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Radiofrequency ablation during continuous saline infusion can extend ablation margins

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第8期19卷 1278-1282页

作者： Toru Ishikawa Tomoyuki Kubota Ryoko Horigome Naruhiro Kimura Hiroki Honda Akito Iwanaga keiichi seki Terasu Honma Toshiaki Yoshida Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Saiseikai Niigata Daini HospitalNiigata 950-1104Japan

AIM:To determine whether fluid injection during radiofrequency ablation(RFA) can increase the coagulation ***:Bovine liver(1-2 kg) was placed on an aluminum tray with a return electrode affixed to the base,and the liver was punctured by an expandable *** RFA,5% glucose;50% glucose;or saline fluid was infused continuously at a rate of 1.0 mL/min through the infusion line connected to the infusion *** area and volume of the thermocoagulated region of bovine liver were determined after *** Joule heat generated was determined from the temporal change in output during the RFA ***:No liquid infusion was 17.3 ± 1.6 mL,similar to the volume of a 3-cm diameter sphere(14.1 mL).Mean thermocoagulated volume was significantly larger with continuous infusion of saline(29.3 ± 3.3 mL) than with 5% glucose(21.4 ± 2.2 mL),50%glucose(16.5 ± 0.9 mL) or no liquid infusion(17.3 ± 1.6 mL).The ablated volume for RFA with saline was approximately 1.7-times greater than for RFA with no liquid infusion,representing a significant difference between these two *** Joule heat generated during RFA was highest with saline,and lowest with 50% ***:RFA with continuous saline infusion achieves a large ablation zone,and may help inhibit local recurrence by obtaining sufficient ablation *** during continuous saline infusion can extend ablation margins,and may be prevent local recurrence.

关键词： Radiofrequency ablation Ex vivo bovine liver Large ablation zone Saline Glucose Joule heat

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Methods of induced pluripotent stem cells for clinical application

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 116-125页

作者： Tomohisa seki keiichi Fukuda Department of Cardiology Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo 160-8582 Japan Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Keio University School of Medicine Tokyo 160-8582 Japan

Reprograming somatic cells using exogenetic gene expression represents a groundbreaking step in regenerative medicine. Induced pluripotent stem cells(i PSCs) are expected to yield novel therapies with the potential to solve many issues involving incurable diseases. In particular, applying i PSCs clinically holds the promise of addressing the problems of immune rejection and ethics that have hampered the clinical applications of embryonic stem cells. However, as i PSC research has progressed, new problems have emerged that need to be solved before the routine clinical application of i PSCs can become established. In this review, we discuss the current technologies and future problems of human i PSC generation methods for clinical use.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Cell reprogramming

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