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A green eco-environment for sustainable development:framework and action

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 67-74页

作者： Xuejun LIU Wen XU Zhipeng SHA Yangyang ZHANG Zhang WEN Jingxia WANG Fusuo ZHANG keith goulding National Academy of Agriculture Green Development College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Sustainable Agricultural Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK

Following its 40-year reform and‘Open Door’policy,China has recently proposed a new approach to green development and rural revitalization—the idea of Agriculture Green Development(AGD),with the key feature of creating a green *** this minireview we introduce the definition,theory,framework and major components of a green eco-environment as a key part of the *** define a green eco-environment as including four key elements or measures:(1)a green ecoenvironmental indicator system;(2)environmental monitoring and warning networks;(3)emission standards and environmental thresholds for key pollutants;(4)emission controls and pollution remediation *** have used Quzhou County(a typical county in the center of the North China Plain)as an example to show how detailed air,water and soil monitoring networks,as well as improved farmer practices and pollution control measures(especially ammonia emission mitigation and PM2.5 pollution reduction),can begin to create a green eco-environment in China and that AGD is *** conclude by stressing the need to improve the framework and practice for a green eco-environment,especially the importance of linking proposals and practices for a green eco-environment with the United Nations high priority Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： monitoring networks environmental thresholds ammonia emission mitigation green ecological environment Quzhou County

A NEW APPROACH TO HOLISTIC NITROGEN MANAGEMENT IN CHINA

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 490-510页

作者： Xuejun LIU Zhenling CUI Tianxiang HAO Lixing YUAN Ying ZHANG Baojing GU Wen XU Hao YING Weifeng ZHANG Tingyu LI Xiaoyuan YAN keith goulding David KANTER Robert HOWARTH Carly STEVENS Jagdish LADHA Qianqian LI Lei LIU Wim DE VRIES Fusuo ZHANG Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Environmental&Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Tropical Crops Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Nanjing Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Department of Sustainable Agriculture Sciences Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK Department of Environmental Studies New York UniversityNew YorkNY 10003USA Department of Ecology&Evolutionary Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221116China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Environmental Systems Analysis Group Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 476700 AA Wageningenthe Netherlands.

Since the 1980s,the widespread use of N fertilizer has not only resulted in a strong increase in agricultural productivity but also caused a number of environmental problems,induced by excess reactive N emissions.A range of approaches to improve N management for increased agricultural production together with reduced environmental impacts has been *** 4R principles(right product,right amount,right time and right place)for N fertilizer application have been essential for improving crop productivity and N use efficiency while reducing N *** example,site-specific N management(as part of 4R practice)reduced N fertilizer use by 32%and increased yield by 5%in ***,it has not been enough to overcome the challenge of producing more food with reduced impact on the environment and *** paper proposes a new framework of food-chainnitrogen-management(FCNM).This involves good N management including the recycling of organic manures,optimized crop and animal production and improved human diets,with the aim of maximizing resource use efficiency and minimizing environmental *** could meet future challenges for food demand,resource sustainability and environmental safety,key issues for green agricultural transformation in China and other countries.

关键词： 4R technology food chain N management N use efficiency soil-crop system sustainable management

PROGRESS ON IMPROVING AGRICULTURAL NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY: UK−CHINA VIRTUAL JOINT CENTERS ON NITROGEN AGRONOMY

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 475-489页

作者： Tom MISSELBROOK Zhaohai BAI Zejiang CAI Weidong CAO Alison CARSWELL Nicholas COWAN Zhenling CUI David RCHADWICK Bridget EMMETT keith goulding Rui JIANG Davey LJONES Xiaotang JU Hongbin LIU Yuelai LU Lin MA David POWLSON Robert MREES Ute SKIBA Pete SMITH Roger SYLVESTER-BRADLEY John WILLIAMS Lianhai WU Minggang XU Wen XU Fusuo ZHANG Junling ZHANG Jianbin ZHOU Xuejun LIU Rothamsted Research North WykeOkehamptonDevon EX202SBUK Center for Agricultural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Qiyang Agro-ecosystem of National Field Experimental Station Yongzhou 426182China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikMidlothian EH260QBUK College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityBangor LL572UWUK UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bangor LL572UWUK Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshire AL52JQUK College of Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China School of International Development University of East AngliaNorwichNorfolk NR47TJUK Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) West Mains RoadEdinburghEH93JGUK Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences University of AberdeenAberdeen AB243FXUK ADAS Boxworth Battlegate RoadBoxworthCambridge CB234NNUK.

Two virtual joint centers for nitrogen agronomy were established between the UK and China to facilitate collaborative research aimed at improving nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in agricultural production systems and reducing losses of reactive N to the *** focus areas were improving fertilizer NUE,use of livestock manures,soil health,and policy development and knowledge *** to fertilizer NUE included attention to application rate in the context of yield potential and economic considerations and the potential of improved practices including enhanced efficiency fertilizers,plastic film mulching and cropping *** utilization of livestock manures requires knowledge of the available nutrient content,appropriate manure processing technologies and integrated nutrient management *** carbon,acidification and biodiversity were considered as important aspects of soil *** centers identified a range of potential actions that could be taken to improve N management,and the research conducted has highlighted the importance of developing a systemslevel approach to assessing improvement in the overall efficiency of N management and avoiding unintended secondary effects from individual *** this context,the management of fertilizer emissions and livestock manure at the farm and regional scales appear to be particularly important targets for mitigation.

关键词： CINAg N-CIRCLE nitrogen use efficiency reactive nitrogen sustainable production

农业氨减排对大气PM_(2.5)污染治理日趋重要

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Science Bulletin 2022年第17期67卷 1745-1749页

作者：许稳赵园红温章常运华潘月鹏孙业乐马昕沙志鹏李紫玥康嘉慧刘磊唐傲寒王锴张颖郭怡鑫张霖盛立芳张秀明谷保静宋宇 Martin Van Damme Lieven Clarisse Pierre-Francois Coheur Jeffrey L.Collett Jr keith goulding 张福锁贺克斌刘学军 College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil InteractionsMinistry of EducationNational Observation and Research tation of Agriculture Green Development(QuzhouHebei)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Desasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 200433China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Laboratory for Climate and Ocean-Atmosphere Studies Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic SciencesSchool of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Agriculture and Food the University of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia College of Environmental and Resource Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control Department of Environmental SciencePeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Universitélibre de Bruxelles SpectroscopyQuantum Chemistry and Atmospheric Remote SensingBrusselsBelgium Department of Atmospheric Science Colorado State UniversityFort Collins CO 80523USA Sustainable Agricultural Sciences Department Rothamsted ResearchHarpenden AL52JQUK School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

在新冠肺炎疫情期间,中国采取的管制封锁措施大幅减少了交通和工业排放,但农业排放没有受到影响,甚至有所增加.通过全国大气氨浓度地面监测、实时连续观测和卫星观测等手段,我们发现,新冠肺炎疫情管制措施实施期间中国大气氨浓度大范围... 详细信息

在新冠肺炎疫情期间,中国采取的管制封锁措施大幅减少了交通和工业排放,但农业排放没有受到影响,甚至有所增加.通过全国大气氨浓度地面监测、实时连续观测和卫星观测等手段,我们发现,新冠肺炎疫情管制措施实施期间中国大气氨浓度大范围显著增加,上升幅度在农村地区最为明显(增加22%),在城市和偏远地区变化不明显;而且,管控期间大气氨浓度上升幅度与2015~2019年相同月份相比更大.基于大气化学模式模拟发现,中国北方大气氨浓度上升主要是由农业氨排放增加所致.随着未来我国二氧化硫和氮氧化物等酸性气体排放控制的强化,农业氨排放的协同减排对于进一步削减大气PM污染、提升空气质量尤为重要.进一步分析表明,疫情期间50%农业氨排放可有效抵消氨浓度上升造成的二次无机气溶胶的形成.

关键词：管制措施工业排放污染治理地面监测空气质量卫星观测 PM 偏远地区

Strategies for farmers and policy makers to control nitro-gen losses whilst maintaining crop production

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 710-719页

作者： keith W.T.goulding Agriculture and the Environment Division Rothamsted Research HarpendenHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK

The nitrogen (N) cycle is essentially 'leaky'. The losses of small amounts of nitrate to waters and of ammonia and nitrous oxide to the atmosphere are a part of the global biogeochemical N cycle. However, intensive agricultural production, industry and vehicle use have more tem change and health concerns. Research has identified agricultural practices that cause large losses of N and, in some cases, developed solutions. This paper discusses the problems of maintaining productivity while reducing N losses, compares conventional with low input (integrated) and organic farming systems, and discusses wider options. It also looks at the need to integrate studies on N with other environmental impacts, set in the context of the whole farm system, to provide truly sustainable agricultural systems.

关键词： Nitrogen cycle, farm systems, best management, environmental impact, productivity.

耕作和混合农业体系未来植物养分利用的前景和挑战

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AMBIO－人类环境杂志 2005年第4期34卷 277-281页

作者： Lars Bergstrm keith W.T.goulding 张秋英乌普萨拉瑞典农业大学土壤科学系 Rothamsted研究所农业和环境部门

在不污染环境的情况下生产足量的健康食品对未来世界农业是一个严重挑战。瑞典"21世纪的食物"研究计划已经研究了可持续耕作体系的经济的、环境的以及社会的各个方面,本文列举了瑞典"21世纪的食物"研究计划以及其它相关的国际研究计划... 详细信息

在不污染环境的情况下生产足量的健康食品对未来世界农业是一个严重挑战。瑞典"21世纪的食物"研究计划已经研究了可持续耕作体系的经济的、环境的以及社会的各个方面,本文列举了瑞典"21世纪的食物"研究计划以及其它相关的国际研究计划中注重改善养分利用效率的一些研究,特别是氮和磷。它表明有许多可持续性解决养分利用效率的方法,有些很复杂,但有些就很简单。政府政策包括津贴、研究和技术以及公众对耕作方式的认可,所有这些都与制定这些解决方法结合在一起。需要知识转让的参与式途径,这样科学家、政策决策者、农场主、顾问以及消费者们可以交流信息,一起构建可持续的耕作体系。

关键词：养分利用效率耕作体系农业体系植物混合国际研究计划可持续性污染环境 21世纪政府政策