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Hierarchical auditory perception for species discrimination and individual recognition in the music frog

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Current Zoology 2022年第5期68卷 581-591页

作者： Yanzhu Fan Ke FANG Ruolei Sun Di Shen Jing Yang Yezhong Tang Guangzhan fang Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for reproductive success and/or survival in most animals.However,the temporal order and neural localization of these decision-making processes has remained unclear.In this study,event-related potentials(ERPs)were measured in the telencephalon,diencephalon,and mesencephalon of the music frog Nidirana daunchina.These ERPs were elicited by calls from 1 group of heterospecifics(recorded from a sympatric anuran species)and 2 groups of conspecifics that differed in their fundamental frequencies.In terms of the polarity and position within the ERP waveform,auditory ERPs generally consist of 4 main components that link to selective attention(N1),stimulus evaluation(P2),identification(N2),and classification(P3).These occur around 100,200,250,and 300 ms after stimulus onset,respectively.Our results show that the N1 amplitudes differed significantly between the heterospecific and conspecific calls,but not between the 2 groups of conspecific calls that differed in fundamental frequency.On the other hand,the N2 amplitudes were significantly different between the 2 groups of conspecific calls,suggesting that the music frogs discriminated the species first,followed by individual identification,since N1 and N2 relate to selective attention and stimuli identification,respectively.Moreover,the P2 amplitudes evoked in females were significantly greater than those in males,indicating the existence of sexual dimorphism in auditory discrimination.In addition,both the N1 amplitudes in the left diencephalon and the P2 amplitudes in the left telencephalon were greater than in other brain areas,suggesting left hemispheric dominance in auditory perception.Taken together,our results support the hypothesis that species discrimination and identification of individual characteristics are accomplished sequentially,and that auditory perception exhibits differences between sexes and in spatial dominance.

关键词： event-related potentials(ERPs) individual identification music frog species discrimination temporal hierarchy

An adaptive sequential experiment design method for model validation

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第6期33卷 1661-1672页

作者： Ke FANG Yuchen ZHOU Ping MA Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China

Efficient experiment design is of great significance for the validation of simulation model with high nonlinearity and large input space.Excessive validation experiment raises the cost while insufficient test increases the risks of accepting an invalid model.In this paper,an adaptive sequential experiment design method combining global exploration criterion and local exploitation criterion is proposed.The exploration criterion utilizes discrepancy metric to improve the space-filling property of the design points while the exploitation criterion employs the leave one out error to discover informative points.To avoid the clustering of samples in the local region,an adaptive weight updating approach is provided to maintain the balance between exploration and exploitation.Besides,the credibility distribution function characterizing the relationship between the input and result credibility is introduced to support the model validation experiment design.Finally,six benchmark problems and an engineering case are applied to examine the performance of the proposed method.The experiments indicate that the proposed method achieves satisfactory performance for function approximation in accuracy and convergence.

关键词： Adaptive sequential experiment design Credibility distribution function Gaussian process model Metamodeling Model validation

Flexibility as a Strategy for Avoiding Call Overlap in Male Anhui Treefrogs

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第3期11卷 230-239页

作者： Jinjin SONG Ruolei SUN Ke FANG Baowei ZHANG Yezhong TANG Guangzhan fang School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016JiangsuChina

Male-male vocal competition is critical for mating success in anuran species;however,it remains unknown that how males regulate their competitive strategies dynamically during competition because calling is highly time-consuming,energetically demanding and likely to increase predation risks.Since different parts of calls will encode different information for vocal communication,we hypothesized that competitive strategies of male frogs may be modulated by the temporal and spectral features of different call notes.To test this hypothesis,the natural advertisement calls(OC),its modified versions with the first call note replaced by white noise(WN)or other notes and with the fifth call note replaced by WN,were played back to the Anhui tree frogs(Rhacophorus zhoukaiyae).Results showed that 1)males produced more competitive calls in response to acoustic stimuli compared to their baseline calling during silence;and 2)males emitted more non-overlapping calls compared to overlapping calls in response to the acoustic stimuli.These results are consistent with the idea that males are flexible to acoustic signals and their competition strategies are modulated dynamically by social contexts.

关键词： acoustic stimulus call overlap flexibility frog individual recognition male-male competition

Toward In Situ Atomistic Design of Catalytic Active Sites via Controlled Atmosphere Transmission Electron Microscopy

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Accounts of Materials Research 2023年第3期4卷 275-286页

作者： Wentao Yuan Ke FANG Ruiyang You Ze Zhang Yong Wang Center of Electron Microscopy and State key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

CONSPECTUS:Heterogeneous catalysts are widely used in a variety of industrial fields,including environmental protection,energy conversion,and chemical production.Their performance during reactions is usually determined by a small fraction of sites at the catalyst surfaces/interfaces,namely,the active sites.Actually,since the concept of the“active sites”was proposed by Hugh Taylor in the 1920s,determining the active site at the atomic level and understanding the molecular processes that happened at the active site have become the top priority in catalysis research.Researchers tried different methods to acquire various information related to the surface/interface active sites,pursuing their rational design at the atomic level.Although great achievements have been made in catalyst surface study,in situ atomistic design of active sites remains challenging,due to the lack of direct information and effective manipulation means concerning the active sites.Specifically,many critical issues regarding the active sites under reaction conditions remain to be solved:(1)precisely identifying the active sites,which is the foundation for understanding the catalytical mechanism and rational design of the catalyst;(2)accurately manipulating the surface/interface active sites at the atomic scale,which is the basis for realizing the desired performance;(3)maintaining these designed active sites operating in a long-term with high efficiency without deactivation,which is extremely important to the practical applications of the catalysts.All these aspects rely on the fundamental understanding of the interactions between different surface/interface configurations of the catalyst and external environments(gas,pressure,temperature,etc.).In this Account,we present the recent progress in our group on the studies of surface/interface active sites via controlled atmosphere transmission electron microscopy(CATEM).We first briefly introduce the advances in CATEM technologies,including the window(closed)approach and aperture(open)approaches.Then

关键词： catalyst rational determining

Development and Validation of a Prediction Model on Adult Emergency Department Patients for Early Identification of Fulminant Myocarditis

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Current Medical Science 2023年第5期43卷 961-969页

作者： Min JIANG Jian ke Ming-hao fang Su-fang HUANG Yuan-yuan LI Department of Emergency Medicine Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Objective It is difficult to predict fulminant myocarditis at an early stage in the emergency department.The objective of this study was to construct and validate a simple prediction model for the early identification of fulminant myocarditis.Methods A total of 61 patients with fulminant myocarditis and 160 patients with acute myocarditis were enrolled in the training and internal validation cohorts.LASSO regression and multivariate logistic regression were selected to develop the prediction model.The selection of the model was based on overall performance and simplicity.A nomogram based on the optimal model was built,and its clinical usefulness was evaluated by decision curve analysis.The predictive model was further validated in an external validation group.Results The resulting prediction model was based on 4 factors:systolic blood pressure,troponin I,left ventricular ejection fraction,and ventricular wall motion abnormality.The Brier scores of the final model were 0.078 in the training data set and 0.061 in the internal testing data set,respectively.The C-indexes of the training data set and the testing data set were 0.952 and 0.968,respectively.Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram model developed based on the 4 predictors above had a positive net benefit for predicting probability thresholds.In the external validation cohort,the model also showed good performance(Brier score=0.007,and C-index=0.989).Conclusion We developed and validated an early prediction model consisting of 4 clinical factors(systolic blood pressure,troponin I,left ventricular ejection fraction,and ventricular wall motion abnormality)to identify potential fulminant myocarditis patients in the emergency department.

关键词： fulminant myocarditis emergency risk prediction nomogram

Behavior and Approximate Entropy of Right-eye Lateralization During Predation in the Music Frog

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Asian Herpetological Research 2020年第2期11卷 115-123页

作者： Yansu LIU Jiangyan SHEN Ke FANG Jinjin SONG Yanzhu FAN Jing YANG Di SHEN fang LU Guangzhan fang Sichuan Nursing Vocational College Chengdu 610100SichuanChina Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041SichuanChina School of Life Science Anhui UniversityHefei 230601AnhuiChina Department of Ophthalmology West China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041SichuanChina

Brain asymmetry for processing visual information is widespread in animals.However,it is still unknown how the complexity of the underlying neural network activities represents this asymmetrical pattern in the brain.In the present study,we investigated this complexity using the approximate entropy(ApEn)protocol for electroencephalogram(EEG)recordings from the forebrain and midbrain while the music frogs(Nidirana daunchina)attacked prey stimulus.The results showed that(1)more significant prey responses were evoked by the prey stimulus presented in the right visual field than that in the left visual field,consistent with the idea that right-eye preferences for predatory behaviors exist in animals including anurans;(2)in general,the ApEn value of the left hemisphere(especially the left mesencephalon)was greatest under various stimulus conditions,suggesting that visual lateralization could be reflected by the dynamics of underlying neural network activities and that the stable left-hemisphere dominance of EEG ApEn may play an important role in maintaining this brain asymmetry.

关键词： approximate entropy(ApEn) complexity electroencephalogram(EEG) frog lateralization predatory behavior right-eye preference

Wire and arc additive manufacturing of dissimilar 2319 and 5B06 aluminum alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第29期124卷 65-75页

作者： Tianxing Chang Xuewei fang Gang Liu Hongkai Zhang ke Huang State key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China State key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

Aluminum alloy is the most widely used light alloy at present.By combining different types of aluminum alloys,their functional properties can be expanded.In the present research,two components composed of 2319(Al-6.5Cu)and 5B06(Al-6.4Mg)dissimilar alloys were fabricated by wire and arc additive manufacturing(WAAM).The deposited component with the bottom half of 2319 and the top half of 5B06 exhibits better mechanical properties than its counterpart deposited vice versa.Its ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation are 258.5 MPa,139.3 MPa,and 5.6%,respectively,which are only slightly inferior to the mechanical properties of 2319 base metal.The results show that for both components,fracture occurred at a layer thickness above the interface layer during the tensile test,regardless of the deposition order.It appears that the thermal stress due to the long dwell time and the remelting of the S-AlCu Mg phase are the main factors promoting crack initiation.Depending on the deposition order,cracks propagate either along the aggregated pores or stripθ-AlCu phase distributed along the grain boundary.By analyzing the heat input and selecting the appropriate depositing order,the strength of WAAM dissimilar aluminum alloys can be effectively improved through the proper control of microstructure and internal defects.

关键词： Wire and arc additive manufacturing Dissimilar materials Defects Microstructure Mechanical Properties Aluminum alloy

Unveiling the key factor affecting the illumination deterioration and response measures for lead halide perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第10期31卷 429-435,I0011页

作者： Feihong Ye Haibing Wang Weijun ke Chen Tao Guojia fang School of Physics and Technology Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430000HubeiChina

So far,it's been widely acknowledged that the Pb I2decomposition under illumination mainly accounts for the degradation of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)under maximum power point(MPP)tracking condition.However,PSCs without excess Pb I2were also reported to deteriorate rapidly under the same condition.Here,we demonstrate that the key to enhance PSCs stability under MPP tracking condition is not to have fascinating surface morphology with effective suppression of nonradiative recombination traps but to prevent the migration of iodine ion(I-)under light illumination.By partially substituting methylammonium chloride(MACl)with methylammonium iodide(MAI)and simutaneouly introducing I2during the sequential deposition,the iodine vacancies in perovskite films are substantially suppressed,thereby limiting the pathways for I^(-)migration.As a consequence,PSCs with efficiency of 24.28%are fabricated with remarkably enhanced working stability.

关键词： Perovskite solar cell Degradation mechanism Light-induced halide ion migration MPP stability

Validation method for simulation models with cross iteration

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2019年第3期30卷 555-563页

作者： fang ke ZHAO Kaibin ZHOU Yuchen Control and Simulation Center Harbin Institute of Technology

Cross iteration often exists in the computational process of the simulation models, especially for control models. There is a credibility defect tracing problem in the validation of models with cross iteration. In order to resolve this problem, after the problem formulation, a validation theorem on the cross iteration is proposed, and the proof of the theorem is given under the cross iteration circumstance. Meanwhile, applying the proposed theorem, the credibility calculation algorithm is provided, and the solvent of the defect tracing is explained. Further, based on the validation theorem on the cross iteration, a validation method for simulation models with the cross iteration is proposed, which is illustrated by a flowchart step by step. Finally, a validation example of a sixdegree of freedom (DOF) flight vehicle model is provided, and the validation process is performed by using the validation method. The result analysis shows that the method is effective to obtain the credibility of the model and accomplish the defect tracing of the validation.

关键词： validation method simulation model cross iteration validation theorem validation example