检索结果-南通市图书馆

Synthesis of New Substituted 4-Amino-3,5-dinitropyridine Derivatives

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2013年第10期31卷 1299-1304页

作者： Congming Ma Yongbin Wang kehui hou Zuliang Liu Qizheng Yao School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing Jiangsu 210094 China School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutieal University Nanjing Jiangsu 210009 China

Facile synthetic routes for the preparation of some new 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridine derivatives have been revealed. Nitration of 2-chloropyridin-4-amine （1） as a starting material, in an unexpected one-step reaction, to give dinitrated derivatives, followed by nucleophilic substitution reactions with sodium azide, potassium fluoride, ammonia, methylamine, and 4-nitroimidazol, respectively, gave substituted 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridine derivatives. Meanwhile, its azide derivative underwent a ring closure conversion into 7-amino-6-nitro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-b]- pyridine-1-oxide. It is of significance that all of the nucleophilic substitution reactions were carried out under mild conditions.

关键词： organic chemistry synthesis 4-amino-3,5-dinitropyridine nucleophilic substitution

3,5-二氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺及其衍生物的合成

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

应用化学 2013年第11期30卷 1366-1368页

作者：侯可辉刘祖亮南京理工大学化工学院南京210094

分别以3,5-二氯苯胺为原料,经N保护、硝化、水解以及以1,3,5-三氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TCTNB)为原料,经叔丁胺化,再在三氟乙酸中脱叔丁基2种方法合成了3,5-二氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺。与甲胺反应,合成了3,5-二甲氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺,收率85%... 详细信息

分别以3,5-二氯苯胺为原料,经N保护、硝化、水解以及以1,3,5-三氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TCTNB)为原料,经叔丁胺化,再在三氟乙酸中脱叔丁基2种方法合成了3,5-二氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺。与甲胺反应,合成了3,5-二甲氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺,收率85%,再用混酸硝化合成了3,5-二甲硝胺基-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺的硝酸盐,收率70%。采用核磁共振、质谱、红外和元素分析等进行了结构表征。探讨了不同参数下TCTNB的氨化结果。优化的条件为:n(TCTNB)∶n(叔丁胺)=1∶2,CuO为催化剂,KHCO3为碱。

关键词：合成二氯三硝基苯胺二甲氨基三硝基苯胺二甲硝胺基三硝基苯胺硝酸盐含能材料

一种有效制备2-氨基-3,5-二硝基-6-氯吡啶及其衍生物的方法

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

有机化学 2014年第3期34卷 584-588页

作者：马丛明侯可辉刘祖亮姚其正南京理工大学化工学院南京210094 中国药科大学药学院南京210009

研究了2-氨基-3，5-二硝基-6-氯吡啶（4）及其衍生物的制备新方法．以廉价易得的2,6-二氯吡啶（1）为起始原料，通过硝化、氨化、硝化反应步骤得到中间体2-氨基-3，5-二硝基-6．氯吡啶（4），再与氨、叠氮化钠等亲核试剂反应分别得到2-... 详细信息

研究了2-氨基-3，5-二硝基-6-氯吡啶（4）及其衍生物的制备新方法．以廉价易得的2,6-二氯吡啶（1）为起始原料，通过硝化、氨化、硝化反应步骤得到中间体2-氨基-3，5-二硝基-6．氯吡啶（4），再与氨、叠氮化钠等亲核试剂反应分别得到2-氨基-3，5-二硝基吡啶-6-取代衍生物5-7．研究表明该方法具有原料便宜易得、后处理操作简单和产品纯度高等优点．

关键词：制备 2,6-二氯吡啶 2-氨基-3,5-二硝基-6-氯吡啶亲核取代

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

生态文明对现代科技价值观的批判

辽宁教育行政学院学报 2007年第1期24卷 19-21页

作者：侯可会山东师范大学山东济南250014

科技的飞速发展在给我们带来巨大财富的同时,也出现了许多社会问题,主要就是人类盲目地利用科技的问题。究其原因就在于人们错误的科技价值观。因此,选择什么样的科技价值观已成为摆在我们面前的重要任务。

关键词：生态文明科技价值观整体性的人性科学价值现

Practical approach for detecting k-nonseparability of multipartite quantum states

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第1期Mechanics & Astronomy) .卷 32-48页

作者： Jie Guo Jinchuan hou Xiaofei Qi Kan He College of Mathematics Taiyuan University of Technology School of Mathematics and Statistics Shanxi University Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Data Science of Ministry of Education Shanxi University

The instantaneous detection of entanglement in quantum states poses a significant challenge in the fields of quantum computation and quantum information, and there are no practical methods or tools to complete this task satisfactorily so far. We propose a sufficient and necessary criterion of k-nonseparability for any n-partite finite or infinite dimensional systems, 2 ≤ k ≤ n. This criterion serves as the foundation for a practical scheme designed to detect entanglement and k-nonseparability across multipartite finite-dimensional systems. To exemplify the application of our scheme, we have developed a software tool that facilitates swift and precise identification of entanglement, k-nonseparability, and genuine entanglement within n-qubit systems, specifically tailored for systems with 2 ≤ n ≤ 4.

关键词： multipartite systems entanglement states entanglement witnesses ${\bm~k}$-nonseparability

Low-temperature chlorination roasting technology for the simultaneous recovery of valuable metals from spent LiCoO_(2)cathode material

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 80-91页

作者： Junjie Shi Changle hou Jingjing Dong Dong Chen Jianzhong Li Key Laboratory for Ecological Metallurgy of Multimetallic Mineral(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

With the continuous increase in the disposal volume of spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),properly recycling spent LIBs has become essential for the advancement of the circular *** study presents a systematic analysis of the chlorination roasting kinetics and proposes a new two-step chlorination roasting process that integrates thermodynamics for the recycling of LIB cathode *** activation energy for the chloride reaction was 88.41 kJ/mol according to thermogravimetric analysis–derivative thermogravimetry data obtained by using model-free,model-fitting,and Z(α)function(αis conversion rate).Results indicated that the reaction was dominated by the first-order(F1)model when the conversion rate was less than or equal to 0.5 and shifted to the second-order(F2)model when the conversion rate exceeded *** conditions were determined by thoroughly investigating the effects of roasting temperature,roasting time,and the mass ratio of NH_(4)Cl to LiCoO_(2).Under the optimal conditions,namely 400℃,20 min,and NH_(4)Cl/LiCoO_(2)mass ratio of 3:1,the leaching efficiency of Li and Co reached 99.43% and 99.05%,*** of the roasted products revealed that valuable metals in LiCoO_(2)transformed into CoCl_(2) and ***,the reaction mechanism was elucidated,providing insights for the establishment of a novel low-temperature chlorination roasting technology based on a crystal structure *** technology can guide the development of LIB recycling processes with low energy consumption,low secondary pollution,high recovery efficiency,and high added value.

关键词： spent lithium-ion battery thermodynamics chlorination roasting kinetics circular economy

Defect Engineering with Rational Dopants Modulation for High‑Temperature Energy Harvesting in Lead‑Free Piezoceramics

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 87-101页

作者： Kaibiao Xi Jianzhe Guo Mupeng Zheng Mankang Zhu Yudong hou Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of EducationCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124People’s Republic of China

High temperature piezoelectric energy harvester(HTPEH)is an important solution to replace chemical battery to achieve independent power supply of HT wireless ***,simultaneously excellent performances,including high figure of merit(FOM),insulation resistivity(ρ)and depolarization temperature(Td)are indispensable but hard to achieve in lead-free piezoceramics,especially operating at 250°C has not been reported ***,well-balanced performances are achieved in BiFeO3–BaTiO3 ceramics via innovative defect engineering with respect to delicate manganese *** to the synergistic effect of enhancing electrostrictive coefficient by polarization configuration optimization,regulating iron ion oxidation state by high valence manganese ion and stabilizing domain orientation by defect dipole,comprehensive excellent electrical performances(Td=340°C,ρ250°C>10^(7)Ωcm and FOM_(250°C)=4905×10^(–15)m^(2)N^(−1))are realized at the solid solubility limit of manganese *** HT-PEHs assembled using the rationally designed piezoceramic can allow for fast charging of commercial electrolytic capacitor at 250°C with high energy conversion efficiency(η=11.43%).These characteristics demonstrate that defect engineering tailored BF-BT can satisfy high-end HT-PEHs requirements,paving a new way in developing selfpowered wireless sensors working in HT environments.

关键词： Lead-free piezoceramic Defect engineering Dopants modulation High-temperature Piezoelectric energy harvester

Viscosity and structure relationship with equimolar substitution of CaO with MgO in the CaO–MgO–Al_(2)O_(3)–SiO_(2)slag melts

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2025年第1期32卷 70-79页

作者： Yong hou Shuo Zhang Jie Dang Jia Guo Hanghang Zhou Xuewei Lü College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China

Currently,the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the high-alumina slag systems within blast furnaces is generally limited to 16wt%–18.5wt%,making it challenging to overcome this *** most studies that concentrated on managing the MgO/Al_(2)O_(3)ratio or basicity,this paper explored the effect of equimolar substitution of MgO for CaO on the viscosity and structure of a high-alumina CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)slag system,providing theoretical guidance and data to facilitate the application of high-alumina *** results revealed that the viscosity first decreased and then increased with higher MgO substitution,reaching a minimum at 15mol%MgO *** transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)results found that the depths of the troughs representing[SiO_(4)]tetrahedra,[AlO_(4)]tetrahedra,and Si-O-Al bending became progressively deeper with increased MgO *** of the Raman spectra showed that the average number of bridging oxygens per Si atom and the X_(Q^(3))/X_(Q^(2))(X_(Q^(i))is the molar fraction of Q^(i) unit,and i is the number of bridging oxygens in a[SiO_(4)]tetrahedral unit)ratio increased from 2.30 and 1.02 to 2.52 and 2.14,respectively,indicating a progressive polymerization of the silicate structure.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)results highlighted that non-bridging oxygen content decreased from 77.97mol% to 63.41mol% with increasing MgO concentration,whereas bridging oxygen and free oxygen contents *** analysis demonstrated a gradual increase in the polymerization degree of the tetrahedral structure with the increase in MgO ***,bond strength is another important factor affecting the slag *** occurrence of a viscosity minimum can be attributed to the complex evolution of bond strengths of non-bridging oxygens generated during depolymerization of the[SiO_(4)]and[AlO_(4)]tetrahedral structures by CaO and MgO.

关键词： aluminosilicate viscosity structure spectroscopy