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Byzantine Robust Federated Learning Scheme Based on Backdoor Triggers

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2813-2831页

作者： Zheng Yang ke gu Yiming Zuo School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

Federated learning is widely used to solve the problem of data decentralization and can provide privacy protectionfor data owners. However, since multiple participants are required in federated learning, this allows attackers tocompromise. Byzantine attacks pose great threats to federated learning. Byzantine attackers upload maliciouslycreated local models to the server to affect the prediction performance and training speed of the global model. Todefend against Byzantine attacks, we propose a Byzantine robust federated learning scheme based on backdoortriggers. In our scheme, backdoor triggers are embedded into benign data samples, and then malicious localmodels can be identified by the server according to its validation dataset. Furthermore, we calculate the adjustmentfactors of local models according to the parameters of their final layers, which are used to defend against datapoisoning-based Byzantine attacks. To further enhance the robustness of our scheme, each localmodel is weightedand aggregated according to the number of times it is identified as malicious. Relevant experimental data showthat our scheme is effective against Byzantine attacks in both independent identically distributed (IID) and nonindependentidentically distributed (non-IID) scenarios.

关键词： Federated learning Byzantine attacks backdoor triggers

VKFQ:A Verifiable keyword Frequency Query Framework with Local Differential Privacy in Blockchain

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 4205-4223页

作者： Youlin Ji Bo Yin ke gu School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and TechnologyChangsha410114China

With its untameable and traceable properties,blockchain technology has been widely used in the field of data *** to preserve individual privacy while enabling efficient data queries is one of the primary issues with secure data *** this paper,we study verifiable keyword frequency(KF)queries with local differential privacy in *** the numerical and the keyword attributes are present in data objects;the latter are sensitive and require privacy ***,prior studies in blockchain have the problem of trilemma in privacy protection and are unable to handle KF *** propose an efficient framework that protects data owners’privacy on keyword attributes while enabling quick and verifiable query processing for KF *** framework computes an estimate of a keyword’s frequency and is efficient in query time and verification object(VO)size.A utility-optimized local differential privacy technique is used for privacy *** data owner adds noise locally into data based on local differential privacy so that the attacker cannot infer the owner of the keywords while keeping the difference in the probability distribution of the KF within the privacy *** propose the VB-cm tree as the authenticated data structure(ADS).The VB-cm tree combines the Verkle tree and the Count-Min sketch(CM-sketch)to lower the VO size and query *** VB-cm tree uses the vector commitment to verify the query *** fixed-size CM-sketch,which summarizes the frequency of multiple keywords,is used to estimate the KF via hashing *** conduct an extensive evaluation of the proposed *** experimental results show that compared to theMerkle B+tree,the query time is reduced by 52.38%,and the VO size is reduced by more than one order of magnitude.

关键词： Security data sharing blockchain data query privacy protection

Secure and Efficient Multi-proxy Signature Scheme in the Standard Model

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2016年第1期25卷 93-99页

作者： gu ke JIA Weijia DENG Yueming NIE Xiaoyi School of Computer and Communication Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology School of Information Science and Engineering Central South University College of Physical and Information Science Hunan Normal University Information Science and Technology College Hunan Agricultural University

Multi-proxy signature is a variant of proxy signature, which allows that a delegator may delegate his signing rights to many proxy signers. Compared with proxy signature, multi-proxy signature can effectively prevent that some of proxy signers abuse signing rights. In this paper, we propose an efficient multi-proxy signature scheme in the standard model, which is based on the Waters’ signature scheme. Compared with other multi-proxy signature schemes in the standard model, the proposed scheme further reduces the amount of computations and communications.

关键词： Multi-proxy signature Efficiency Provable security Computational Diffie-Hellman(CDH) as sumption

A Self-Organizing RBF Neural Network Based on Distance Concentration Immune Algorithm

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第1期7卷 276-291页

作者： Junfei Qiao Fei Li Cuili Yang Wenjing Li ke gu Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100083China

Radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) is an effective algorithm in nonlinear system identification. How to properly adjust the structure and parameters of RBFNN is quite challenging. To solve this problem, a distance concentration immune algorithm(DCIA) is proposed to self-organize the structure and parameters of the RBFNN in this paper. First, the distance concentration algorithm, which increases the diversity of antibodies, is used to find the global optimal solution. Secondly,the information processing strength(IPS) algorithm is used to avoid the instability that is caused by the hidden layer with neurons split or deleted randomly. However, to improve the forecasting accuracy and reduce the computation time, a sample with the most frequent occurrence of maximum error is proposed to regulate the parameters of the new neuron. In addition, the convergence proof of a self-organizing RBF neural network based on distance concentration immune algorithm(DCIA-SORBFNN) is applied to guarantee the feasibility of algorithm. Finally, several nonlinear functions are used to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed DCIASORBFNN has achieved better nonlinear approximation ability than that of the art relevant competitors.

关键词： Distance concentration immune algorithm(DCIA) information processing strength(IPS) radial basis function neural network(RBFNN)

A hybrid attention model based on first-order statistical features for smoke recognition

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第3期67卷 809-822页

作者： guO Nan LIU JiaHui DI keXin gu ke QIAO JunFei Beijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protection Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent SystemBeijing Artificial Intelligence InstituteBeijing 100124China Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Smoke and fire recognition are of great importance on foreseeing fire disasters and preventing environmental pollution by monitoring the burning process of objects(e.g., straw, fuels). However, since fire images suffer from problems like the variability of the features, complexity of scenarios, interference from background, changeable weather conditions as well as image quality problems, identifying smoke and fire accurately and promptly from a given image still remains a substantial challenge. Automatically learning the features of smoke images by CNNs has improved the target recognition ability compared to traditional approaches,nonetheless, convolutions and pooling operations in CNNs may cause severe information loss which may lead to *** tackle the above problems, this paper proposed a hybrid attention model based on the characteristics of smoke images. This model adopted multiple optimized attention mechanism in several stages to quickly and precisely capture the important features,achieving state-of-the-art performance on smoke and fire recognition in terms of accuracy and speed. Our proposed module mainly consists of two stages: pooling and attention. In the first stage, we conducted several newly proposed first-order pooling methods. Through traversing the data space in a larger scope, features are better reserved, thus constructing a more intact feature space of smoke and fire in an image. In the second stage, feature maps are aggregated together to perform channel and spatial attention. The channel and spatial dependencies allow us to quickly catch the important features presented in an image. By fully exploring the feature space and prominent salient features, characteristics of smoke and fire are better presented so as to obtain better smoke and fire detection results. Experiments have been conducted on public smoke detection dataset and new proposed fine-grained smoke and fire detection database. Experimental results revealed that the propose

关键词： hybrid attention first-order pooling smoke and fire detection deep convolutional neural networks

Wax deposition modeling in oil-water stratified pipe flow

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Petroleum Science 2023年第1期20卷 526-539页

作者： Hui-Shu Liu Ji-Miao Duan Jiang Li Jian Wang Hao Yan ke-Yu Lin ke-Cheng gu Chang-Jun Li Petroleum Engineering School Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China Petroleum Oil and Lubricants DepartmentArmy Logistics AcademyChongqing401311China

Wax deposition in oil-water stratified flow is commonly encountered onshore and offshore oil production pipe systems,and typically reduces transportation capacity of *** accurate predicted model of wax deposition has becomes an indispensable approach to design effective remediation ***,a reliable mechanistic model for wax deposition prediction in oil-water two-phase stratified pipe flow is lacking to validate the deposition *** this work,a three-dimensional(axial,radial,and angular)robust wax deposit model for oil-water stratified circular pipe flow was *** model of formation of a gel deposit based on the first principles of rheology was developed,associated with the results obtained from hydrodynamics and heat/mass transfer *** predictions for wax deposition are found to compare satisfactorily with experimental data with two different oils for single phase and four different water cuts for oil-water stratified pipe *** can be seen from the wax gelation mechanism that an increase in water cut can help to reduce the wall/oil-deposit interface shear stress,thereby leading to an increase in the degree of gelation as well as the deposit ***,a local deposit analysis in the circumferential direction was conducted,for water cut 75%and total flow rate 5 m3/h,which provided insights to understand that the thickness on pipe wall was roughly uniformly distributed locates near the top of the pipe and the nearer the position gets close to two points,where the oil-water interface contacts the inner wall,the deposition thickness quickly dropped to *** was attributed to the fact that a roughly uniformly thickness far away from the oil-water interface contact the inner wall resulted in the slowly changes temperature along the circumferential pipe wall wetted by oil.

关键词： Wax deposition Oil-water flow Stratified flow Heat and mass transfer

No-Reference Quality Assessment of Enhanced Images

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China Communications 2016年第9期13卷 121-130页

作者： Leida Li Wei Shen ke gu Jinjian Wu Beijing Chen Jianying Zhang School of Information and Electrical Engineering China University of Mining and Technology School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

Image enhancement is a popular technique,which is widely used to improve the visual quality of *** image enhancement has been extensively investigated,the relevant quality assessment of enhanced images remains an open problem,which may hinder further development of enhancement *** this paper,a no-reference quality metric for digitally enhanced images is *** kinds of features are extracted for characterizing the quality of enhanced images,including non-structural information,sharpness and ***,a total of 42 perceptual features are extracted and used to train a support vector regression(SVR) ***,the trained SVR model is used for predicting the quality of enhanced *** performance of the proposed method is evaluated on several enhancement-related databases,including a new enhanced image database built by the *** experimental results demonstrate the efficiency and advantage of the proposed metric.

关键词： image enhancement quality assessment no-reference perceptual feature SVR

联合应用二甲双胍、紫杉醇化疗对2型糖尿病合并食管癌患者临床疗效、血糖水平、肿瘤标志物的影响

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世界华人消化杂志 2025年第2期33卷 114-121页

作者：施文文柯海姑陈淑卿盛敏慧杭州市肿瘤医院药学部浙江省杭州市310000

背景二甲双胍是2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的一线药物,紫杉醇是食管癌常用化疗药物,对于T2DM合并食管癌患者,在抗肿瘤的同时还需关注血糖的控制情况,二甲双胍、紫杉醇化疗联合应用可能提升T2DM合并食管癌患者的治疗效果... 详细信息

背景二甲双胍是2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的一线药物,紫杉醇是食管癌常用化疗药物,对于T2DM合并食管癌患者,在抗肿瘤的同时还需关注血糖的控制情况,二甲双胍、紫杉醇化疗联合应用可能提升T2DM合并食管癌患者的治疗效果.目的探究二甲双胍和紫杉醇化疗联合在2型糖尿病(type2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并食管癌患者中的应用效果,并分析对血糖水平、肿瘤标志物的影响.方法选取2018-10/2022-10我院收治的200例T2DM合并食管癌患者,根据治疗方案分为研究组、对照组,各100例,均给予基础控糖、放化疗,对照组给予紫杉醇化疗,研究组联合应用二甲双胍和紫杉醇化疗,比较两组疗效、糖代谢水平[空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hours postprandial blood glucose,2 h PBG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin A1c,HbAlc)]、肿瘤标志物水平[糖链抗原724(carbohydrate antigen 724,CA724)、细胞角蛋白19片段(cytokeratin-19-fragment,CYFRA21-1)、鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(squamous cell carcinoma antigen,SCC)、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)]、miR-126、miR-21水平、不良反应及生存率.结果治疗1、3个疗程后,两组FBG、2 h PBG、HbAlc水平均较治疗前下降,且研究组低于对照组,治疗3个疗程后对照组FBG、2 h PBG、HbAlc水平均高于治疗1个疗程后(P<0.05);治疗1、3个疗程后,两组血清SCC、CA724、CEA、CYFRA21-1水平均较治疗前下降,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗1、3个疗程后,两组血清miR-126水平均较治疗前升高,血清miR-21水平均较治疗前下降,且研究组血清miR-126水平高于对照组,血清miR-21水平低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3个疗程研究组疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)、客观缓解率(objective response rate,ORR)均高于对照组(P<0.05),随访1年研究组3例、对照组2例因住址变迁失访,研究组DCR高于对照组(P<0.05),两组ORR比较差异无统计学意义;随访1年,两组不良反应比较差异均无统计学意义;两组6个月生存率比较无明显差异,研究组1年生存率高于对照组(P<0.05).结论联合二甲双胍和紫杉醇化疗应用于T2DM合并食管癌患者疗效显著,可有效改善血糖水平,调节肿瘤标志物水平及miR-126、miR-21表达,有利于延长生存期,有一定安全性.

关键词：食管癌血糖 2型糖尿病紫杉醇化疗二甲双胍肿瘤标志物

Yes-associated protein-mediated melatonin regulates the function of periodontal ligament stem cells under oxidative stress conditions

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2024年第11期16卷 926-943页

作者： ke gu Xiao-Mei Feng Shao-Qing Sun Xing-Yao Hao Yong Wen Department of Implantology School and Hospital of StomatologyCheeloo College of MedicineShandong University&Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration&Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissueegeneration&Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesNo.44-1 Wenhua Road WestJinan 250012Shandong ProvinceChina Stomatological Hospital School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function ReconstructionTianjin 300041China

BACKGROUND Human periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)regenerate oral *** vitro expansion causes replicative senescence in stem *** causes intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,which can impair stem cell *** engineering efficiency is reduced by exogenous ROS stimulation,which causes premature senescence under oxidative ***(MT),a powerful free radical scavenger,can delay PDLSCs senescence but may not maintain stemness under oxidative *** experiment examined the effects of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on PDLSCs’apoptosis,senescence,and *** To determine if MT can reverse the above effects along with the underlying molecular mechanisms *** PDLSCs were isolated from human premolars and cultured in different *** cytometry was used to characterize the cell surface markers of BACKGROUND Human periodontal ligament stem cells(PDLSCs)regenerate oral *** vitro expansion causes replicative senescence in stem *** causes intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)accumulation,which can impair stem cell *** engineering efficiency is reduced by exogenous ROS stimulation,which causes premature senescence under oxidative ***(MT),a powerful free radical scavenger,can delay PDLSCs senescence but may not maintain stemness under oxidative *** experiment examined the effects of hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress on PDLSCs’apoptosis,senescence,and *** To determine if MT can reverse the above effects along with the underlying molecular mechanisms *** PDLSCs were isolated from human premolars and cultured in different *** cytometry was used to characterize the cell surface markers of differentiation,ROS,and senescence-associatedβ-galactosidase activity were assessed by various *** transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot were used to measure the expression of genes and

关键词： Human periodontal ligament stem cells Melatonin Reactive oxygen species Senescence Yes-associated protein