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The rice codebook: From reading to editing

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Molecular Plant 2022年第4期15卷 569-572页

作者： Kejian Wang Huanbin Zhou Qian Qian State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310006China State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China

Rice(Oryza sativa)is the main staple food crop that feeds more than half of the world's population.Given its relatively small genome size,abundant genetic resources,and highly efficient transformation technology,rice also remains as an excellent model system for monocot crops.In 2002,the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project(IRGSP)released the draft genome sequence of rice variety Nipponbare,the first crop genetic codebook deciphered right after the human genome(Yu et al.,2002).Since then,rice genome annotation,large-scale genome resequencing of diverse rice germplasm accessions,a comprehensive map of rice genome variations,and high-quality reference genome sequence,especially the gap-free reference genome,were completed successively in the next two decades along with the development of high-throughput DNA sequencing techniques(wang et al.,2018;Li et al.,2021;Song et al.,2021).Consequently,rice functional genomics research has boomed rapidly,greatly reshaping our knowledge of plant molecular biology and designed crop breeding.

关键词： sativa germplasm successively

Generation of marker-free transgenic rice using CRISPR/Cas9 system controlled by ?oral speci?c promoters

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第1期46卷 61-64页

作者： Junjie wang Chun wang Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Recently, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has been used as a powerful tool for genome editing in many species (Jinek et al., 2012;Cong et al., 2013;Wright et al., 2016;Li et al., 2017;Deng et al., 2018). The CR1SPR/Cas9 system can not only be used as a useful technology to disrupt endogenous genes but also expand numerous other applications, such as precise base editing (Komor et al., 2016;Zong et al., 2017), regulation of gene expression (Gilbert et al., 2013), and gene replacement or insertion (wang et al., 2017).

关键词： the CRISPR/Cas9 system expand numerous precise base

The power and versatility of genome editing tools in crop improvement

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2021年第9期63卷 1591-1594页

作者： Lanqin Xia Kejian Wang Jian-Kang Zhu Special Issue Editors 1.Institute of Crop Sciences(ICS) Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China

Increasing world population,global climate change,decreased farmland,environmental pollution and ecological deterioration represent unprecedent challenges for crop production to ensure global food security(Hickey et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021 a).It is estimated that by the year 2050,50% more food is needed to feed the increasing population(Bailey-Serres et al.,2019).Thus,it is urgent to boost crop production by using cutting-edge technologies.

关键词： farmland pollution boost

CRISPR/Cas systems: The link between functional genes and genetic improvement

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The Crop Journal 2021年第3期9卷 678-687页

作者： Yong Huang Huirong Dong Meiqi Shang Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

With the ever-increasing human population and deteriorating environmental conditions,there is an urgent need to breed environmentally friendly and resource-conserving rice cultivars to achieve sustainable agricultural development and food security.However,conventional rice improvement strategies,such as hybrid breeding,are time-consuming and laborious processes and may not be able to keep pace with increasing food demand in the future.Targeted genome-editing technologies,especially clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein(CRISPR/Cas),permit efficient targeted genome modification and offer great promise for the creation of desired plants with higher yield,improved grain quality,and resistance to herbicides,diseases,and insect pests.There is also great potential for tapping heterosis using the CRISPR/Cas technology.In this review,we focus on the most essential applications of CRISPR/Cas genome editing to rice genetic improvement,considering traits such as yield,quality,and herbicide,disease and insect-pest resistance.We discuss applications of CRISPR/Cas to the exploitation of heterosis.Finally,we outline perspectives for future rice breeding using genome-editing technologies.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas Genome editing Rice Application Heterosis

A simple and efficient method for CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutant screening

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2017年第4期44卷 207-213页

作者： Yufeng Hua Chun wang Jian Huang Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences Soochow University

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats（CRISPR）/CRISPR-associated protein 9（Cas9） system provides a technological breakthrough in mutant generation. Several methods such as the polymerase chain reaction（PCR）/restriction enzyme（RE） assay, T7 endonuclease I（T7EI） assay, Surveyor nuclease assay, PAGE-based genotyping assay, and high-resolution melting（HRM） analysis-based assay have been developed for screening CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants. However, these methods are timeand labour-intensive and may also be sequence-limited or require very expensive equipment. Here, we described a cost-effective and sensitive screening technique based on conventional PCR, annealing at critical temperature PCR（ACT-PCR）, for identifying mutants. ACT-PCR requires only a single PCR step followed by agarose gel electrophoresis. We demonstrated that ACT-PCR accurately distinguished CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants from wild type in both rice and zebrafish. Moreover, the method can be adapted for accurately determining mutation frequency in cultured cells. The simplicity of ACT-PCR makes it particularly suitable for rapid, large-scale screening of CRISPR/Cas9-induced mutants in both plants and animals.

关键词： ACT-PCR CRISPR/Cas9 Genome editing Mutant screening

Synthetic apomixis with normal hybrid rice seed production

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Molecular Plant 2023年第3期16卷 489-492页

作者： Xin Wei Chaolei Liu Xi Chen Hongwei Lu Jian wang Shenlin Yang Kejian Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Heterosis has long been exploited in the hybrid seed industry,which contributes to high and stable yields of modern agriculture(Huang et al.,2016).However,heterosis phenotypes of hybrid plants are segregated in its offspring.Apomixis allows instant fixation and propagation though seeds with heterozygous genotypes,showing great potential in plant breeding and agricultural practice(Ye and Cui,2019).Apomixis naturally occurs in hundreds of plant species,but it is absent in major crop species(Underwood and Mercier,2022).Recently,synthetic apomixis has been engineered in rice by combining Mitosis instead of Meiosis(MiMe)with a mutation of MATRILINEAL or ectopic expression of BABY BOOM1(BBM1),enabling clonal reproduction of F1 hybrids through seeds and stable transmission of heterotic phenotypes over generations(Khanday et al.,2019;wang et al.,2019;Liu et al.,2022).However,the fertility of both two strategies was significantly reduced compared with that of the wild type,which hinders the application of both strategies in agriculture.In this study,we established synthetic apomixis with a high fertility that is almost comparable to normal hybrid rice.

关键词： fertility breeding hundreds

Recent advances in CRISPR research

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Protein & Cell 2020年第11期11卷 786-791页

作者： Baohui Chen Yuyu Niu Haoyi wang Kejian Wang Hui Yang Wei Li Department of Cell Biology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research Institute of Primate Translational MedicineKunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310006China Institute of Neuroscience State Key Laboratory of NeuroscienceKey Laboratory of Primate NeurobiologyCAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence TechnologyShanghai Research Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired IntelligenceShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)technology has revolutionized life sciences and developed rapidly.Here,we highlight the recent advances in development and application of CRISPR technologies,including the discovery of novel CRISPR systems,CRISPR base editing and imaging,and the applications of CRISPR in plant breeding,animal breeding,disease modeling and biotherapy.

关键词： CRISPR breeding advances

Synergistic modification of the tribological properties of polytetrafluoroethylene with polyimide and boron nitride

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Friction 2021年第6期9卷 1474-1491页

作者： Chaojie XIE Kejian Wang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)blended with polyimide(PI)and filled with boron nitride(BN)is prepared through cold pressing and sintering for composites with remarkable wear resistance and reduced coefficient of friction(COF).The characterizations show that BN and PI at different levels,improve the hardness,dynamic thermo-mechanical modulus,thermal conductivity,and tribological properties of PTFE.PI boosts the dispersion and bonding of BN in PTFE.In dry sliding friction of a block-on-ring tribometer,the wear rate and COF of 10:10:80 BN/PI/PTFE reduce to almost 1/300 and 80%of those of pure PTFE,respectively,as the wear mechanism transition from being adhesive to partially abrasive.This occurs only when the additives BN and PI induce a synergistic effect,that is,at concentrations that are not higher than ca.10 wt%and 15 wt%,respectively.The obvious agglomeration at high percentages of added PI and severe conditions(400 N and 400 rpm)induce strong adhesive failure.The variations in the tensile properties,hardness,crystallization,and microstructure of the composites correspond to different effects.The multiple parameters of the plots of wear and friction are transformed into their contour curves.The mechanism transition maps aid in understanding the influence of various test conditions and composite compositions on the contact surfaces in the space-time framework of wear.

关键词： wear mechanism coefficient of friction(COF) transition map polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) polyimide(PI) boron nitride(BN)

Improving the efficiency of prime editing with epegRNAs and high-temperature treatment in rice

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2022年第11期65卷 2328-2331页

作者： Jinpeng Zou Xiangbing Meng Qing Liu Meiqi Shang Kejian Wang Jiayang Li Hong Yu Chun wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310006China State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing)Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture Guangzhou 510642China Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory Sanya 572025China

Dear Editor,Prime editing(PE)systems are important genome-editing tools developed for mediating arbitrary small DNA insertions,deletions and all 12 base-to-base conversions using a CRISPR-nCas9 fusion of an engineered... 详细信息

关键词： treatment editing