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Establishment of a transformation system in close relatives of wheat under the assistance of TaWOX5

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1839-1849页

作者： Yanan Chang Junxian Liu Chang Liu Huiyun Liu Huali tang Yuliang Qiu Zhishan Lin ke wang Yueming Yan Xingguo Ye Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Beijing key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environment Improvement/College of Life Science Capital Normal UniversityBeijing 100048China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China State key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering/Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Species closely related to wheat are important genetic resources for agricultural production,functional genomics studies and wheat *** this study,a wheat gene related to regeneration,TaWOX5,was applied to establish the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation systems of Triticum monococcum,hexaploid triticale,and rye(Secale cereale L.)using their immature *** plants were efficiently *** the transformation process,the Agrobacterium infection efficiency was assessed by histochemical staining forβ-glucuronidase(GUS).Finally,the transgenic nature of regenerated plants was verified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-based genotyping for the presence of the GUS and bialaphos resistance(bar)genes,histochemical staining for GUS protein,and the QuickStix strip assay for bar *** transformation efficiency of *** genotype PI428182 was 94.4%;the efficiencies of four hexaploid triticale genotypes Lin456,ZS3297,ZS1257,and ZS3224 were 52.1,41.2,19.4,and 16.0%,respectively;and the transformation efficiency of rye cultivar Lanzhou Heimai was 7.8%.Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)and genomic in situ hybridization(GISH)analyses indicated that the GUS transgenes were integrated into the distal or near centromere(proximal)regions of the chromosomes in transgenic *** and hexaploid triticale *** the transgenic hexaploid triticale plants,the foreign DNA fragment was randomly integrated into the AABB and RR ***,the transgene was almost stably inherited in the next generation by Mendel’s *** findings in this study will promote the genetic improvement of the three plant species for grain or forage production and the improvement of cereal species including wheat for functional genomics studies.

关键词： Triticum monococcum hexaploid triticale rye TaWOX5 Agrobacterium transformation efficiency

Root cause of corrosion failure of tin coating on wire clamp in marine atmosphere

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第4期31卷 998-1014页

作者： Zhen Zhong wang-yan Ly Teng-yuan Liu Yi Xie Yang Yang Zhen-zhu wang Deng-ke Li Xiao-bo Li tang-qing Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510080GuangdongChina Shenyang National L aboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016LiaoningChina School of Materials Science and Engineering.University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016LiaoningChina Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Hunan Electric Power CompanyChangsha 410007HunanChina School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105HunanChina School of Information Science and Engineering Changsha Normal UniversityChangsha 410199HunanChina

The failure cause of a tinned copper wire clamp in marine atmosphere was studied systematically by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and electrochemical *** main components of the green rust on the surface of the damaged wire clamp are SnO_(2),CuO,Cu_(2)Cl(OH)_(3) and CuCO(OH)_(2).Much of green rust distributes at the platform edge along the axial direction on the crimp connection,and severe corrosion and corrosion pits occur at the platform edge zone along the axial *** enriching Cl-at the marine atmosphere and the existing O_(2) in air collectively enhance the corrosion process of the tin coating and the copper *** element model results show that the residual stress and strain of the tin coating are the largest at the platform edge along the axial direction on the crimp connection,and the corresponding electrode potential of the tin coating at this zone drops *** above results indicate that the residual strain increases the driving force of the corrosion electrochemical reactions and accelerates the corrosion rate and the pit corrosion of the tin coating at this zone.

关键词： Tin coating Marine atmosphere Residual strain-Chloride ion Corrosion failure

Improve meat production and virus resistance by simultaneously editing multiple genes in livestock using Cas12i^(Max)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 555-564页

作者： Jilong Ren tang Hai Yangcan Chen ke Sun Zhiqiang Han Jing wang Chongyang Li Qingwei wang Leyun wang Huabing Zhu Dawei Yu Wei Li Shanjiang Zhao State key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Key Laboratory of Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInstitute of Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China State key Laboratoryf Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Instituteof ZooogyChinese Academyof SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Beijing Farm Animal Research Center Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated gene(Cas) system is continually optimized to achieve the most efficient gene editing effect. The Cas12i^(Max), a Cas12i variant, exhibits powerful DNA editing activity and enriches the gene editing toolbox. However, the application of Cas12i^(Max)in large domestic animals has not yet been reported. To verify the efficiency and feasibility of multiple gene editing in large animals, we generated porcine fibroblasts with simultaneous knockouts of IGF2, ANPEP, CD163,and MSTN via Cas12i^(Max)in one step. Phenotypically stable pigs were created through somatic cell nuclear transfer technology. They exhibited improved growth performance and muscle quality. Furthermore, we simultaneously edited three genes in bovine fibroblasts. A knockout of MSTN and PRNP was created and the amino acid Q-G in CD18 was precisely substituted. Meanwhile, no off-target phenomenon was observed by sum-type analysis or off-target detection. These results verified the effectiveness of Cas12i^(Max)for gene editing in livestock animals and demonstrated the potential application of Cas12i^(Max)in the field of animal trait improvement for agricultural production.

关键词： Cas12i^(Max) gene editing livestock multiple trait improvement

Experimental study on reactions between alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes: constraints on the evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第2期43卷 354-365页

作者： Hanqi He Mingliang wang Hongfeng tang key Laboratory for High Temperature and High Pressure Study of the Earth’s Interior Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Resource and Civil Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000AnhuiChina

The experimental results of the reactions between an alkaline basaltic melt and mantle orthopyroxenes under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions of 1300–1400℃ and 2.0–3.0 GPa using a six-anvil apparatus are reported in this *** reactions are proposed to simulate the interactions between melts from the asthenospheric mantle and the lithospheric *** starting melt in the experiments was made from the alkaline basalt occurring in Fuxin,Liaoning Province,and the orthopyroxenes were separated from the mantle xenoliths in Damaping,Hebei *** results show that clinopyroxenes were formed in all the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes under the studied P–T *** formation of clinopyroxene in the reaction zone is mainly controlled by dissolution–crystallization,and the chemical compositions of the reacted melt are primarily infl uenced by the diff usion eff *** is the most important parameter controlling the reactions between the melt and orthopyroxenes,which has a direct impact on the melting of orthopyroxenes and the diff usion of chemical components in the *** also directly controls the chemical compositions of the newly formed clinopyroxenes in the reaction zone and the reacted *** formation of clinopyroxenes from the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt and orthopyroxenes can result in an increase of CaO and Al_(2)O_(3) contents in the rocks containing this ***,the reactions between the alkaline basaltic melt from the asthenospheric mantle and orthopyroxenes from the lithospheric mantle can lead to the evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton from refractory to fertile with relatively high CaO and Al 2 O 3 *** addition,the reacted melts in some runs were transformed from the starting alkaline basaltic into tholeiitic after reactions,indicating that tholeiitic magma could be generated from alkaline basaltic one via reactions betwe

关键词： Alkaline basaltic melt Orthopyroxene Melt–mineral reaction High-temperature and high-pressure experiment Genesis of basalt Evolution of lithospheric mantle in the North China Craton

Inheritance of the exciton geometric structure from Bloch electrons in two-dimensional layered semiconductors

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第4期19卷 25-35页

作者： Jianju tang Songlei wang Hongyi Yu Guangdong Provincial key Laboratory of Quantum Metrology and Sensing&School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-sen University(Zhuhai Campus)Zhuhai 519082China State key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies Sun Yat-sen University(Guangzhou Campus)Guangzhou 510275China

We theoretically studied the exciton geometric structure in layered semiconducting transition metal *** on a three-orbital tight-binding model for Bloch electrons which incorporates their geometric structures,an effective exciton Hamiltonian is constructed and solved perturbatively to reveal the relation between the exciton and its electron/hole *** show that the electron−hole Coulomb interaction gives rise to a non-trivial inheritance of the exciton geometric structure from Bloch electrons,which manifests as a valley-dependent center-of-mass anomalous Hall velocity of the exciton when two external fields are applied on the electron and hole constituents,*** obtained center-of-mass anomalous velocity is found to exhibit a non-trivial dependence on the fields,as well as the wave function and valley index of the *** findings can serve as a general guide for the field-control of the valley-dependent exciton transport,enabling the design of novel quantum optoelectronic and valleytronic devices.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides exciton geometric structure Berry curvature van der Waals stacking

Trophic niche and adaptation in highland lizards:sex has greater influences than species matching

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 564-576页

作者： Shengnan YANG Jiapeng QU ke tang Xinquan ZHAO Huakun ZHOU Junhua HU Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina Qinghai Provincial key Laboratory of Restoration Ecology for Cold Region Northwest lnstitute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXiningChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Qinghai University XiningChina

The plateau environments are typically arid,cool,and high altitude,posing formidable challenges to wildlife survival due to resource scarcity and harsh *** ecological adaptability in severe conditions requires a deeper understanding of the niche characteristics of plateau *** niche,which is a comprehensive indicator describing the energy acquisition strategy of animals,remains relatively understudied in plateau ***,by combining stable isotopes and morphological data,we quantified the trophic niches of two allopatric lizard species(Phrynocephalus vlangalii and ***)that live in the hinterland of the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau,and explored how their trophic niches correlate with morphological and environmental *** both trophic niche and morphological traits were similar between species,noteworthy distinctions were observed between male and female Phrynocephalus *** morphological traits associated with predation(*** length and head size)and reproduction(*** length),annual mean temperature,and sex played influential roles in shifting trophic *** results imply that sexual dimorphism may facilitate inter-sex divergence in resource utilization,leading to trophic niche variations in the highland ***,extreme environmental stress can constrain interspecific divergence in morphological and trophic *** findings illustrate the dynamic variations of trophic niches in highland lizards,contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the adaptation strategies employed by lizard species in plateau environments.

关键词： environmental adaptation Phrynocephalus Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau sexual dimorphism stable isotope

Numerical study on the cavity dynamics for vertical water entries of twin spheres

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 459-472页

作者： Xu wang Xujian Lyu Ruisheng Sun Dongdong tang School of Energy and Power Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing210094China Shanghai Institute of Spacecraft Equipment Shanghai200240China

In this study, a three dimensional(3D) numerical model of six-degrees-of-freedom(6DOF) is applied to simulate the water entries of twin spheres side-by-side at different lateral distances and time *** turbulence structure is described using the shear-stress transport k-ω(SST k-ω) model, and the volume of fluid(VOF) method is used to track the complex air-liquid interface. The motion of spheres during water entry is simulated using an independent overset grid. The numerical model is verified by comparing the cavity evolution results from simulations and experiments. Numerical results reveal that the time interval between the twin water entries evidently affects cavity expansion and contraction behaviors in the radial direction. However, this influence is significantly weakened by increasing the lateral distance between the two spheres. In synchronous water entries, pressure is reduced on the midline of two cavities during surface closure, which is directly related to the cavity volume. The evolution of vortexes inside the two cavities is analyzed using a velocity vector field, which is affected by the lateral distance and time interval of water entries.

关键词： Twin water entries Side-by-side Cavity Numerical simulation

The Investigation of Data Voting Algorithm for Train Air-Braking System Based on Multi-Classification SVM and ANFIS

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 274-281页

作者： Juhan wang Ying GAO Yuan CAO Tao tang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Graduate Department China Academy of Railway Science National Engineering Research Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong University

The pressure data of the train air braking system is of great significance to accurately evaluate its operation state. In order to overcome the influence of sensor fault on the pressure data of train air braking system, it is necessary to design a set of sensor fault-tolerant voting mechanism to ensure that in the case of a pressure sensor fault, the system can accurately identify and locate the position of the faulty sensor, and estimate the fault data according to other normal data. A fault-tolerant mechanism based on multi-classification support vector machine(SVM) and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) is introduced. Multi-classification SVM is used to identify and locate the system fault state, and ANFIS is used to estimate the real data of the fault sensor. After estimation, the system will compare the real data of the fault sensor with the ANFIS estimated data. If it is similar,the system will recognize that there is a false alarm and record it. Then the paper tests the whole mechanism based on the real data. The test shows that the system can identify the fault samples and reduce the occurrence of false alarms.

关键词： Support vector machines Fault diagnosis Pressure sensors Fuzzy logic Fault tolerance Adaptive systems Fault tolerant systems

Deep-reinforcement-learning-based UAV autonomous navigation and collision avoidance in unknown environments

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 237-257页

作者： Fei wang Xiaoping ZHU Zhou ZHOU Yang tang School of Astronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

In some military application scenarios,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)need to perform missions with the assistance of on-board cameras when radar is not available and communication is interrupted,which brings challenges for UAV autonomous navigation and collision *** this paper,an improved deep-reinforcement-learning algorithm,Deep Q-Network with a Faster R-CNN model and a Data Deposit Mechanism(FRDDM-DQN),is proposed.A Faster R-CNN model(FR)is introduced and optimized to obtain the ability to extract obstacle information from images,and a new replay memory Data Deposit Mechanism(DDM)is designed to train an agent with a better *** training,a two-part training approach is used to reduce the time spent on training as well as retraining when the scenario *** order to verify the performance of the proposed method,a series of experiments,including training experiments,test experiments,and typical episodes experiments,is conducted in a 3D simulation *** results show that the agent trained by the proposed FRDDM-DQN has the ability to navigate autonomously and avoid collisions,and performs better compared to the FRDQN,FR-DDQN,FR-Dueling DQN,YOLO-based YDDM-DQN,and original FR outputbased FR-ODQN.

关键词： Faster R-CNN model Replay memory Data Deposit Mechanism(DDM) Two-part training approach Image-based Autonomous Navigation and Collision Avoidance(ANCA) Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)