges and solutions

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2021年第6期4卷 55-70页

作者： Ardy Wong Lucy Robinson Seena Soroush Aditi Suresh Dia Yang kelechi Madu Meera N.Harhay Kambiz Pourrezaei Drexel University School of Bioengineering Philadelphia Pennsylvania Department of Epidemiology&Biostatistics Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health Philadelphia Pennsylvania Drexel University College of Arts and Sciences Philadelphia Pennsylvania Department of Medicine Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia Pennsylvania Tower Health Transplant Institute Tower Health System West Reading Pennsylvania

To date,the clinical use of functional near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)to detect cerebral ischemia has been largely limited to surgical settings,where motion artifacts are *** this study,we present novel techniques to address the challenges of using NIRS to monitor ambu-latory patients with kidney disease during approximately eight hours of hemodialysis(HD)*** with end-stage kidney disease who require HD are at higher risk for cognitive impairment and dementia than age-matched *** studies have suggested that HD-related declines in cerebral blood flow might explain some of the adverse outcomes of HD ***,there are currently no established paradigms for monitoring cerebral per-fusion in real-time during HD *** this study,we used NIRS to assess cerebral hemo-dynamic responses among 95 prevalent HD patients during two consecutive HD *** observed substantial signal attenuation in our predominantly Black patient cohort that required probe *** also observed consistent motion artifacts that we addressed by devel-oping a novel NIRS methodology,called the HD cerebral oxygen demand algorithm(HD-CODA),to identify episodes when cerebral oxygen demand might be outpacing supply during HD *** then examined the association between a summary measure of time spent in cerebral deoxygenation,derived using the HD-CODA,and hemodynamic and treatment-related *** found that this summary measure was associated with intradialytic mean arterial pressure,heart rate,and volume *** studies should use the HD-CODA to implement studies of real-time NIRS monitoring for incident dialysis patients,over longer time frames,and in other dialysis modalities.

关键词： Motion artifact removal cerebral oxygenation end-stage kidney disease near-infrared spectroscopy

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