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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 821-832页

作者： WEI SHI YINGCHUAN HE JIANLIN WANG LULU ZHOU JIANWEI CHEN LIWEI ZHOU ZEYU XI ZHEN WANG Ke fang YIMING LI Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China

Single-molecule localization microscopy(SMLM)enables three-dimensional(3D)investigation of nanoscale structures in biological samples,offering unique insights into their organization.However,traditional 3D super-resolution microscopy using high numerical aperture(NA)objectives is limited by imaging depth of field(DOF),restricting their practical application to relatively thin biological samples.Here,we developed a unified solution for thick sample super-resolution imaging using a deformable mirror(DM)which served for fast remote focusing,optimized point spread function(PSF)engineering,and accurate aberration correction.By effectively correcting the system aberrations introduced during remote focusing and sample aberrations at different imaging depths,we achieved high-accuracy,large DOF imaging(~8μm)of the whole-cell organelles[i.e.,nuclear pore complex(NPC),microtubules,and mitochondria]with a nearly uniform resolution of approximately 35 nm across the entire cellular volume.

关键词： enable mirror resolution

Orbital angular momentum-mediated machine learning for high-accuracy mode-feature encoding

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第3期13卷 466-477页

作者： Xinyuan fang Xiaonan Hu Baoli Li Hang Su ke Cheng Haitao Luan Min Gu Institute of Photonic Chips University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China Centre for Artificial-Intelligence Nanophotonics School of Optical-Electrical and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China

Machine learning with optical neural networks has featured unique advantages of the information processing including high speed,ultrawide bandwidths and low energy consumption because the optical dimensions(time,space,wavelength,and polarization)could be utilized to increase the degree of freedom.However,due to the lack of the capability to extract the information features in the orbital angular momentum(OAM)domain,the theoretically unlimited OAM states have never been exploited to represent the signal of the input/output nodes in the neural network model.Here,we demonstrate OAM-mediated machine learning with an all-optical convolutional neural network(CNN)based on Laguerre-Gaussian(LG)beam modes with diverse diffraction losses.The proposed CNN architecture is composed of a trainable OAM mode-dispersion impulse as a convolutional kernel for feature extraction,and deep-learning diffractive layers as a classifier.The resultant OAM mode-dispersion selectivity can be applied in information mode-feature encoding,leading to an accuracy as high as 97.2%for MNIST database through detecting the energy weighting coefficients of the encoded OAM modes,as well as a resistance to eavesdropping in point-to-point free-space transmission.Moreover,through extending the target encoded modes into multiplexed OAM states,we realize all-optical dimension reduction for anomaly detection with an accuracy of 85%.Our work provides a deep insight to the mechanism of machine learning with spatial modes basis,which can be further utilized to improve the performances of various machine-vision tasks by constructing the unsupervised learning-based auto-encoder.

关键词： polarization mode momentum

Exploring noncoding variants in genetic diseases:from detection to functional insights

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第2期51卷 111-132页

作者： ke Wu Fengxiao Bu Yang Wu Gen Zhang Xin Wang Shunmin He Mo-fang Liu Runsheng Chen Huijun Yuan Institute of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang 310024China key Laboratory of RNA Biology Center for Big Data Research in HealthInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State key Laboratory of Molecular Biology State Key Laboratory of Cell BiologyShanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyCenter for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

Previous studies on genetic diseases predominantly focused on protein-coding variations, overlooking the vast noncoding regions in the human genome. The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and functional genomics tools has enabled the systematic identification of functional noncoding variants. These variants can impact gene expression, regulation, and chromatin conformation, thereby contributing to disease pathogenesis. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the impact of noncoding variants on genetic diseases is indispensable for the development of precisely targeted therapies and the implementation of personalized medicine strategies. The intricacies of noncoding regions introduce a multitude of challenges and research opportunities. In this review, we introduce a spectrum of noncoding variants involved in genetic diseases, along with research strategies and advanced technologies for their precise identification and in-depth understanding of the complexity of the noncoding genome. We will delve into the research challenges and propose potential solutions for unraveling the genetic basis of rare and complex diseases.

关键词： Noncoding variation Genetic disease Research approach Challenge

Constructing inter-diffusive PtCuNi/WO_(3)interface to enhance the catalytic activity and stability in oxygen reduction

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Tungsten 2024年第2期6卷 293-303页

作者： Hao-Zhe Xu Dong Li Ying Chen Pin fang Xiao-Xing ke Olga Demidenko Yu-Jing Li Beijing key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications Experimental Center of Advanced MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Scientifi c-Practical Materials Research Centre National Academy of Sciences of Belarus220072 MinskBelarus

Platinum-group-metal-based alloy nanocrystals have been considered as the most effi cient catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).However,the poor stability issues limit their further deployment in industrialization.Tungsten oxide(WO_(3))has received attention due to its intrinsic electrochemical stability and proton absorption/desorption capability.In this work,we prepared PtCuNi/WO_(3)/C hybrid catalyst with inter-diff usive alloy/WO_(3)interface on carbon.The catalyst exhibits enhanced activity and stability associated with the WO_(3)content.The characterization results suggest that the increased activity originates from the complementary proton supply of non-stoichiometric H_(x)WO_(3).Moreover,WO_(3)prevents the particle from dissolution and detachment under vigorous electrochemical polarizations.The enhanced stability originates from the electronic interaction established between Pt and W.This work provides new strategies to design high-performance ORR catalysts by taking the merits of WO_(3)。

关键词： Tungsten oxide PtCuNi Interface Electronic interaction

Elucidating the cardioprotective mechanisms of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors beyond glycemic control

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 137-141页

作者： ke-Xin Zhang Cheng-Xia Kan fang Han Jing-Wen Zhang Xiao-Dong Sun Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical UniversityWeifang 261031Shandong ProvinceChina

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2(SGLT2)inhibitors have emerged as a pivotal intervention in diabetes management,offering significant cardiovascular benefits.Empagliflozin,in particular,has demonstrated cardioprotective effects beyond its glucose-lowering action,reducing heart failure hospitalizations and improving cardiac function.Of note,the cardioprotective mechanisms appear to be independent of glucose lowering,possibly mediated through several mechanisms involving shifts in cardiac metabolism and anti-fibrotic,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidative pathways.This editorial summarizes the multifaceted cardiovascular advantages of SGLT2 inhibitors,highlighting the need for further research to elucidate their full therapeutic potential in cardiac care.

关键词： Diabetes Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 Cardiovascular diseases Empagliflozin

Interpretation of the Standards of Basic Dataset of Chronic Diseases Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance in Adults

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期37卷 551-556页

作者： ZHAO Yan fang ZHANG Mei WEI Wen Qiang SUN ke Xin LI Xin Hua WANG Li Min National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention(NCNCD) Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100050China Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021China Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206China People's Medical Publishing House Beijing 100021China

BACKGROUND China’s Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)originated from the World Bankfunded HealthⅦLoan Project in the 1990s,which conducted behavioral risk factor surveillance in seven cities and one province^([1]).Drawing on the World Health Organization’s(WHO)STEPwise approach to surveillance(STEPs)and the U.S.Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS)^([2,3]).

关键词： funded Basic originated

Effects of the windshield inclination angle on head/brain injuries in car-to-pedestrian collisions using computational biomechanics models

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Transportation Safety and Environment 2024年第2期6卷 1-12页

作者： fang Wang Mingliang Wang Lin Hu ke Peng Jiajie Yin Danqi Wang Liangliang Shi Zhou Zhou School of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114HunanChina Hunan Province key Laboratory of Safety Design and Reliability Technology for Engineering Vehicle Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha 410114HunanChina State key Laboratory of Vehicle NVH and Safety Technology China Automotive Engineering Research Institute Co.Ltd.Chongqing 401122China Division of Neuronic Engineering KTH Ro y al Institute of TechnologyStockholm 14152Sweden

Car-to-pedestrian collision(CPC)accidents occur frequently,and pedestrians often suffer serious head/brain injuries.One major cause is the primary impact with the windshield.Here,we use an umerical sim ulation method to study the influence of the windshield in-clination angle of a passenger car on pedestrian head/brain injury due to CPC accidents.The range of the windshield inclination angle was set at 24°-50°,with an interval of 2°.The results show that the windshield angle significantly affects the pedestrian kine-matics and exerts different effects on the head injury when evaluating with various head injury criteria.Regarding the head peak linear/rotational acceleration and acceleration-based head injury criterion(HIC)/rotational injury criterion(RIC),the predictions at the secondary impact stage have no clear relationship with the windshield angle(R^(2)=0.04,0.07,0.03 and 0.26,respectively)and their distributions are scattered.In the primary impact,the peak linear acceleration and HIC show a weak trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increasing of the windshield angle,and the rotational acceleration and RIC tend to remain relatively con-stant.Regarding the cum ulative strain dama ge measure(CSDM)criterion,the predictions at the primary impact are slightly lower than those at the secondary impact,and the trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the increase in the windshield angle is observed at both impact stages.When the windshield inclination angle is approximately 32°-40°,the head injury severity in both impact phases is generally lower than that predicted at other windshield angles.

关键词： car-to-pedestrian collision(CPC) head/brain injury head injury criterion(HIC) windshield inclination angle computa-tional biomechanics model(CPCBM)

Clinical observation of extraction-site incisional hernia after laparoscopic colorectal surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 710-716页

作者： Bao-Hang Fan ke-Li Zhong Li-Jin Zhu Zhao Chen fang Li Wen-Fei Wu Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shenzhen People’s Hospital(The Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityThe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Radiation Oncology Shenzhen People’s Hospital(The Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityThe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery increases the risk of incisional hernia(IH)at the tumor extraction site.AIM To investigate the incidence of IH at extraction sites following laparoscopic colo-rectal cancer surgery and identify the risk factors for IH incidence.METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 1614 patients who underwent la-paroscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery with tumor extraction through the abdominal wall at our center between January 2017 and December 2022.Diffe-rences in the incidence of postoperative IH at different extraction sites and the risk factors for IH incidence were investigated.RESULTS Among the 1614 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery,303(18.8%),923(57.2%),171(10.6%),and 217(13.4%)tumors were ex-tracted through supraumbilical midline,infraumbilical midline,umbilical,and off-midline incisions.Of these,52 patients developed IH in the abdominal wall,with an incidence of 3.2%.The incidence of postoperative IH was significantly higher in the off-midline incision group(8.8%)than in the middle incision groups[the supraumbilical midline(2.6%),infraumbilical midline(2.2%),and umbilical incision(2.9%)groups](χ^(2)=24.985;P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that IH occurrence was associated with age,obesity,sex,chronic cough,incision infection,and combined diabetes,anemia,and hypopro-teinemia(P<0.05).Similarly,multivariate analysis showed that off-midline incision,age,sex(female),obesity,incision infection,combined chronic cough,and hypoproteinemia were independent risk factors for IH at the site of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The incidence of postoperative IH differs between extraction sites for laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.The infraumbilical midline incision is associated with a lower hernia rate and is thus a suitable tumor extraction site.

关键词： Incisional hernia Laparoscopy Colorectal cancer Incision infection

Interface engineering strategy via electron-defect trimethyl borate additive toward 4.7 V ultrahigh-nickel LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第5期92卷 639-647页

作者： Yilin Zhang Yuqing Chen Qiu He Jinlong ke Wei Wang Jian-fang Wu Peng Gao Yanhua Li Jilei Liu College of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology for Clean EnergyHunan Province Key Laboratory for Advanced Carbon Materials and Applied TechnologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina School of Materials Science and Engineering Hunan Institute of TechnologyHengyang 421002HunanChina

The Li metal battery with ultrahigh-nickel cathode(LiNi_(x)M_(1-x)O_(2),M=Mn,Co,and x≥0.9)under high-voltage is regarded as one of the most promising approaches to fulfill the ambitious target of 400 Wh/kg.However,the practical application is impeded by the instability of electrode/electrolyte interface and Ni-rich cathode itself.Herein we proposed an electron-defect electrolyte additive trimethyl borate(TMB)which is paired with the commercial carbonate electrolyte to construct highly conductive fluorine-and boron-rich cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)on LiNi_(0.9)Co_(0.05)Mn_(0.05)O_(2)(NCM90)surface and solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on lithium metal surface.The modified CEI effectively mitigates the structural transformation from layered to disordered rock-salt phase,and consequently alleviate the dissolution of transition metal ions(TMs)and its“cross-talk”effect,while the enhanced SEI enables stable lithium plating/striping and thus demonstrated good compatibility between electrolyte and lithium metal anode.As a result,the common electrolyte with 1 wt%TMB enables 4.7 V NCM90/Li cell cycle stably over 100 cycles with 70%capacity retention.This work highlights the significance of the electron-defect boron compounds for designing desirable interfacial chemistries to achieve high performance NCM90/Li battery under high voltage operation.

关键词： NCM90 batteries Electrolyte additive Trimethyl borate

FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第3期35卷 96-108页

作者： Wei Jiang Ping Cao Yi-Ming Wu Xian-ke Liu Zhu-Jun fang Zhi-Yong Zhang Bin Shi Jun Chen State key Laboratory of Particle Detection and Electronics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Modern Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China National key Laboratory for Metrology and Calibration Techniques China Institute of Atomic EnergyBeijing 102413China

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber principle.This method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined RAM.The performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data transmission.The experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 mm.The beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction method.The online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.

关键词： Position reconstruction FPGA Readout electronics Neutron flux spatial distribution