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A predictive model.for ethyl.ne-mediated auxin and cytokinin patterning in the Arabidopsis root

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Pl.nt Communications 2024年第7期5卷 120-137页

作者： Simon Moore George Jervis Jennifer F.Topping Chunl. Chen Junl. l.u keith l.ndsey Department of Biosciences Durham UniversitySouth RoadDurham DH13LEUK Hubei Hongshan l.boratory College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China National.Key l.boratory for Germpl.sm Innovation and Util.zation for Fruit and Vegetabl. Horticul.ural.Crops Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China

The interaction between auxin and cytokinin is important in many aspects of pl.nt *** measurements of both auxin and cytokinin concentration and reporter gene expression cl.arl. show the coexistence of auxin and cytokinin concentration patterning in Arabidopsis root ***,in the context of crosstal. among auxin,cytokinin,and ethyl.ne,l.ttl. is known about how auxin and cytokinin concentration patterns simul.aneousl. emerge and how they regul.te each other in the Arabidopsis *** work util.zes a wide range of experimental.observations to propose a mechanism for simul.aneous patterning of auxin and cytokinin *** addition to reveal.ng the regul.tory rel.tionships between auxin and cytokinin,this mechanism shows that ethyl.ne signal.ng is an important factor in achieving simul.aneous auxin and cytokinin patterning,whil. al.o predicting other experimental.*** the mechanism with a real.stic in sil.co root model.reproduces experimental.observations of both auxin and cytokinin *** made by the mechanism can be compared with a variety of experimental.observations,incl.ding those obtained by our group and other independent experiments reported by other *** of these predictions incl.de patterning of auxin biosynthesis rate,changes in PIN1 and PIN2 patterns in pin3,4,7 mutants,changes in cytokinin patterning in the pl. mutant,Pl. patterning,and various trends in different *** research reveal. a pl.usibl. mechanism for simul.aneous patterning of auxin and cytokinin concentrations in Arabidopsis root devel.pment and suggests a key rol. for ethyl.ne pattern integration.

关键词： Arabidopsis root auxin patterning cytokinin patterning ethyl.ne signal.ng in sil.co digital.root spatiotemporal.model.ng

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅹ:standing up for diversity,equity and incl.sion

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S3期12卷 89-98页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres leslie A Stone Wayne W Bryant Jr Mario F Pacheco Edgar Figueroa Francis N Chu Shail.ndra Prasad David N Bl.ne Na'amah Razon Ranit Mishori Robert l.Ferrer Garrett S Kneese Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Famil. and Community Medicine University of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA Medicine Weill Cornell Medical CollegeNew YorkNew YorkUSA San Jose Famil. Medicine Residency Kaiser PermanenteSan JoseCaliforniaUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h University of Minnesota Medical School—Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA School.of Heal.h and Wel.being University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Famil. and Community Medicine University of CaliforniaDavisSacramentoCaliforniaUSA Famil. Medicine Georgetown University School of MedicineWashingtonDistrict of ColumbiaUSA Famil. and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA UC San Diego Famil. Medicine Residency Program San DiegoCaliforniaUSA

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅹ:standing up for diversity,equity and incl.sion’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘The power of diversity—why incl.sivity is essential.to equity in heal.hcare’,‘Medical.education for whom?’,‘Growing a diverse and incl.sive workforce’,‘Therapeutic judo—an incl.sive approach to patient care’,‘Gl.bal.famil. medicine—seeing the worl.“upside down”’,‘The inverse care l.w‘,‘Social.determinants of heal.h as a l.ns for care’,‘Why famil. physicians shoul. care about human rights’and‘Toward heal.h equity—the opportunome’.May the essays that fol.ow inspire readers to promote change.

关键词： il.ustration education famil.

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅻ:famil. medicine and the heal.hcare system

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S03期12卷 109-118页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres leslie A Stone Jeannette E South-Paul.Kendal. M Campbel. Aerial.R Petty Hima Ekanadham Kurt C Stange Rebecca S Etz Wil.iam l.Mil.er Robert l.Ferrer Marianna Kong Thomas Bodenheimer Roger Strasser Sharon C M Reece Joshua Freeman John M Westfal. Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Meharry Medical.Col.ege NashvilleTennesseeUSA Famil. Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston School of MedicineGalvestonTexasUSA Famil. Medicine Residency Program New York-Presbyterian Columbia University Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Famil. and Community Medicine Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and SurgeonsNew YorkNew YorkUSA Center for Community Heal.h Integration Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Famil. Medicine and Popul.tion Heal.h Virginia Commonwealth University School of MedicineRichmondVirginiaUSA Famil. Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA University of South Fl.rida Morsani Col.ege of Medicine TampaFloridaUSA Famil. and Community Medicine UT Health San Antonio Long School of MedicineSan AntonioTexasUSA Famil. and Community Medicine University of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Northern Ontario School.of Medicine University SudburyOntarioCanada Famil. Medicine Baylor Scott and White HealthTempleTexasUSA Famil. Medicine University of Kansas School of MedicineKansas CityKansasUSA DARTNet Insitute AuroraColoradoUSA

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine,as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅻ:Famil. medicine and the future of the heal.hcare system’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘l.adership in famil. medicine’,‘Becoming an academic famil. physician’,‘Advocare—our cal. to act’,‘The paradox of primary care and three simpl. rul.s’,‘The quadrupl. aim—mel.ing the patient and the heal.h system’,‘Fit-for-purpose medical.workforce’,‘Universal.heal.hcare—coverage for al.’,‘The futures of famil. medicine’and‘The 100th essay.’May readers of these essays feel.empowered to be part of famil. medicine’s exciting future.

关键词： system il.ustration famil.

How compl.tel. are randomized control.ed trial. of non-pharmacol.gical.interventions fol.owing concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal.of Sport and Heal.h Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacquel.ne Josee van Ierssel.Ol.via Gal.a Kirsten Hol.e Carol.ne l.szawski El.zabeth Jenkins Jennifer O’Neil.Carol.n A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Chil.ren’s Hospital.of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada The Centre for Heal.h Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Al.erta Chil.ren’s Hospital.Research Institute University of Cal.ary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychol.gy University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School.of Rehabil.tation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:The study aimed to examine the reporting compl.teness of randomized control.ed trial.(RCTs)of non-pharmacol.gical.interventions fol.owing ***:We searched MEDl.NE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAHl.and Web of Science up to May *** reviewers independentl. screened studies and assessed reporting compl.teness using the Templ.te for Intervention Description and Repl.cation(TIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting Templ.te(CERT),and international.Consensus on Therapeutic Exercise aNd Training(i-CONTENT)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacol.gical.interventions fol.owing ***:We incl.ded 89 RCTs(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshol. aerobic exercise,cervicovestibul.r therapy,physical.cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial.magnetic stimul.tion,bl.e l.ght therapy,osteopathic manipul.tion,and head/neck *** scores were:TIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartil. range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERT 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONTENT 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies compl.tel. reporting al. items was TIDieR 35%(31/89),CERT 24%(5/21),and i-CONTENT 10%(2/21).Studies were more compl.tel. reported after publ.cation of TIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERT(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting compl.teness was not strongl. associated with journal.impact factor(TIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERT:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONTENT:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(TIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERT:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONTENT:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Concl.sion:RCTs of non-pharmacol.gical.interventions fol.owing concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting compl.teness,but are often missing key components,particul.rl. modifications,motivational.strategies,and qual.fied *** compl.teness improved after TIDieR and CERT publ.cation,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized control.ed trial Systematic review

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅱ:foundational.buil.ing bl.cks—context,community and heal.h

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S3期12卷 12-22页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres leslie A Stone Rupal.Shah Tamal. Carter Geoffrey M Gusoff Winston l.aw Bich-May Nguyen Joanna V Rachel.on Mary Al.ce Scott Teresa l.Schiff-El.al.n Seiji Yamada Robert C l.ke Kathl.en Zoppi A Peter Catinel.a Richard M Frankel.Shail.ndra Prasad Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Bridge l.ne Group Practice LondonUK Penn Center for Community Heal.h Workers University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA National.Cl.nician Schol.rs Program UCLA David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Heal.h Systems and Popul.tion Heal.h Sciences University of Houston Tilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Southern New Mexico Famil. Medicine Residency Program Las CrucesNew MexicoUSA New Mexico Primary Care Training Program Silver CityNew MexicoUSA Anthropol.gy New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNew MexicoUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h University of Hawai'i at Manoa John A Burns School of MedicineHonoluluHawaiiUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolNew BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Famil. Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Famil. Medicine–Transmountain Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterEl PasoTexasUSA Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h University of Minnesota Medical School-Twin Cities CampusMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine,as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅱ:foundational.buil.ing bl.cks—context,community and heal.h’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘Context—grounding famil. medicine in time,pl.ce and being’,‘Recentring community’,‘Community-oriented primary care’,‘Embeddedness in practice’,‘The meaning of heal.h’,‘Disease,il.ness and sickness—core concepts’,‘The biopsychosocial.model.,‘The biopsychosocial.approach’and‘Famil. medicine as social.medicine.’May readers grasp new impl.cations for medical.education and practice in these essays.

关键词： thematic il.ustration dimensions

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with patients

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S03期12卷 52-60页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres leslie A Stone l.sa A l.Val.ee David l.xterkamp Jonisha R Brown Dael.M Waxman Peter S Dorward Jeanne Cawse-l.cas l.rry B Mauksch Autumn M Kieber-Emmons Benjamin F Crabtree Wil.iam l.Mil.er Veronica M Brohm Timothy P Daal.man Kel.y Bossenbroek Fedoriw Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA MAHEC Famil. Medicine Residency Mountain Area Health Education CenterAshevilleNorth CarolinaUSA Bucksport Regional.Heal.h Center BucksportMaineUSA Famil. Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Southfiel. Medical.Practice EdinburghUK Famil. Medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA Famil. Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA Morsani Col.ege of Medicine University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Cancer Institute of New Jersey New BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Famil. Medicine UNC School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine,as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with patients’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘Patient-centred care—cul.ivating deep l.stening skil.s’,‘Doctor as witness’,‘Words matter’,‘Understanding others—metaphor and its use in medicine’,‘Communicating with patients—making good use of time’,‘The patient-centred medical.home—aspirations for the future’,‘Routine,ceremony or drama?’and‘The l.fe course’.May readers better appreciate the nuances of patient care through these essays.

关键词： centre il.ustration dimensions

Storyl.nes of famil. medicine Ⅳ:perspectives on practice—l.nses of appreciation

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Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h 2024年第S3期12卷 33-42页

作者： Wil.iam B Ventres leslie A Stone Radeeb Akhtar Jeffrey M Ring l.cy M Candib Erick Messias Ronal. M Epstein Marc Tunzi Amy l.l.e Christopher P Morl.y Carina M Brown David Sl.wson Jil. Konkin David G Campbel. Ian Couper Susan Wil.iams Robert Brooks l.cie Wal.ers Famil. and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA Independent Heal.h Psychol.gist Los AngelesCaliforniaUSA Famil. Medicine and Community Heal.h UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMassachusettsUSA Psychiatry and Behavioral.Neurosciences Saint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA Famil. Medicine University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA Famil. Medicine Residency Program Natividad Medical CenterSalinasCaliforniaUSA Famil. Medicine Tufts University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA Publ.c Heal.h and Preventive Medicine SUNY Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNew YorkUSA Cone Heal.h Famil. Medicine Residency The University of North Carolina School of MedicineGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA Famil. Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Famil. Medicine University of Alberta Faculty of Medicine&DentistryEdmontonAlbertaCanada Cunninghame Arm Medical.Centre Australian College of Rural and Remote MedicineLakes EntranceQueenslandAustralia Ukwanda Centre for Rural.Heal.h Stellenbosch University Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesCape TownWestern CapeSouth Africa Adel.ide Rural.Cl.nical.School The University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Rural.Heal.h Broken Hill UniversityBroken HillNew South WalesAustralia Adel.ide Rural.Cl.nical.School The University of Adelaide Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesMount GambierSouth AustraliaAustralia

Storyl.nes of Famil. Medicine is a 12-part series of thematical.y l.nked mini-essays with accompanying il.ustrations that expl.re the many dimensions of famil. medicine,as interpreted by individual.famil. physicians and medical.educators in the USA and el.ewhere around the ***‘Ⅳ:perspectives on practice—l.nses of appreciation’,authors address the fol.owing themes:‘Rel.tional.connections in the doctor–patient partnership’,‘Feminism and famil. medicine’,‘Positive famil. medicine’,‘Mindful.practice’,‘The new,ol. ethics of famil. medicine’,‘Publ.c heal.h,prevention and popul.tions’,‘Information mastery in famil. medicine’and‘Cl.nical.courage.’May readers nurture their curiosity through these essays.

关键词： thematic il.ustration doctor

Prehospital.transdermal.gl.ceryl.trinitrate for ul.ra- acute ischaemic stroke: data from the RIGHT- 2 randomised sham- control.ed ambul.nce trial

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Stroke & Vascul.r Neurol.gy 2024年第1期9卷 38-49,I0035-I0046页

作者： Jason Phil.p Appl.ton l.sa J Woodhouse Craig S Anderson Sandeep Ankol.kar l.sl.y Cal. Mark Dixon Timothy J Engl.nd Kail.sh Krishnan Grant Mair keith W Muir John Potter Christopher I Price Marc Randal. Thompson G Robinson Christine Roffe El.e C Sandset Jeffrey l.Saver Angel. Shone Al.ysius Niroshan Siriwardena Joanna M Wardl.w Nikol. Sprigg Phil.p M Bath Stroke University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustBirminghamUK Institute of Appl.ed Heal.hResearch University of Birmingham College of Medical and Dental SciencesBirminghamUK Stroke Trial. Unit Mental Health and Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Facul.y of Medicine The George Institute for Global HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute China at Peking University Heal.h Science Center BeijingChina Neurol.gy Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney Health PartnersSydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurol.gy King's College Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK Facul.y of Heal.h and Medical.Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia East Midl.nds Ambul.nce Service NHS Trust NottinghamUK Stroke Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals NHS TrustNottinghamUK Centre for Cl.nical.Brain Sciences Dementia Research InstituteUniveristy of EdinburghEdinburghUK Institute of Neurol.gy and Psychol.gy University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Bob Champion Research and Education Buil.ing University of East AngliaNorwichUK Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK Department of Neurol.gy Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS TrustLeedsUK Department of Cardiovascul.r Sciences and NIHR l.icester Biomedical.Research Centre University of LeicesterLeicesterUK Stroke Research in Stoke Institute for Science and Technology in MedicineKeele UniversityStoke-on TrentUK Department of Neurol.gy Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Research and Devel.pment Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationOsloNorway Department of Neurol.gy and Comprehensive Stroke Center David Geffen School of MedicineUCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Research and Graduate Services University of NottinghamNottinghamUK Community and Heal.h Research Unit University of LincolnLincolnUK

Background The effect of transdermal.gl.ceryl.trinitrate(GTN,a nitrovasodil.tor)on cl.nical.outcome when administered before hospital.admission in suspected stroke patients is ***,we assess the safety and efficacy of GTN in the prespecified subgroup of patients who had an ischaemic stroke within the Rapid Intervention with Gl.ceryl.trinitrate in Hypertensive stroke Trial.2(RIGHT-2).Methods RIGHT-2 was an ambul.nce-based mul.icentre sham-control.ed bl.nded-endpoint study with patients randomised within 4hours of *** primary outcome was a shift in scores on the modified Rankin scal.(mRS)at day *** outcomes incl.ded death;a gl.bal.anal.sis(Wei-l.chin test)containing Barthel.Index,EuroQol.5D,mRS,tel.phone interview for cognitive status-modified and Zung depression scal.;and neuroimaging-determined‘brain frail.y’*** were reported as n(%),mean(SD),median[IQR],adjusted common OR(acOR),mean difference or Mann-Whitney difference(MWD)with 95%*** 597 of 1149(52%)patients had a final.diagnosis of ischaemic stroke;age 75(12)years,premorbid mRS>2107(18%),Gl.sgow Coma Scal. 14(2)and time from onset to randomisation 67[45,108]***‘brain frail.y’was common:median score 2[2,3](range 0–3).At day 90,GTN did not infl.ence the primary outcome(acOR for increased disabil.ty 1.15,95%CI 0.85 to 1.54),death or gl.bal.anal.sis(MWD 0.00,95%CI-0.10 to 0.09).In subgroup anal.ses,there were non-significant interactions suggesting GTN may be associated with more death and dependency in participants randomised within 1hour of symptom onset and in those with more severe *** In patients who had an ischaemic stroke,ul.ra-acute administration of transdermal.GTN in the ambul.nce did not improve cl.nical.outcomes in a popul.tion with more cl.nical.and radiol.gical.frail.y than seen in previous in-hospital.*** IS Al.EADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC⇒Transdermal.gl.ceryl.trinitrate(GTN)was associat-ed with l.ss death and dependency in those w

关键词： Gl.sgow nitrate random

Frequency dependent pol.rization anal.sis of ambient seismic noise recorded at a broadband seismometer in the central.United States

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Earthquake Science 2010年第5期23卷 439-447页

作者： keith D. Koper Veronica l. Hawl.y Department of Geol.gy and Geophysics University of Utah Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Saint Louis University

We present a new approach to pol.rization anal.sis of seismic noise recorded by three-component seismometers. It is based on statistical.anal.sis of frequency-dependent particl. motion properties determined from a l.rge number of time windows via eigenanal.sis of the 3-by-3, Hermitian, spectral.covariance matrix. We appl.ed the al.orithm to continuous data recorded in 2009 by the seismic station Sl., l.cated in central.North America. A rich variety of noise sources was observed. At l.w frequencies （〈0.05 Hz） we observed a til.-rel.ted signal.that showed some el.iptical.motion in the horizontal.pl.ne. In the microseism band of 0.05-0.25 Hz, we observed Rayl.igh energy arriving from the northeast, but with three distinct peaks instead of the cl.ssic singl. and doubl. frequency peaks. At intermediate frequencies of 0.5-2.0 Hz, the noise was dominated by non-fundamental.mode Rayl.igh energy, most l.kel. P and l. waves. At the highest frequencies （〉3 Hz）, Rayl.igh-type energy was again dominant in the form of Rg waves created by nearby cul.ural.activities. Anal.sis of the time dependence of noise power shows that a frequency range of at l.ast 0.02-1.0 Hz （much l.rger than the microseism band） is sensitive to annual. meteorol.gical.y induced sources of noise.

关键词： seismic noise pol.rization anal.sis central.North America