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So.l Eco.o.y Letters 2020年第3期2卷 188-194页

作者： kehinde o.erinle Petra Marschner Scho.l o. Agriculture Food and WineThe University of AdelaideSouth Australia5005Australia

In studies o. the effects o. mixing residues with different pro.erties o. deco.po.itio. rate and nutrient release,the extent o. co.tact between the different residues is no. kno.n.In this study,we used an experimental design where cro. residues were spatially separated by a layer o. so.l.Micro.o.ms were set up using yo.ng faba bean residue(lo. carbo.(C)/nutrient ratio.L)and mature barley straw(high C/nutrient ratio.H).The micro.o.ms co.prised o. two.caps o. PVC tubes,each filled with mo.st so.l.Between the two.caps,there were three layers each separated fro. the o.hers by fine nylo. mesh with the middle layer being the mo.st interface so.l.Micro.o.ms had similar(H/H o. L/L)o. different(L/H)residue types,o. o.ly residue type(H/S o. L/S)while the o.her cap had no.residue.In treatments with o.ly o.e residue,measured parameters,except micro.ial bio.ass P(MBP),were higher in L/S than H/S.In treatments with two.residues,all parameters were lo.est in H/H.In L/H co.pared to.L/L after 14 days,available P and micro.ial bio.ass N(MBN)were lo.er,available N was similar and MBP was higher.After 28 days,available P and N were lo.er in L/H than L/L,but MBP and MBN did no. differ.In L/H,measured resin P,MBP and MBN were higher than expected whereas available N was lo.er.The experimental design used in this study allo.s assessing the effect o. residues o. pro.erties o. the so.l between them.

关键词： Cro. residues C/P ratio. Interface so.l Pho.pho.us po.ls

Co.ing with the Impact o. Climate Change: A Dive into.Precisio. Agriculture in the United States

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Jo.rnal o. Agricultural Chemistry and Enviro.ment 2024年第2期13卷 208-222页

作者： o.uwaseun Ibukun kehinde o.e o.awale o.uwafemi Department o. Geo.raphy and Planning University of Toledo Toledo USA Independent Researcher Manchester UK

With the co.tinued increase in the number o. peo.le that are fo.d insecure glo.ally, which co.ld be increasing because o. the o.go.ng Ukraine-Russia war, leading to.reductio. in internatio.al agribusinesses, co.pled with drastic climate change exacerbating the pro.lem o. fo.d insecurity, there is a co.stant need to.co.e up with inno.ative appro.ches to.so.ve this glo.al issue. In this article, we articulated ho. precisio. agriculture can be a to.l fo. ensuring fo.d security in the United States. This study aims to.reiterate the significance o. precisio. agriculture in so.ving glo.al fo.d insecurity.

关键词： United States Fo.d Insecurity Precisio. Agriculture Po.itio.ing Systems Climate Change

Temperature Trends and Accumulatio. o. Chill Ho.rs, Chill Units, and Chill Po.tio.s in So.th Caro.ina

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Atmo.pheric and Climate Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 173-190页

作者： Jo.é o. Payero Edisto.Research and Educatio. Center Clemson University Blackville SC USA Department o. Agricultural Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

There is co.siderable co.cern abo.t the po.ential impact o. climate change o. agriculture, such as the accumulatio. o. chilling ho.rs needed to.break the do.mancy o. many perennial plants, like fruit trees. Therefo.e, this study aimed to.determine if there had been a significant change in air temperatures and chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio. accumulatio. in So.th Caro.ina o.er the last two.decades. Two.decades o. daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperature reco.ds were o.tained fro. weather statio.s in thirty-o.e co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. Ho.rly temperature data, reco.structed fro. the daily data, were used to.calculate the daily and annual chill ho.rs, chill units, and chill po.tio.s accumulatio. using fo.r different chill mo.els fo. each lo.atio. and year. The chill mo.els included the T(t) °C mo.el, the 0°C °C mo.el, the Utah mo.el, and the Dynamic mo.el. Fo. each co.nty, regressio. analyses were co.ducted to.evaluate the histo.ical trends. Despite year-to.year variability, the tendency was a statistically significant (α = 0.05) increase in air temperature, averaging 0.089°C per year fo. 20 o.t o. 31 co.nties in So.th Caro.ina. The o.her 11 co.nties had no.significant change in temperature. The average temperature increase in the 31 co.nties was 0.072°C per year. The temperature increase resulted in a decrease in annual chill accumulatio. during the fall to.spring, averaging 17.7 chill ho.rs, 8.6 chill ho.rs, 17.0 chill units, and 0.40 chill po.tio.s per year calculated with the T(t) °C, 0°C °C, Utah, and Dynamic mo.els, respectively. Ho.ever, whether this decrease in chill values was statistically significant o. no. depended o. the chill mo.el used. This study did no. investigate the cause o. the o.served histo.ical trends in temperature and chill accumulatio.. Still, if the trends co.tinue, they co.ld significantly impact the future o. the temperate fruit tree industry in the state.

关键词： Chill Ho.rs Chill Units Chill Po.tio.s Temperature Fruit Trees Climate Change Do.mancy

A Pro.edure fo. Trisecting an Acute Angle (Metho. 2)

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2024年第4期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lyndo. o. Barto. Department o. Math and Physics Delaware State University Dover USA

This paper presents an alternate graphical pro.edure (Metho. 2), to.that presented in earlier publicatio.s entitled, “A Pro.edure fo. Trisecting an Acute Angle” and “A Key to.So.ving the Angle Trisectio. Pro.lem”. The pro.edure, when applied to.the 30˚ and 60˚ angles that have been “pro.en” to.be no.trisectable and the 45˚ benchmark angle that is kno.n to.be trisectable, in each case pro.uced a co.structio. having an identical angular relatio.ship with Archimedes’ Co.structio., as in Sectio. 2 o. THEo.Y o. this paper, where the required trisectio. angle was fo.nd to.be o.e-third o. its respective angle (i.e. DE’MA = 1/3 DE’CG). Fo. example, the trisectio. angle fo. the 30˚, 45˚ and 60˚ angles were 10.00000˚, 15.00000˚, and 20.00000˚, respectively, and Sectio. 5 o. PRo.F in this paper. Therefo.e, based o. this identical angular relatio.ship and the numerical results (i.e. to.five decimal places), which represent the highest degree o. accuracy and precisio. attainable by The Geo.eter’s Sketch Pad so.tware, o.e can o.ly co.clude that no. o.ly the geo.etric requirements fo. arriving at an exact trisectio. o. the 30˚ and 60˚ angle (which have been “pro.en” to.be no.-trisectable) have been met, but also. the co.structio. is valid fo. any arbitrary acute angle, despite theo.etical pro.fs to.the co.trary by Wantzel, Dudley, and o.hers.

关键词： Archimedes’ Co.structio. Co.lege Geo.etry Co.lege Mathematics Angle Trisectio. Famo.s Pro.lems in Mathematics Mechanism Analysis Geo.eter’s Sketch Pad

Climate Trends and Their Impact o. So.ghum Pro.uctio. in Marigat, Baringo.Co.nty: A Histo.ical Analysis

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o.en Jo.rnal o. Mo.ern Hydro.o.y 2024年第2期14卷 106-129页

作者： Kennedy o. o.uku Japheth o. o.yando.Ro.ulus o. o.wany Clement K. Kiptum Department o. Agricultural Engineering Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Scho.l o. Engineering University of Eldoret Eldoret Kenya

Climate is subject to.fluctuatio.s in the majo.ity o. the wo.ld, mainly caused by rainfall as well as temperature variatio.s. Climate fluctuatio.s in Kenya have resulted in the spread o. desert-like co.ditio.s in the ASALs regio., such as Marigat in Baringo.Co.nty. As a co.nty, Baringo.experiences great variatio.s in climate annually, as well as uncertainty in expected rains, thereby negatively impacting the pro.uctio. o. cro.s such as so.ghum. This study applied the rainfall ano.aly index (RAI), standardised precipitatio. evapo.ranspiratio. index (SPEI), standard precipitatio. index (SPI), and Mann-Kendall (MK) statistical test fo. trends o. histo.ical climatic data in analysing bo.h temperature and precipitatio. data o.er the perio. 1990 to.2022 to.determine their trend, patterns and ho. they affect the pro.uctio. o. so.ghum cro.s. The machine learning metho. (R studio. with inputs was used to.calculate the SPI, SPEI, RAI and MK trend test. The rainfall varied fro. belo. average to.abo.e average during the study perio. with no.clear pattern in the RAI, SPEI and SPI values. The years 2020 and 2000 sto.d o.t as they had higher and lo.er rainfall than usual, respectively. The Marigat area generally experienced mo.e rainfall during the high/lo.g rainfall seaso. (AMJJ). The MK trend test o. average mo.thly rainfall, So.D, AMJJ, and annual precipitatio. co.firmed a po.itive trend in precipitatio.. Ho.ever, the sho.t rainy seaso. (So.D) was fo.nd to.be the mo.t variable perio. fo. rainfall, and there was a slight increase in daily average temperatures during this seaso..

关键词： Trends Precipitatio. Temperature RAI SPI SPEI and MK

Abso.ute Wall Thickness Measurement o. Co.ducting Plates Using Pulsed Eddy Currents

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Jo.rnal o. Electro.agnetic Analysis and Applicatio.s 2024年第3期16卷 25-41页

作者： Victo.-o. de Haan Riccardo.Sco.tini Bo.Physics Research and Investigatio.s BV Puttershoek Netherlands

The metho. using pulsed eddy currents to.determine the thickness o. a co.ductio. plate is extended to.enable the simultaneo.s measurement o. the plate thickness and material pro.erties. Fo. o.timal perfo.mance, a pro.e must be designed depending o. the thickness range that sho.ld be accessible. The need fo. a calibratio. o. the material pro.erties o. a co.ducting plate to.enable the measurement o. its thickness has been remo.ed. All that is needed is a pro.e with kno.n dimensio.s and suitable hardware to.create a current pulse and measure a transient magnetic inductio..

关键词： Pulsed Eddy Currents Wall Thickness Abso.ute and Relative Measurements

Utilizatio. o. Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Techno.o.ies by Agripreneurs in o.do.State, Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 439-448页

作者： o.uwato.in Jo. o.o.e o.uwato.in o. Fasina Department o. Agricultural Extensio. and Co.municatio. Techno.o.y Federal University of Technology Akure Akure Nigeria

The research investigated the ado.tio. o. artificial intelligence (AI) techno.-o.ies amo.g agricultural entrepreneurs in o.do.state, Nigeria. A purpo.ive sample o. 120 participants invo.ved in agriculture was selected fo. the study. So.io.co.o.ic characteristics analysis revealed that the mean age o. the re-spo.dents was 48.3 years. A majo.ity (77%) o. the respo.dents were male, and appro.imately 68% were married. Regarding educatio., 32.5% had co.pleted seco.dary educatio., while 32.5% had tertiary educatio.. The av-erage annual inco.e was 1,166,800 naira, with a significant pro.o.tio. (71.7%) identifying as Christians. The study fo.nd a significant asso.iatio. between respo.dents’ awareness levels and their ado.tio. o. AI-enabled techno.o.ies (χ2 = 7.714, p = 0.005). Based o. these findings, it is reco.-mended that extensio. o.ficers receive training in the latest agricultural techno.o.ies, including tho.e enabled by AI. Furthermo.e, the study suggests the intro.uctio. o. easily accessible and user-friendly AI techno.o.ies to.farmers to.enhance their pro.uctivity and inco.e with minimal o. no.co.t implicatio.s.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Agripreneurs Awareness

Enhancement o. defense respo.ses by <i>Clo.o.tachys ro.ea</i>against Bo.rytis <i>cinerea</i>in to.ato.s

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 709-714页

作者： Liana Dalcantara o.go.ya Mo.eko.ba Aijie Wang Zhenzhu Zhang kehinde o. erinle Xiuling Chen Ao.ue Wang Co.leges o. Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China Scho.l o. Municipal and Enviro.mental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Scho.l o. Municipal and Enviro.mental Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Co.leges o. Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China

Clo.o.tachys ro.ea (C. ro.ea) is a bio.o.tro. agent that is used to.co.bat and prevent phyto.atho.enic fungi attacks because o. its ability to.invo.ve many facto.s and diverse mo.es o. actio.. The reactio.s o. C. ro.ea o. the co.tro. o. gray mo.d disease in to.ato.leaves were investigated in this study. To.investigate the reactio.s o. C. ro.ea in inducing resistance to.to.ato.plants, three treatments, including Bo.rytis cinerea treatment (treatment B), C. ro.ea treatment (treatment C), C. ro.ea and B. cinerea treatment (treatment C + B) and water (co.tro.), to.be applied o. to.ato.leaves were set up. Disease severity was subsequently evaluated and co.pared with the co.tro.. The treatment o. to.ato.leaves with C. ro.ea (15 μg/ml) significantly reduced the disease index after ino.ulatio. and severity o. gray mo.d caused by Bo.rytis cinerea. The results indicated that the C. ro.ea treatment stimulated the activity o. the defense related enzymes: Pero.idases (Po.), lipo.ygenases (Lo.) and glutathio.e S-transferases (GST), and the treatment C + B reduced the incidence and severity o. the gray mo.d. Furthermo.e, C. ro.ea treatment increased the activity o. patho.enesis related pro.eins PR1. Therefo.e, o.r results suggest that C. ro.ea co.ld enhance the resistance o. to.ato.plants to.gray mo.d thro.gh the activatio. o. defense genes and via the enhancement o. defense-related enzymatic activities.

关键词： Bo.rytis cinerea Clo.o.tachys ro.ea Defense Enzymes Glutathio.e S-Transferases Li-po.ygenases Pero.idases Patho.enesis Related

Assimilatio. o. Go.S-R Geo.tatio.ary Lightning Mapper Flash Extent Density Data in GSI 3DVar, EnKF, and Hybrid En3DVar fo. the Analysis and Sho.t-Term Fo.ecast o. a Supercell Sto.m Case

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Advances in Atmo.pheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 263-277页

作者： Ro.g Ko.G Ming XUE Edward R.MANSELL Chengsi LIU Alexandre o.FIERRo Center fo. Analysis and Predictio. o. Sto.ms Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A University o. o.laho.a Norman Oklahoma 73072U.S.A No.A/Natio.al Severe Sto.ms Labo.ato.y NormanOklahoma 73072U.S A.4Zentralanstalt für Meteo.o.o.ie und Geo.ynamik Department of Forecasting Models-ZAMGVienna 1190Austria

Capabilities to.assimilate Geo.tatio.ary o.eratio.al Enviro.mental Satellite “R-series ”(Go.S-R) Geo.tatio.ary Lightning Mapper(GLM) flash extent density(FED) data within the o.eratio.al Gridpo.nt Statistical Interpo.atio. ensemble Kalman filter(GSI-EnKF) framewo.k were previo.sly develo.ed and tested with a meso.cale co.vective system(MCS) case. In this study, such capabilities are further develo.ed to.assimilate Go.S GLM FED data within the GSI ensemble-variatio.al(EnVar) hybrid data assimilatio.(DA) framewo.k. The results o. assimilating the GLM FED data using 3DVar, and pure En3DVar(PEn3DVar, using 100% ensemble co.ariance and no.static co.ariance) are co.pared with tho.e o. EnKF/DfEnKF fo. a supercell sto.m case. The fo.us o. this study is to.validate the co.rectness and evaluate the perfo.mance o. the new implementatio. rather than co.paring the perfo.mance o. FED DA amo.g different DA schemes. o.ly the results o. 3DVar and pEn3DVar are examined and co.pared with EnKF/DfEnKF. Assimilatio. o. a single FED o.servatio. sho.s that the magnitude and ho.izo.tal extent o. the analysis increments fro. PEn3DVar are generally larger than fro. EnKF, which is mainly caused by using different lo.alizatio. strategies in EnFK/DfEnKF and PEn3DVar as well as the integratio. limits o. the graupel mass in the o.servatio. o.erato.. o.erall, the fo.ecast perfo.mance o. PEn3DVar is co.parable to.EnKF/DfEnKF, suggesting co.rect implementatio..

关键词： Go.S-R lightning data assimilatio. EnKF EnVar

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阿特拉津污染胁迫对典型细菌DNA损伤研究

东北农业大学学报 2015年第5期46卷 60-67页

作者：张颖鲁莹莹姜昭单德鑫曹博 kehinde o.erinle 东北农业大学资源与环境学院哈尔滨150030

采用随机扩增多态性DNA标记(RAPD)方法,研究阿特拉津浓度为0、25、50、75、100和125 mg·L-1污染胁迫条件下对阿特拉津高效降解菌Arthro.acter sp.DNS10和Acineto.acter sp.DNS32与非阿特拉津降解菌Escherichia co.i K12和Micro.o.cus luteus N19生长影响及基因组DNA损伤情况。结果表明,在阿特拉津污染胁迫24 h后,随阿特拉津浓度增高,Escherichia co.i K12和Micro.o.cus luteus N19生长速度受抑制强度逐渐明显。利用随机引物对上述四种细菌基因组DNA进行PCR扩增。结果表明,菌株Escherichia co.i K12和Micro.o.cus luteus N19处理组与对照组之间RAPD指纹图谱存在明显差异,在阿特拉津浓度为100 mg·L-1时,基因组模板稳定性(GTS)分别降至52.3%和61.2%。同一浓度下,阿特拉津降解菌Acineto.acter sp.DNS32基因组模板稳定性为82.9%,Arthro.acter sp.DNS10基因组模板稳定性为92.1%。研究表明,阿特拉津胁迫对Escherichia co.i K12和Micro.o.cus luteus N19基因组DNA产生损伤;阿特拉津降解菌Arthro.acter sp.DNS10和Acineto.acter sp.DNS32对阿特拉津胁迫有较高耐受性,适于阿特拉津降解。

关键词：随机扩增多态性DNA 阿特拉津细菌基因毒理效应 DNA损伤